2019年高中英语 Module 3 Interpersonal Relationships—Fri

1Module3InterpersonalRelationships—FriendshipIflifeiswar,thenourfriendsareourbestallies(盟友).They'retheoneswecallupwhenthere'sabattleaheadandwe'regoingtoneedsomehelp.They'retheoneswhocomeinwhenwe'reweak.They'retheoneswhoarealwaysthere,supportingus,throughoutlossesandgains.AccordingtoresearchersattheUniversityofPennsylvania,wechooseourfriendsbasedonthisunconsciousnotion(信念)thattheywillsupportusintimesofneed.Theresearchleaders,PeterDeScioliandRobertKurzban,said,“Therelationshipsbetweenfriendsaresimilartothoseofalliesbetweennations.”Likenationsthatunitetogether,we'refriendsbecausewetrusteachother.Weneedeachother,forresourcesandsupport.It'sasupportsystemthat'snecessarytoourcountry.Becauseifyouthinkaboutit,everygreatpowerwouldbenothingwithoutitsallies,andourstrengthisdependentonthestrengthofourfriendships.Wetakecareofourfriendshipsthesamewaywetakecareofourallies.Wesupportthem,gotothemintimesofneedandrelyontheminourownmomentsofweakness.They'llbethefirstonestherewhenwe'vebeenattackedandthelastonestoleaveinrecovery.Wechoosepeoplebasedonthenotionthattheywillprovideaidandcarewhenweneedthesethingsmost.Theyareasupportsystemweneedtocreateforthetoughbattles.Friendshipsarebuiltwithoutanynecessaryexpectationthattheywillreceiveanythinginreturnanytimesoon,butknowingthatsupportistherewhentheyneeditmakesallthedifference.Weneedtimetofindoutwhetherourfriendsareourbestallies.AccordingtoKurzban,“Weliveinaworldwhereconflictcanariseandalliesmustbeinpositionbeforehand.”Inlife,weallmayfightafewbattlesandwefeelstrongerknowingsomeonehasourback.Section_ⅠIntroduction_&_Reading_—_Pre­reading[原文呈现]Roy'sStory2IrememberthefirsttimeImetRoy①.Hewasstandinginthecentreofagroupofboys,andhewastellingajoke②.Whenhereachedthefinalline,everyoneburstout③laughing.Roylaughedtoo,aloudhappylaugh.“Popularboy，”Ithoughttomyself④.MynameisDaniel.Iwasthenewboyintheclass.OurfamilywasfromthenorthofEngland,butmyfatherhadbeenofferedabetterjobinLondon,andourwholefamilyhadmovedthere.Iwastwelveand,havinglostallmyoldfriends⑤，Ifeltshyandlonelyatmynewschool.Therewere33studentsinmynewclass,andmostpeopleweren'tveryinterestedinashynewboy.Roywasoneofthefewpeoplewhowerekindtome⑥.Heofteninvited⑦metojoinhisparticulargroup,andasaresult⑧，Istartedgettingtoknow⑨people.RoyandIbecamegoodfriends.Wetrusted⑩eachotherandwecouldtalkaboutpersonalmatters⑪，thingsthatwereimportanttous⑫.[读文清障]①thefirsttime作先行词，其后定语从句的引导词实际上是that，此时that是关系副词，可以省略。②tellajoke/jokes讲笑话makeajokeofsth.拿某事开玩笑③burstout突然发生，突然……起来burstinto＋n.＝burstout＋doing④thinktooneself心里想⑤现在分词的完成式作原因状语，表示lost这一动作发生在felt这一动作之前。