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-1-SectionⅣGrammar直接引语和间接引语(Ⅱ)——祈使句1．(教材P12)“Lookatthisexample，”theteachersaidtous.→Theteachertoldustolookatthatexample.2．(教材P12)“Wouldyouliketoseemyflat？”sheasked.→Sheaskedmetoseeherflat.3．“Don’tlookoutofthewindow,boys，”saidtheteacher.→Theteachertoldtheboysnottolookoutofthewindow.4．Hesaid，“Howcleverthechildis！”→Hesaidhowcleverthechildwas.祈使句的直接引语变间接引语，祈使句的间接引语形式多采用“动词＋宾语＋动词不定式”结构。常见的引述动词有ask，tell，beg，warn，remind，advise，order等。1．引述表示命令的祈使句，变间接引语时常采用ask/tell/ordersb.(not)todosth.的形式。◆“Finishthetaskintenminutes，”themanagersaidtotheclerk.→Themanagertoldtheclerktofinishthetaskintenminutes.◆“Keepsilent！”thechairmansaidtothestudents.→Thechairmanorderedthestudentstokeepsilent.2．当直接引语为表示建议、提议、请求、劝告的祈使句(或表示请求、提议、劝告、建议的疑问句)时，多用suggest＋doing/that从句(如suggest后接that从句时，从句使用虚拟语气should＋动词原形，should也可省略)，及ask/advise/want/begsb.＋todo等结构。◆Marysaid，“Let’sgototheartexhibitionthisafternoon.”→Marysuggestedgoingtotheartexhibitionthatafternoon.→Marysuggestedthatwe(should)gototheartexhibitionthatafternoon.◆“Pleasehavearest，”shesaidtous.→Sheaskedustohavearest.3．引述表示警告或提醒的祈使句用remind，warn等词转述。◆“Takeanumbrellaincaseofrain，”hismothersaidtohim.→Hismotherremindedhimtotakeanumbrellaincaseofrain.-2-◆Theleadersaidtotheworkers，“Don’tspeakwhileworking.”→Theleaderwarnedtheworkersnottospeakwhileworking.(1)无论是否定祈使句，还是表示委婉语气的否定疑问句，在变为间接引语时，要用不定式的否定形式：not/nevertodosth.；(2)直接引语中的称呼语变为间接引语时，一般把它当作主句谓语动词的宾语用。◆Shesaid，“Don’tmakesomuchnoise,children！”→Shetoldthechildrennottomakesomuchnoise.4．感叹句的直接引语变间接引语，直接引语为感叹句时，间接引语可用what或how引导，也可以用that引导。◆“Whatabeautifuldressitis！”thegirlsaidtoherfriend.→Thegirltoldherfriendwhatabeautifuldressitwas.◆“Howlovelythegirlis！”hesaid.→Hesaidhowlovelythegirlwas.Ⅰ将下列直接引语变为间接引语1．“Wearawarmcoat,Mary，”saidJenny.→JennytoldMarytowearawarmcoat.2．“Don’topenthedoorbeforethebusstops，”Mr.Zhangwarned.→Mr.Zhangwarnedusnottoopenthedoorbeforethebusstopped.3．“Doyouknowwhereshelives？”heasked.→HeaskedwhetherIknewwhereshelived．4．Theyoungmansaidtome,“IlikeBeijingverymuch.”→TheyoungmantoldmethathelikedBeijingverymuch.5．“I’llgooverthegrammarlessononceagain，”hesaid.→Hesaidhewouldgooverthegrammarlessononceagain.6．“Stoptalking，”themonitorsaidtotheclass.→Themonitortoldtheclasstostoptalking．7．“Don’ttakeoffyourcoat，”shesaidtohersister.→Shetoldhersisternottotakeoffhercoat.8．Sheasked,“Don’tyouknowmytelephonenumber？”→SheaskedmewhetherIknewhertelephonenumberornot.9．“Doyoulikethisone？”Tomasked.→TomaskedmewhetherIlikedthatone.-3-10．Mymotherasked,“Wherehaveyoubeen？”→MymotheraskedmewhereIhadbeen．