1SectionⅡIntroduction&Reading—LanguagePoints一、这样记单词记得准·写得对得快·记得多Ⅰ.基础词汇1.barbern.理发师2.offervi.(主动)提出(愿意做某事)3.signaln.信号4.sheeradj.垂直的;陡峭的5.bendn.弯曲处;弯道6.circularadj.圆形的7.encountern.相遇;邂逅8.profoundadj.(影响)深刻的;极大的9.missionn.任务;职责;使命10.qualifiedadj.合格的;称职的Ⅱ.拓展词汇1.satisfyingadj.令人满意的→satisfyv.使(某人)满意、满足→satisfiedadj.满意的→satisfactionn.满意,满足2.stressfuladj.充满压力的;紧张的→stressn.压力;紧张3.minern.矿工→minen.矿;矿井4.volunteern.志愿者v.自愿→voluntaryadj.自愿的;自发的;主动的5.respectvt.遵守;尊敬n.尊敬→respectfuladj.尊敬人的→respectableadj.值得尊敬的6.directvt.指挥→directionn.方向,指导→directorn.导演,指挥者[记法]intel(在……之间)+lect(选)+al(形容词后缀)懂得如何明智地选择的→intellectual[联想]①intelligencen.智力,智慧②intelligentadj.聪明的,有才智的,智能的1.intellectualadj.脑力的;思维的,需用才智的2.accountantn.会计[记法]ac(表示“一再”等加强意)+count(计算)+ant(表“……人”)→accountant[联想]count词根相关词一览①countv.数,计算②countern.柜台③countryn.国家;乡村④countrysiden.农村⑤accountn.账户3.biochemistn.生物化学家[记法]bio(生物的)+chemist(化学家)→biochemist[联想]ist后缀词小结①physicist物理学家②chemist化学家③biologist生物学家④artist艺术家⑤dentist牙科医生⑥technologist技术专家4.electriciann.电工;电器技师[记法]electr(表示“电的”)+ian(表示“某种人”)[联想]electr前缀词集锦①electricityn.电②electricadj.电的;电动的;发电的;导电的;令人震惊的③electricaladj.有关电的;电气科学的2二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块31.ingood/badcondition状况好/差2.inparticular尤其;特别3.onaverage平均4.intheory理论上;从理论上来说5.inpractice实际上;在实践中6.passby经过7.take...forgranted以为……理所当然8.comeoff_脱离;举行9.haveaneffecton对……产生影响10.takeup站好位置以备……;从事;占据1.thehumantrafficsignal人体交通信号2.athighaltitude在高海拔地区3.beconsideredthemostdangerousroad被认为是最危险的路4.everytwoweeks每两周5.respecttherules遵守这些规则6.thedeathtoll死亡人数7.directthetraffic指挥交通8.fromoppositedirections来自相反方向9.haveacloseencounterwithdeath跟死神打了个照面10.fromdawntodusk从拂晓到黄昏三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Thedropissogreatthatanyoneinsidethevehicleisluckytosurvive.悬崖落差如此大,以至于从如此高的悬崖上摔下去,车上任何一个能活着的人都是幸运的。so...that引导结果状语从句。Thecliffisso_sheer_thatnoonedarestomakeanattemptatclimbing.悬崖如此陡峭,无人敢尝试攀爬。2.Everymorningheclimbsuptothebendwithalargecircularboardinhishand.每天早晨,他手里都拿着一块大圆板爬上弯道。本句为with复合结构(with+n.+介词短语)。Theteacherlookedatmewith_tears_in_her_eyes.老师看着我,眼里含着泪水。3.Hewasdrivingalorryloadofbananaswhenhecameofftheroadatabendandfellthreehundredmetresdownthemountain.当时他正驾驶着一辆满载香蕉的卡车,突然在一个拐弯处偏离车道,坠落到山下300米处。sb.wasdoing...when...意为“某人正在做……这时……”,when为并列连词。Iwas_readingattentivelyinmyownroomwhensuddenlyheknockedatthedoor.我正在聚精会神地在我自己的房间里读书,这时他突然敲门。1.(教材P11)satisfyingadj.令人满意的4(1)satisfyvt.使(某人)满意或满足(2)satisfactionn.满意;满足toone'ssatisfaction使某人满意的是(3)satisfiedadj.感到满意的,满足的besatisfiedwith对……感到满意①Thecutegirl'sjobasanaccountantissatisfying,inhermother'sopinion.