2019-2020学年新教材高中英语 UNIT 3 THE INTERNET Section Ⅲ D

-1-SectionⅢDiscoveringUsefulStructures现在完成时的被动语态1．(教材P28)Much_has_been_written(write)aboutthewondersoftheWorldWideWeb．2．(教材P28)ButtheInternethas_done(do)muchmoreforpeoplethansimplymakelifemoreconvenient．3．(教材P28)Manypeoplehave_been_helped(help)bytheclub．4．(教材P28)Shenolongerfeelslonely,andhercompany_has_become(become)quitesuccessful．5．(教材P32)TodayIthoughtI’dblogaboutaquestionthathas_been_asked(ask)manytimes—howdoyoustaysafeonlineandavoidbadexperiencesontheInternet?一、现在完成时的被动语态的结构肯定式主语＋have/hasbeendone．．．否定式主语＋have/hasnotbeendone．．．一般疑问式Have/Has＋主语＋beendone．．．？特殊疑问式疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋beendone．．．？◆Hehasbeenselectedtotakepartinthesportsmeeting．他已被挑选出来参加运动会。◆Theinkhasnotbeenremovedfromhisovercoat．墨迹还没有从他外套上去掉。◆Hasthedateforthenextmeetingbeendecided?下次会议的日期已确定了吗？◆Howlonghasthebatterynotbeenchanged?电池多久没有更换了？【即时演练1】——句型转换Thechildrenhavealreadybeentoldthegoodnews．①将上面的句子变为否定句。The_children_haven’t_been_told_the_good_news_yet．②将上面的句子变为一般疑问句。-2-Have_the_children_been_told_the_good_news_yet?③对上面句子中的Thechildren进行提问。Who_has_been_told_the_good_news_yet?二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法1．现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already,yet,just,never,recently等副词连用。◆Themachinehasalreadybeenrepaired．机器已经修好了。2．表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“Howlong．．．？”句型中。◆Financialproblemsofthecompanyhavebeendiscussedfornearlytwohours．公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时了。◆Howlonghasthisfilmbeenshown?这部电影已放映多长时间了？3．用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。◆Youshouldn’tleaveschoolbeforeyourhomeworkhasbeenfinished．在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：already已经yet已经recently/lately最近sincethen从那时起eversince自那以来ever曾经sofar迄今为止bynow到现在为止foralongtime很长一段时间inrecentyears在最近几年里in/during/overthepast/lastyears在过去的几年里【即时演练2】(1)用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子①Jack’sbosshasalwayspraisedhimforhisdevotiontowork．→Jackhas_always_been_praisedbyhisbossforhisdevotiontowork．②Theyhavefoundagoodplacetobuildatempleinthevillage．→Agoodplacehas_been_foundtobuildatempleinthevillage．-3-③Wehaven’tyetdecidedhowtosolvethatdifficulttechnologicalproblem．→Howtosolvethatdifficulttechnologicalproblemhasn’t_been_decidedyet．(2)完成句子④当我的家庭作业完成时我就回家。Iwillgohomewhenmyhomeworkhas_been_finished．⑤纸币已被使用了1000多年了。Papermoneyhas_been_usedforoveronethousandyears．(1)只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。◆Hisbosshasalreadypunishedhim．→Hehasalreadybeenpunished(byhisboss)．(2)带有双宾语的动词，如give,send,bring,take,teach,show,tell,make,sing,write,read,sell,buy,pay,lend,pass,promise等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。◆Hegavethelittlegirlanapple．→Thelittlegirlwasgivenanapple(byhim)．→Anapplewasgiventothelittlegirl(byhim)．【即时演练3】——将下面句子变为被动语态①Ihaveaskedhertohelpyou．→She_has_been_asked_to_help_you．②Wehaveplantedmanytreesonthehillinthelast5years．→Many_trees_have__been_planted_on_the_hill_in_the_last_5_years．③Hehassentmeane­mail．→I_have_been_sent_an_e­mail．→An_e­mail_has_been_sent_to_me．Ⅰ单句语法填空1．Agreatmanymachineshave_been_produced(produce)bythefactorysincethetechnologicalrevolution．2．Greatchangeshave_taken(take)placeinmyhometownandalotoffactorieshave_been_set(set)upinthepasttenyears．3．Inthelastfewyears,thousandsoffilmshave_been_produced(produce)allover-4-theworld．4．Uptonow,alotofhigh­risebuildingshave_been_built(build)inourcity．5．Overthepastthreeyears,morethan$10millionhas_been_spent(spend)carryingouttheproject．6．Therobotshave_been_used(use)tohelphumansdosomedangerousworksincethelate1990s．7．TheEnglishsonghas_been_sung(sing)formanyyears,butwestilllikeit．8．ProfessorYanghas_been_invited(invite)tothefilmfestivaltwicesofar．9．OvertimeIhave_been_changed(change)quitealot．10．Ithas_been_used(use)inofficesandhomessincethe1970s．Ⅱ句型转换1．WehavesentsomerocketstospacetoexploretheMoonandMars．Somerocketshave_been_senttospacebyustoexploretheMoonandMars．2．RoberthasboughtaniPhoneusinghisownmoney．AniPhonehas_been_boughtbyRobertusinghisownmoney．3．Thefamouscompanyhasgiventhecomputersawaytothosehighschools．Thecomputershave_been_given_awaytothosehighschoolsbythefamouscompany．4．Thelocalgovernmenthaschosentheuniversitytoorganisethetrainingcourse．Theuniversityhas_been_chosenbythelocalgovernmenttoorganisethetrainingcourse．5．Theyhaven’ttoldmethatthemeetingwillbeputoffuntilnextFriday．Ihaven’t_been_toldthatthemeetingwillbeputoffuntilnextFriday．6．Peopleusebambooinmanydifferentwaysforthousandsofyears．Bamboohas_been_usedinmanydifferentwaysforthousandsofyears．Ⅰ单句语法填空1．Morethan50，000yuanhas_been_raised(raise)forthepoorfamilysincethegroupwasfounded．2．China’sspaceprogramhas_been_developed(develop)greatlysinceitsentitsfirstastronauttospacein2003．3．Computerscience,withwhichrapidprogresshas_been_made(make)inrecentyears,playsaveryimportantpartinourdailylife．4．Uptonow,morethanfivenewspecieshave_been_found(find)onthisislandbyresearchers．-5-5．BlackFridayhas_been_regarded(regard)asthebeginningoftheholidayshoppingseasonforyears．6．Sincetheearly1990s,alotofclinicshave_been_founded(found)inthiscountrytotreatpoorpeopleforfree．7．Thebalancebetweenthecityandthecountryhas_been_broken(break)bytheindustrialdevelopmentoverthepasttwocenturies．8．Someeffortswere_made(make)toimp