⑥who引导定语从句，修饰先行词thefewpeople。“oneof＋复数名词”作先行词，其后定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式；“theonlyoneof＋复数名词”作先行词，其后定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。⑦invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事⑧asaresult结果(＝asaconsequence)⑨get(come/turn)toknow开始认识，逐渐认识⑩trust/trʌst/v.信赖，信任⑪personalmatters个人问题⑫things作personalmatters的同位语，被that定语从句修饰。罗伊的故事[第1～2段译文]我还记得第一次见到罗伊的情景。他站在一群男孩的中间，正说着笑话。他说到最后一句的时候，大家都哄堂大笑起来。罗伊也笑了，是那种开心的大笑。我当时心里想：“他是3个受欢迎的男孩。”我叫丹尼尔，是班里的新学生。因为父亲在伦敦找了份更好的工作，我们全家就从英格兰北部搬到了那里。当时我12岁，因为失去了我所有的老朋友，在这所新学校里我感到害羞和孤独。在我的新班级里有33名学生。他们大都对(我这样)一个害羞的新来的男孩不太感兴趣。只有少数几个人对我友善，而罗伊则是其中的一个。他常邀请我加入他的特殊的小组，因此，我开始认识其他人，罗伊和我成了好朋友。我们互相信任，因此，我们可以谈论一些对我们重要的个人问题。Fiveyearslater,RoyandIarestillinthesameclass.Butjustunderayearago,Roy'sfatherwasknockedover⑬byacar.Hediedafewdayslater.Thefamilyhadtomovetoamuchsmallerhouseinorderto⑭managefinancially⑮.Roy,whohadalwaysbeenverycloseto⑯hisfather,changedcompletely,becomingsilentandmoody⑰.Hehadalwaysbeenaclever,hard­working⑱studentbutnowheseemedtoloseallinterestin⑲hiswork.Hestartedlosingfriends.Thesedays,RoyandIseeeachotherfromtimetotime⑳，butwe'renolongerclose.,⑬knock...over(开车)撞伤，撞死⑭inorderto为了，目的是⑮financially/faI'nænʃli/adv.财政上地⑯becloseto亲近，与……亲密close/kləʊs/adj.亲密的，亲近的⑰moody/'muːdi/adj.喜怒无常的becomingsilent...是现在分词短语作结果状语。⑱hard­workingadj.工作努力的，辛勤的⑲loseinterestin对……失去兴趣⑳fromtimetotime偶尔，有时[第3段译文]五年过去了，罗伊和我还在同一个班里。但就在不到一年前，罗伊的父亲遭遇了车祸，几天后就去世了。他家不得不搬到了一个小很多的房子，以减轻经济负担。罗伊原来和他父亲关系十分亲密，而父亲去世后他彻底变了，变得沉默寡言、喜怒无常。他曾经一直是一个聪明又勤奋的学生，但他现在对学习似乎一点儿也不感兴趣了。他开始失去朋友。最近，我和罗伊还时而见面，但已经不再那么亲密了。Aboutthreemonthsago,agroupofuswereplayingfootballtogetherafterschool.○21Havingleftsomethinginthecloakroom○22，Iwentinsidetogetit,and○23foundRoygoingthrough○24thepocketsofpeople'scoats.Inhishandhehadawallet—andIknewitwasn'this!Mymouthfellopen○25andIjustlookedathim.Roywentbright4red○26.“I'llputitbackrightnow○27，”hesaid,andhedidso.Iturnedround○28andwalkedoutwithoutsayingaword.○21Havingleftsomethinginthecloakroom是原因状语。○22cloakroom/'kləʊkrʊm/n.衣帽间，临时寄物处○23findsb.doingsth.发现某人正在做某事。○24gothrough此处为“翻找”的意思。○25fallopen张大。fall是连系动词，意为“进入(某状态)，开始变成”。○26gored是“连系动词go＋adj.”结构，表示“变得……”，往往强调向不好的方面转变。gomad/bad变疯/变坏○27rightnow立即，立刻(＝rightaway)○28turnround转过身来[第4段译文]大约三个月前，我们一群人放学后在一起踢足球。因为我把东西落在衣帽间了，我就进去取，这时我发现罗伊正在翻别人的衣服口袋。他手里拿着个钱包，我知道那不是他的！我张大了嘴，直盯着他。罗伊满脸通红。“我马上放回去。”他说着就把钱包放了回去。我转身没说一句话就走出去了。IreallyhopedthatRoywouldexplainwhyhehadbeenstealing,butinsteadhestartedavoiding○29me.Atthesametime○30，smallamounts○31ofmoneystarteddisappearingfromstudents'lockers○32.IwonderedifthethiefwasRoybutdecidednottosayanythingtoanyone○3