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-1-SectionⅡIntegratingskills&Developingideas重点单词基础词汇1.skinn.皮肤2.cheekn.面颊，脸颊3.joggingn.慢跑锻炼4.slimadj.苗条的，修长的5.seriesn.系列比赛6.ontoprep.到……上，向……上，朝……上7.trackn.跑道8.brotherlyadj.情同手足的，兄弟的9.median.新闻媒体，传媒10.obviouslyadv.明显地，显而易见地11.despiteprep.尽管，虽然12.throughoutprep.在整个期间，自始至终13.enormouslyadv.非常，极其14.millionnum.百万15.opinionn.意见，看法16.disqualifyv.(因犯规而)取消……的资格17.athleten.运动员，田径运动员18.medaln.奖牌，勋章拓展词汇19.unexpectedadj.想不到的，意外的→expectv．期待；预料，预期→expectationn．期待，期望20.argumentn．争论，争吵→arguev．争论，争吵21.entireadj.全部的，整个的→entirelyadv.全部，整个22.positiveadj.好的，积极的→negativeadj.消极的；否定的23.aimv．力求达到n．目的；目标→aimlessadj.无目的的重点短语-2-1.inthelead领先2.introuble有麻烦3.nowandthen不时地4.behighlypraisedfor由于……受到高度赞扬5.nolonger不再6.aimfor力求达到；计划，打算7.agreewith同意；赞同8.sharesth.withsb.同某人分享某物重点句型1.with＋宾语＋宾语补足语：Withjust700metrestogo(只剩下700米未跑完时),AlistairBrownleewasinthirdplaceandhisyoungerbrother,Jonny,wasinthelead.2．since引导时间状语从句：TheBrownleebrothershavebeendoingtriathlonssincetheywerechildren(当他们还是孩子的时候)．3．虚拟语气：Mumwouldn’thavebeenhappy(不会开心)ifI’dleftJonnybehind.ReadthepassageonPage32carefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1．Whatcanweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A．AlistairBrownleehadtobepushedbyothersintherace.B．Jonnywasfasterthanhisbrotherbeforefallingdown.C．Itwasextremelyhotthedaythetriathlonwasheld.D．Alistairfoundithardtochoosewhethertohelphisbrotherornot.2．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?A．Alistairwasthefirstcrossingthefinishline.B．JonnypushedAlistairoverthefinishline.C．AlistairhelpedJonnybecomeawinner.D．Alistairwasproudofhisownmove.3．WhydoesAlistairthinkthathavingabrotheris“anadvantage”？A．Becausehecan’tleavehisbrotherwhentheytrain.B．Becausehelikesarguingwithhisbrotheroverstupidthings.C．Becausehisbrothersetshimagoodexampletolearnfrom.D．Becausehisbrothercanbringhimpositiveforceineverything.4．FromAlistair’sexplanationforhisdecision,weknowthat________．A．AlistairisafraidofhismotherB．Alistairreallytreatedhimselfasabrother-3-C．Alistair’smotherloveshisbothermorethanhimD．Alistairdidn’tlikeothers’opinionsonhisactions答案：1－4.BCDBinthelead领先(教材P32)Withjust700metrestogo,AlistairBrownleewasinthirdplaceandhisyoungerbrother,Jonny,wasinthelead.只剩下700米未跑完时，阿里斯特尔·布朗利处于第三的位置，他的弟弟乔尼处于领先位置。takethelead占主要地位，领先，带头leadahappy/quietlife过幸福/宁静的生活leadto导致；通向leadsb.tosomeplace带领某人去某个地方①Numberfiveisinthelead,anditlookslikeheisgoingtowin.现在领先的是五号，看样子他会一举夺冠。②Thereisnodoubtthatstresscanleadtophysicalillness.毫无疑问，心理压力会导致生理疾病。③Theinventionofthenewtypeofmachineledtohim/hiswinning(win)theprize.这种新型机器的发明使他赢得了这个奖。