1二、书信书信是人们进行书面交流的文体,主要包括私人信件和公务信函。英文书信大致分为私人信件(Personalletter)和业务信件(Businessletter)两类,前者通常指私人之间来往的信件;后者指单位与单位或单位与个人之间因接洽工作而来往的信件,主要包括商业信函、求职信、推荐信、感谢信、请柬等。英文书信格式通常包括以下六个部分:信头、信内地址、称呼、正文、结束语和签名。正文的内容可以是记述一件事情、讨论一些问题、说明某个事理、解释某个原因等,究其实质,就是记叙文、说明文、议论文在实际生活中的应用。1.书信常用开头语(1)ThankyouforyourletterdatedJuly2.感谢你7月2日的来信。(2)I’mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhowto...很高兴收到你询问我关于如何(做、学……)的信。(3)WeareplanningtovisitthenursinghometocelebrateChongyangFestivalandwe’dliketoinviteyoutojoinus.我们正计划去敬老院庆祝重阳节,诚心邀请你(们)加入。(4)WhatatreattoreceiveyourkindletterofMay5th!收到你5月5日的来信真是一件乐事!(5)Itisalwaysathrilltoseeyournicehandwriting.看到你隽秀的字迹总是让我兴奋不已。(6)WithgreatdelightIlearnfromyourletterofthisSundaythat...从你这个周日的来信中我很高兴地得知……(7)Iamverymuchpleasedtoinformyouthat...我很高兴地通知你……(8)Howiseverythingwithyoulately?最近一切可好?(9)Iwishtoapplyfortheteachingpositionyouareoffering.我想申请你们提供的教师职位。(10)Thankyouforyourwarmcongratulations.感谢你们的热烈祝贺。2.信中语(1)tellsb.todosth.告诉某人做某事2(2)getinformationabout...得到关于……的信息(3)inaddition并且;除此以外(还有)(4)explainsth.tosb.向某人解释某事(5)writesb.alettersaying...给某人写信说……(6)thanksb.for...感谢某人……(7)hearfromsb.收到某人的来信(8)talkabout/ofsth.谈论某事(9)apartfromtheabove除了上述以外(10)what’smore而且;此外3.结束语(1)Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.期盼尽快收到你的回复。(2)Hopingtohearfromyousoon.希望尽快收到你的回复。(3)I’mexpectingyouranswer!期盼您的回复!(4)Yourearlyreplywillbehighlyappreciated.如蒙早日回复,将不胜感激。(5)Anyotherparticularswantedweshallbepleasedtosendyou.如需其他详情,当欣然奉告。(6)Ifyouagreewithme,pleasecallmeat2856688.如果你同意我的意见,请拨打2856688。(7)PleaseletmeknowifyouareinterestedandifyouhaveanyotherquestionI’dbehappytohelp.如果您感兴趣,请让我知道,如果您有其他任何问题,我将乐意帮助您。(8)Ihopeyoucanenjoyyourself.希望你能玩得开心。(9)Pleaseacceptmysinceregratitude!请接受我诚挚的谢意!(10)Thankyouforyourtimeandkindconsideration.多谢你能抽出时间给予善意的考虑。1(建议信)建议信是写信人向收信人对某事提出的建议和忠告。建议信可能是写给个人,也可能是写给3某个组织或机构,信的内容要包括写信的原因、建议的内容和提出建议的理由。建议信要写得简明扼要、目的明确、具有合理性和说服力。1.写作思路:写作目的→提出建议→希望采纳2.注意事项:客观地反映问题,诚恳地提出建议,时态以一般现在时为主。(2017·北京)你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行,有两条线路可以选择:“长江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim来信希望你能给些建议。请你给他回信,内容包括:1.你建议的线路;2.你的理由;3.你的祝愿。注意:1.词数不少于50;2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。DearJim,Yours,LiHua参考范文DearJim,I’mhappytoreceiveyourletterandknowyou’recomingtoChina.OfthetwotripstotheYangtzeRiverandMountTai,botharehighlyrecommended.Personally,IprefertheonealongtheYangtze,thelongestriverandoneofthemotherriversofChinesecivilization.YoucanlearnalotaboutthehistoryofChinaandChinesepeople.Moreover,thesceneryalongtheriverisamazing,withmanywellknownsightseeingspots.That’swhyIthinkthetripalongtheYangtzewillbeabetterchoice.Hopeyou’llhaveagoodtimeinChina.Yours,LiHua2(申请信)申请信的种类繁多,包括职位申请信、报考申请信、留学申请信等。