山东省2020届新高考英语大二轮总复习 第四板块 写作 第一部分 应用文写作 第3讲 润色习作的3种

-1-第三讲润色习作的3种高效策略精准选词，妙笔生花从书面表达的评分标准中可以看出，恰当选用贴切、地道的高级词汇对提高书面表达的得分非常重要。写作时恰当使用一些大多数考生有可能想不到的词汇，恰当地求新求异或使用较为高级的短语、习语等来代替普通词汇，可以提高文章的得分档次。为写作增添色彩。请考生牢记并熟练运用下面的词汇。一、选用高级词汇“四原则”1．具体性原则在具备一定词汇量的条件下，具体的表达比泛泛而谈的内容更能引起阅卷人的共鸣。例如：当描述一个具体事物或人时，类似anice/goodman的表达让人感觉很空洞，我们可以用有个性的，具体的词描绘一个人，如kind­hearted(好心的)；generous(慷慨的；大方的)；easy­going(随和的)等。再如：Itwaswithsincerityandfaithfulnessthatwecreatedagoodatmosphere.→Itwaswithsincerityandfaithfulnessthatwecreatedaharmoniousatmosphere.2．新颖性原则写作时恰当得体地使用高中学过的、别人可能想不到的词汇，会给阅卷人耳目一新的感觉。Inthecomingthreeyears，ourschoollifewillbedifficult.→Inthecomingthreeyears，ourschoollifewillbechallenging.3．短语优先原则多使用词组、习语来代替一些单词，以增加文采。IwanttotellyousomethingaboutmyplanforthesummervacationandI'dlikeyoutohelpme.→IwanttotellyousomethingaboutmyplanforthesummervacationandI'dlikeyoutodomeafavor.(全国卷Ⅰ·书面表达)4．避免重复原则尽量避免过多地使用某一个单词，必要时选择使用其他恰当的同义词或词组来代替。Anystudentwhoisinterestediswelcometoparticipate...Ifyouwanttoparticipate，[e-mail].→Anystudentwhoisinterestediswelcometoparticipate...Ifyouwanttojoin，[e-mail].(全国卷Ⅱ·书面表达)-2-二、高级词汇积累45例1．另外besides→inaddition/what'smore2．总之inaword→tosumup/inconclusion/insummary3．但是but→however4．机会chance→opportunity5．选择choice→alternative6．考虑consider→takeintoaccount/consideration7．最终finally→eventually8．勤奋的hard­working→diligent9．分发handout→distribute10．后果result→consequence11．应该should→besupposedto12．决定decide→makeupone'smind13．理解understand→makesenseof/figureout14．可用的usable→available15．使用use→employ/makeuseof16．艰难的difficult→painstaking17．改正，修改correct→polish18．不同的different→various19．想要want→intend20．做，从事do→takeup21．获得get→gain22．记住remember→keepinmind23．种类繁多allkindsof→awiderangeof24．和and→aswellas25．反对beagainst→objectto26．厌烦beboredwith→befedupwith27．忙于bebusyin/with→beoccupiedin/with28．发生happen→occur/comeabout29．提高improve→promote30．重要的important→vital31．立即immediately→inaflash32．参加join→participate33．巨大的large→enormous-3-34．有意义的meaningful→rewarding35．许多many→alargequantityof36．明显的obvious→apparent37．合适的proper→appropriate38．丰富的rich→abundant39．与……不同bedifferentfrom→differ/varyfrom40．渴望做……beeagertodo→bedyingtodo/longtodo41．因为becauseof→onaccountof42．闻名befamousfor→haveareputationfor43．越来越多moreandmore→anincreasingnumberof44．感到舒心feelcomfortable→feelatease45．成功做某事succeedindoingsth.→makeit[题组过关1]——升级文中加黑词汇Deareditor，Withthedevelopmentofeconomy，moreandmore(1.________)Chinesepeoplearemakingatripathomeandabroad，whichmakesusnotonlyenjoymorebeautifulscenerybutalsolearnmoreaboutthecultureandthecustomsoftheplaceswevisit.Unfortunately，someofusshoutloudly，litterorspitinpublic，whichhasharmed(2.