在她妈妈看来,这个漂亮姑娘的会计工作很令人满意。②To_my_great_satisfaction/Much_to_my_satisfaction,_youhavebeenadmittedbyakeyuniversity.令我非常满意的是,你被一所重点大学录取了。③Tobesatisfiedwithwhatyouhave.知足者常乐。[辨析比较]satisfying,satisfiedsatisfying表示“令人满意的,令人满足的”,常用来修饰事物satisfied表示“感到满意的”,常用来修饰人选用以上单词填空④Whentheyoungsterheardthesinger'ssatisfyingsong,hefeltsatisfiedandasatisfiedsmileappearedonhisface.2.(教材P12)Thispersonhasofferedtodoajob—andmaynotbepaidfordoingit.这个人主动做这份工作——而且这项工作有可能没有报酬。v.(主动)提出(愿意做某事);提供;出价n.提议,提供;出价,报价(1)offertodosth.(主动)提出/愿意做某事offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.为某人提供某物offersb.moneyforsth.向某人出钱买某物(2)accept/takeanoffer接受提议refuse/turndownanoffer拒绝提议①Tomofferedtodrivemetotheairport,forwhichIfeltsograteful.汤姆主动开车把我送到机场,因为这件事我感到非常感激。②BillGatesdeclaredtooffermostofhisheritagetothecharity.比尔·盖茨宣布将把他的大部分遗产捐给慈善事业。③Theyofferedus800thousandyuanforthehouse.5他们向我们出价80万元买这套房子。[联想发散]“向某人提供某物”还有以下一些固定表达方式:注意:offer可接双宾语,而provide和supply不可以。3.(教材P12)Oneroadinparticular,whichgoesnorthfromLaPaz,isconsideredthemostdangerousroadintheworld.尤其是从拉巴斯通往北边的一条路被认为是世界上最危险的路。尤其;特别beparticularabout/over...对……过于讲究/挑剔particularly=inparticular特别,尤其①Iwentalongthinkingofnothinginparticularandonlylookingatthingsaroundme.我一路走着,没想什么特别的事,只是四下张望着。②MrsSmithwassoparticularabout/overeverythingthatnoservantscouldpleaseher.史密斯夫人对一切如此挑剔以至于没有一个佣人能令她满意。4.(教材P12)Althoughthereisnotalotoftraffic,onaverage,onevehiclecomesofftheroadeverytwoweeks.尽管交通量不大,但平均每两周就有一辆车驶出公路。平均above/belowaverage在平均水平之上/下anaverageof...平均有……theaverageof...……的平均数(量)①On(the/an)average,thereare200visitorstothemuseumeveryday.平均每天来游览博物馆的人数是200。②Temperaturesarebelowaverageforthetimeofyear.气温低于此时的年平均温度。③Parentsspendan_average_of$220ayearontoysfortheirchildren.父母给孩子买玩具的花费每年平均为220美元。5.(教材P12)Butinpractice,fewdriversrespecttherules.但实际上,几乎没有司机遵守这些规则。6遵守,尊敬n.尊敬,尊重;方面(pl.);问候;敬意(1)respectsb.forsth.因为某事尊重某人show/haverespectforsb.尊敬某人win/earn/gaintherespectofsb.赢得某人的尊重(2)inthis/thatrespect在这/那方面(3)respectableadj.受人尊敬的;值得尊敬的respectfuladj.尊敬人的;表示敬意的①Shehasalwaysbeenhonestwithme,andIrespectherforthat.她一直对我很诚实,我非常敬重她这一点。②Asaqualifiedmonitor,shehaswon/gained/earned_the_respect_ofherclassmates.作为一名称职的班长,她已经赢得了同学们的尊重。③Weshouldappreciateyourcooperationinthisrespect.我们应该感谢你在这方面的合作。6.(教材P13)Timoteostandsonthebendanddirectsthetraffic.铁穆特欧站在拐角处指挥交通。指挥;指路;指示,命令;导演adj.直接的;径直的adv.径直地,直达地(1)directsb.tosp.指给某人去某地的路(2)directionn.方向;指南;说明inthedirectionof朝……方向(3)directorn.导演,指挥员directlyadv.直接地conj.一……就……①Apolicemanstoodinthemiddleoftheroad,directingthetraffic.一名警察站在路中央指挥交通。②Hewassokindthathedirectedmetothemuseum.他