-1-2.简单句的五种基本句式一主语+谓语(不及物动词)该句式常用来表示主语的动作或状态。其特点为:句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思,这类动词称为不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。①AndIcanplayoutsidetoo!我也可以在外面玩。②Bathedinthesunshine,wejumpedandcheeredwithjoy.沐浴在阳光中,我们高兴地欢呼雀跃。即时练1[单句写作]①在这种环境下,师生们生活快乐,工作努力。Underthecircumstances,teachersandstudents___________________________.②龙舟训练营将于7月20号开始。TheDragonBoatTrainingCamp__________________________.③因此,这种新鞋最近问世了。Therefore,________________________________________recently.答案:①arelivinghappilyandworkinghard②willopenonJuly20th③thisnewkindofshoeshascomeintobeing二主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语该句式特点为:谓语动词均为实义动词,都是主语发出的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟一个宾语(宾语可以由名词、代词、动名词、不定式等来充当),即动作的承受者,才能表达完整的意思。①Asweallknow,Chinese_papercuttinghasalonghistoryofover1,500years.众所周知,中国剪纸有1,500多年的悠久历史。②Iplantofindaparttimejobinaforeigncapitalcompany.我计划在一家外资公司里找一份兼职工作。③Iappreciatedmymathsteacher'spraiseandencouragementverymuch.我非常感谢我的数学老师的表扬和鼓励。即时练2[单句写作]①最后,我们应该经常参加运动和户外活动。Finally,______________________________frequently.②十二岁时,我得到了一辆漂亮的自行车作为生日礼物。Attheageoftwelve,I______________________.答案:①weshouldtakepartinsportsandoutdooractivities②gotanicebike-2-asabirthdaygift三主语+系动词+表语该句式就是常说的主系表结构。此句式侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样,谓语动词需用系动词(主要是be动词),表语多为形容词,也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式、动名词等。①A_wide_range_of_papercuttingsareonshow.大量的剪纸在展览。②Thisissurelyagoodchanceformorepeopletoseethem.对于更多的人来说,这确实是观看它们的一次好机会。③The_“Foreign_Cultures”_sectioninournewspaperisverypopularamongusstudents.我们报纸的“外国文化”栏目非常受我们学生的欢迎。即时练3[单句写作]①在我看来,一个没有朋友的人永远不会幸福。Inmyopinion,apersonwithoutfriends____________________.②现在,在中学里,课外活动正变得越来越受欢迎。Nowadays,afterschoolactivitiesarebecoming__________________inhighschools.答案:①willneverbehappy②moreandmorepopular四主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语该句式中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语;一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般间接宾语在前面,直接宾语在后面。①Now,onbehalfofmyschoolmates,Iwishyouasafereturn.现在,我代表我的校友们,祝愿你们一路平安。②Atthesametime,parentsaregivingtheirchildrentoomuchprotection.同时,父母给孩子的保护太多了。即时练4[单句写作]①格林先生将就如何学好英语给我们做一次演讲。MrGreenwill______________________onhowtolearnEnglishwell.②幸运的是,她答应给我一个重新面试的机会。Fortunately,________________________tobeinterviewed.③它给像你我这样的青少年提供了一个享受运动和学习中国文化的机会。It__________________________toenjoysportsandlearnaboutChineseculture.答案:①giveusaspeech②shepromisedmeanotherchance③offersteenagerslikeyouandmeachance-3-五主语+谓语及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语该句式中的谓语虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来说明宾语,才能使意思完整。宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的情况的,直接跟在宾语之后。宾补可以由名词、形容词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语等来充当。①Infact,heinspiresmetomajorinEnglishincollege.事实上,他激励我在大学主修英语。②Your_contributionwillcertainlymaketheeventahugesuccess.你们的贡献将会使得这次活动获得巨大成功。即时练5[单句写作]①作为一名中学生,我认为英语是一门非常重要的科目。Asahighschoolstudent,______________________________.②从古代起,人们就把早起视为好习惯。People________________________sinceancienttimes.答案:①IconsiderEnglishaveryimportantsubject②haveregardedgettingupearlyasagoodhabit[过关练]Ⅰ.用简单句翻译下列各句,并写出所属的基本句式1.我是一名美国学生,名叫吉姆。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案:IamanAmericanstudent,Jim.(主语+系动词+表语)2.上周我和家人在北京参观了许多名胜。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案:LastweekIvisitedmanyplacesofinterestwithmyfamilyinBeijing.(主谓+谓语+宾语)3.在我参观期间,我在北京饭店(BEIJINGHOTEL)住了五天。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案:Duringmyvisit,IstayedattheBEIJINGHOTELforfivedays.(主语+谓语)4.这个旅馆给我们提供了很好的服务。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-4-答案:Thehotelofferedusgoodservice.(主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语)5.他们总是将房间保持得很整洁。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案:Theyalwayskeeptheroomscleanandtidy.(主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语)6.外国游客住在那里很方便。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案:Itisveryconvenientforforeignvisitorstostaythere.(主语+系动词+表语,it作形式主语)Ⅱ.适当添加细节将Ⅰ中的6个句子合并成一篇短文________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案:IamanAmericanstudentwhosenameisJim.LastweekIwenttoBeijingandvisitedmanyplacesofinterestwithmyfamily.Duringmyvisit,IstayedattheBEIJINGHOTELforfivedays,whichofferedusgoodservice.Andtheyalwayskeeptheroomscleanandtidy.What'smore,witheverythinglabeledinbothEnglishandChinese,itisveryconvenientforforeignvisitorstostaythere.Iwasdeeplytouchedbythis.