________)thegoodreputationofusChinese.Inmyopinion，whengoingontrips，weshouldbehaveourselvesandobeythecultureandcustomsthere.Besides(3.________)，theenvironmentshould(4.________)beprotected.Inthisway，wewillwinrespectforourselvesand(5.________)ourcountry.Finally(6.________)，weshouldalwaysremember(7.________)thatitiseveryone'sresponsibilitytoupholdtheimageofourmotherland.Yourssincerely，LiHua答案：1.anincreasingnumberof2.doneharmto3.Inaddition4.issupposedto5.aswellas6．Eventually7.keepinmind句式丰富，表述地道写作文时应多运用一些高级句式和复合句，并注意句式的灵活多变，让文章读起来抑扬顿挫，让考生深厚的语言功底得以体现，让作文跨上五档线！一、利用复合句式，提升文章档次复合句包括定语从句，状语从句和名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语-4-从句)。1．增加亮点的定语从句定语从句的应用可以非常有效地提升表达档次，在写作中如果我们可以把两个简单句合并为一个含有定语从句的复合句，或者把并列句改为含有定语从句的复合句，这些都能为文章增加亮点。①IamLiHua，astudentfromChina.IamstudyinginLondonduringthesummerholiday.→IamLiHua，astudentfromChina，whoisstudyinginLondonduringthesummerholiday.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ·书面表达)②Thefilmismainlyrelatedtothedevelopmentofourschool.Itwillgreatlyhelpusstudentsknowtheschool'shistorybetterandappealtoustomakecontributionstoourschool'sdevelopment.→Thefilmismainlyrelatedtothedevelopmentofourschool，whichwillgreatlyhelpusstudentsknowtheschool'shistorybetterandappealtoustomakecontributionstoourschool'sdevelopment.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ·书面表达)③WewillgotoSpringMountainandtherewecanhaveachimb.→WewillgotoSpringMountainwherewecanhaveaclimb.(2017·浙江卷6月·应用文写作)2．吸引眼球的状语从句在英语写作中，状语从句是经常用到的句型，它的灵活运用能使作文更具吸引力。①Secondly，theinconvenienceisnotaproblemifourpurposeistoshareChineseculture.(2019·江苏卷·书面表达)②Ifyouhaveanyopinionaboutthefilm，[e-mail].(2018·全国卷Ⅱ·书面表达)③Wecansetoutearlysothatwewillhavemoretimetoreadandselectbooks.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ·书面表达)④WhenitcomestotheseasonIlikebest，springwillalwaysoccurtomeinnotime.(2016·四川卷·书面表达)3．提升档次的名词性从句名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，是写作中常见的高级表达方式。-5-①IthinkthatIamqualifiedtobeavolunteer.(宾语从句)(2019·全国卷Ⅰ·书面表达)②IdobelievethatIamveryqualifiedforthisvoluntarywork，becauseIhaveagoodcommandofspokenEnglish.(宾语从句)(2018·浙江卷6月·书面表达)③ItisknownthatwecanbenefitalotfromplayingPingPong.(主语人句)(2017·全国卷Ⅲ·书面表达)④That'swhyIthinkthetripalongtheYangtzeRiverisabetterchoice.(表语从句)(2017·北京卷·书面表达)二、利用句式变化、增加得分亮点(一)常用7大句式，考场驾轻就熟写作中，如果考生能够使用如强调句型，倒装句型等特殊句式，不仅能彰显考生的英语水平，还能提升写作档次。1．省略句①Ifaccepted，IcanintroduceChinesepaintingskillstovisitors.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ·书面表达)②As(itis)scheduled，weparticipatedinseveralinstructiveactivities.(2016·天津卷·书面表达)③Whiletakingthisline，wecanenjoythebeautifulsceneryaswella