Ⅱ单句改错1．Dadaskedusnotplaythatdangerousgame.play前加to2．Thewomanwarnedhimnottodrivingafterdrinking.driving→drive3．MissZhouhadtoldustocopythewordsthreetimestwodaysago.ago→before4．Theleaderorderedthatwetoleavethevillagebeforedaybreak.去掉to5．Marysaid，“Wouldyoupleaseexplainthisquestiontomethen？”then→nowⅢ语法与写作1．男孩告诉老师他将尽他所能赶上其他人。Theboytoldhisteacherthathewouldtryhisbesttocatchupwithothers.2．我老师问我是否喜欢打篮球。Myteacheraskedmeif/whetherIlikedplayingbasketball．3．请叫邻居们不要这样喧哗。(make)Pleaseasktheneighboursnottomakesomuchnoise．4．妈妈告诫孩子不要太靠近水边。(get)Themotherwarnedherchildnottogettooclosetothewater.5．妈妈告诉我在爸爸睡觉时不要弹吉他(guitar)。Mothertoldmenottoplaytheguitarwhilemyfatherwassleeping.Ⅰ句型转换1．Theheadmastersaidtous,“Spendmoretimeonyourstudy.”→Theheadmastertoldustospendmoretimeonourstudy.2．Thewomansaidtoherson,“Don’ttouchmycomputer.”→Thewomantoldhersonnottotouchhercomputer.3．“CanIuseyourdictionary？”Tonysaid.→Tonyaskedmetousemydictionary.4．“Geteverythingreadyintwohours，”thebosssaidtous.→Thebossorderedustogeteverythingreadyintwohours.5．Mumsaidtous,“Don’twastewaterorelectricityanylonger.”→Mumwarnedusnottowastewaterorelectricityanylonger.6．Petersaidtome,“Wouldyoupleasehelpmewiththemathsquestionnow？”-4-→Peteraskedmetohelphimwiththemathsquestionthen．7．Theteachertoldhisstudentsnottowastetimeonthoseuselessthings.→Theteachersaidtohisstudents,“Don’twastetimeontheseuselessthings.”8．Martinaskedhisfriendtogotothelibrarywithhimthenextday.→Martinsaidtohisfriend，“Let’sgotothelibrarytomorrow．”9．Henryaskedmetojoinadanceclubwithhimintwodays’time.→Henryasked,“Couldyoujoinadanceclubwithmethedayaftertomorrow？”10．Myfathertoldusnottomakethesamemistakethenexttime.→Myfathersaidtous,“Don’tmakethesamemistakenexttime.”Ⅱ阅读理解AHaveyoueverthoughtofgettingawayfromthepresentlifeanddoingsomethingcompletelydifferent?Well,herearesomepeoplewhohavedonejustthat.BacktothelandInhisearlyforties,PeterVanDerGrootwasasuccessfulsalesman.Hehadalargebeautifulhome.ButPeterworkedlonghours,andhesawlittleofhishomeandfamily.Heenjoyedhisjob,buthewasnevertheretoseehischildrengrowingup.Thenlastyear,thefirm(公司)heworkedforcloseddown,and,unexpectedly,Peterhadthechancetodosomethingdifferent.SoPeterandhisfamilysoldtheirhouseinLondonandmovedtothecountryside.Theyboughtasmallerhousewithsomeland.Today,Peterismorerelaxed.Hespendstimewithhischildren,andhehasseenthemchangeintohealthy,happykids.He’sstartedworkingonhisland,growingfruitandvegetables.Nowheandhisfamilyhaveacommon,butcomfortablelife.LifeinthesunHusbandandwifeRobandMandaBrentusedtobeteachers,buttheyhavebothgive