写申请信应注意言简意4赅,语气诚恳礼貌,避免夸张。时态以一般现在时为主。假定你是李华,将于今年七月从新星外语学校毕业。你从报纸上得知B&B公司要招聘一名英文秘书,你很感兴趣。请你给该公司写一封求职信,包括下列要点:1.年龄;2.学习情况及英语水平;3.兴趣和特长;4.性格特点。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。DearSir/Madam,IlearnedfromthenewspaperthatyourcompanyneedsanEnglishsecretary.I’mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Sincerelyyours,LiHua参考范文DearSir/Madam,IlearnedfromthenewspaperthatyourcompanyneedsanEnglishsecretary.I’mreallyinterestedinthispositionandIhopeIcanworkforyou.I’m20yearsoldandwillgraduatefromXinxingForeignLanguagesSchoolthisJuly.I’manexcellentstudent,amongthetopfiveinmyclassof50students.I’mgoodatEnglish,especiallyspokenEnglish.IoftenusethecomputerandItypeveryfast.Inmysparetime,Ireadalot.Poemsaremyfavourite.Ienjoymusicverymuchtoo.Beinganactiveyoungperson,Ilikesportsandoutdooractivities.Besides,I’measytogetalongwithandIliketomakefriends.Igreatlyappreciateanyofyourfavourableconsiderationofmyapplication.I’mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Sincerelyyours,LiHua53(投诉信)投诉信用于写信人对某项服务或某个产品表达不满,经常发生在自己作为消费者利益受损或者自己的正常工作、学习、生活受到干扰的情况下,写信时语气要冷静、有礼,陈述事实要客观、准确,信中需明确提出解决方式并表达期待尽快解决的心情。假如你是李华,乘飞机从北京到伦敦旅行。到达目的地取行李时你发现行李箱破损,部分物品遗失。你与相关人员交涉无果,于是打算向航空公司写一封投诉信。内容主要包括:1.说明个人相关信息(航线:航班MMYZ577;时间:August28);2.反映情况;3.希望尽快得到解决。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。DearSir/Madam,Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply!Yours,LiHua参考范文DearSir/Madam,I’maChinesepassengerwhotookyourFlightMMYZ577fromBeijingtoLondononAugust28.I’mwritingtocomplainforthefollowingreasons,hopingforyourtimelysolving.MyluggagebagwasbrokenwhenIgotitattheairport.Andsomeofthearticleswerelost,amongwhichwasapairofprecioussportsshoes.Whatwasworse,Ireportedittosomeofthestaffondutybutgotnosatisfyingresults,withwhichI’vebeensounhappy.Ijustcan’timaginehowacompanywithagoodreputationcandosuchathing!Idohopeyou’lltakeitseriouslyandgetitsettledassoonaspossible.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply!Yours,LiHua4(求助信)6写求助信时,要清晰地陈述请求的内容,提出的问题数量不宜过多,要便于回答,内容简明扼要,语气委婉真诚,尽量提供足够的信息。(2016·全国Ⅰ)假定你是李华,暑假想去一家外资公司兼职,已写好申请书和个人简历(resume)。给外教MsJenkins写信,请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式(format)。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考范文DearMsJenkins,IwanttotellyousomethingaboutmyplanforthecomingsummervacationandI’mwritingtoaskyouforsomehelp.Inordertoearnsomeextramoneyandreducemyfamily’sburden,I’dliketogotoaforeigncapitalcompanytofindaparttimejob.I’vefinishedtheapplicationformandpersonalresume.ButI’mnotsureiftheyarewrittenwellenoughtocatchtheireye.Pleaserefertotheattachmentswhichincludetheapplicationformandresume.Youcancorrectanymistak