④Couldyoudomeafavorandleadmetothebusstation?你能帮个忙带我去公共汽车站吗？despiteprep.尽管，虽然(教材P33)Despiteargumentsover“stupidthings”nowandthen,Alistairagreesthathavingabrotherisanadvantage.尽管他们时不时会为了一些无聊的事情争论一番，阿里斯特尔还是认为有个弟弟是一件好事。(1)despite＝inspiteof尽管despite/inspiteofthefactthat...尽管事实上……(2)regardlessof不管，不顾①(山东卷)Inspiteof/Despitemanyinvitations,hewouldalwaysdeclinetovisitOxford.尽管多次受到邀请，他还是拒绝去牛津。-4-②Hecouldn’tseewhatwashappeninginsidethecrowd,despitejumping(jump)upwardshard.尽管他使劲向上跳，他依然看不到人群中发生了什么事。③Theywillcarryouttheplan,regardlessofwhathappens.不管发生什么，他们都将完成这个计划。despite(＝inspiteof)为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词作让步状语，不接从句(what从句除外)；而though/although是从属连词，引导让步状语从句。④(湖北卷)Although/Thoughheisknowntoonlyafewpeoplehere,hisreputationabroadisverygreat.虽然这里只有几个人知道他，但他在国外的名气却很大。aimvi.以……为目标；打算；意欲；力求达到n．[C]目标，目的；[U]瞄准，对准(教材P33)Atthatmoment,hewasnolongeranathleteaimingforamedal—hewasjustabrother.那时，他不再是一名力求奖牌的运动员——他只是一个哥哥。(1)aimtodosth.＝aimatdoingsth.目标是……；旨在做……，力争做……aimsth.at...把某物瞄准……(2)takeaimatsth.瞄准/对准某物(3)achieve/realizeone’saim实现某人的目标withtheaimof为了……(4)aimlessadj.漫无目的的①Heaimedhisgunatthebird,firedbutmissedit.他用枪瞄准那只鸟，开火却未打中。②Thelittleboyaimedtoclimb(climb)uptothetopofthehill,andatlastheachievedhisaim.这个小男孩力争要爬到山顶，而且最后他达到了自己的目标。③Hisbrotherstudiedhard,aiming(aim)atpassingthe2020CollegeEntranceExamination.为了通过2020年高考，他哥哥努力学习。④TheaimoftheChinaMannedSpaceProgramistoput(put)amanonthemoonby2036.-5-中国的载人航天计划的目标是到2036年时送一位宇航员登上月球。⑤Thebandistouringthecountrywiththeaimofpromotingthenewalbum.这支乐队在全国巡演，旨在宣传新专辑。[巧学活用]——句型转换(1)IaimtobeadoctorbythetimeIam25.→MyaimistobeadoctorbythetimeIam25.(2)Theaimofthismeasureistoreduceroadaccidents.→Thismeasureaimsatreducingroadaccidents.since引导时间状语从句(教材P33)TheBrownleebrothershavebeendoingtriathlonssincetheywerechildren.布朗利兄弟从孩童时起就一直进行铁人三项的训练。句中since引导时间状语从句时，表示“自从……以来多久了”，从句中的谓语动词多用一般过去时，而主句中的谓语动词多用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。(1)since的基本用法：①作副词，单独使用，在句中作时间状语；②作介词，后接表示时间的名词(短语)；③作连词，引导时间状语从句，从句通常用一般过去时。(2)since的常见句式：Itis/hasbeen＋一段时间＋since从句(常用过去时)．①Wehavenevermetsincewegraduatedfromthecollege.自从大学毕业后我们就再也没有见过面。②Helefthometwoweeksagoandwehaven’theardfromhimeversince.他两周前离家外出，我们至今还没有他的音信。③Theyhaven’tseen(notsee)eachothersincetheyquarreled.自从吵架后，他们就没再见过面。④(四川卷)Asisreported，itis100yearssinceQinghuaUniversitywasfounded.据报道，自清华大学建校以来已有一百多年了。Ⅰ品句填词1．Therehasbeenaseries(系列)ofactivitiescelebratingthe80thanniversaryofourschool.-6-2．Althoughwehavefreedomtoexpressouropinionsonsocialmedia(媒体),weshouldstillrespectthelaw.3．Itwascarelessofhimnottopickouttheobviously(明显地)wrongcharacters.4．Parentsjustlovetheirkidsdespite(不管)th