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-1-Unit6Earthfirst科学家警告：北极海冰的加速融化会造成不可控制的全球气候变化。MeltingArcticSeaIceCouldStartUncontrollableGlobalClimateChangeTherapidmeltingoftheArcticseaicecouldbeabouttobringaboutcatastrophic(灾难性的)eventsacrosstheworld,scientistshavewarned.TheeffectsofthemeltingicecouldbefeltasfarawayastheIndianOceanasthewarmweathersetsoff19globaltippingpoints(临界点),accordingtothenewArcticResilienceReport.Thosetippingpointshappenwhenanaturalsystemquicklychanges,leadingtogreateffectsonnearbyecosystemsthatmightneverbereversed(彻底转变)．IntheArctic,theyincludegrowingvegetationthatstopssnowandiceandsoabsorbsmoreheat,andthereleaseofmethane(甲烷)fromtheArcticasitwarms.Thereportincludesarangeofdifferentdisastrouseventsthatarelikelytobeproducedbythewarmingpoles.ThefindingscomejustasclimatescientistshavewarnedthatseaiceintheArcticappearstobemeltingfarmorequicklythanexpectedastheresultofhightemperatures.AiroverthePolaricecaphasbeen9－12degreesCelsiusaboveaverageoverthelastfourweeks,accordingtotheDanishMeteorologicalInstitute(DMI)．Throughlastweek,temperaturesreachedmeltingpoint,puttingthemfarabovetheexpectedtemperatureandservingasadangeroussignalfortheseaicethere.Thetemperatureis“byfarthehighestrecorded”，DMIresearcherMartinStendeltoldtheAFP.“Whatweareobservingisveryunusual.”Atthistimeofyear,theArcticOceanwouldbeexpectedtostartfreezingupintoseaiceagain.Butitisn’thappening.“Notonlywastheicenotgrowingasitwouldnormally,therewasfurthermelting-2-duetowarmaircomingin，”hetoldthenewsagency.Thateffectisbeingcausedbyanumberoffactors—notonlyclimatechange,butalsotemporaryweatherphenomenalikeElNiño.Butthosetemporary(短暂的)thingsarebeingstrengthenedbyclimatechange,whichisthefinaldriverofthemeltingseaice,scientistssaid.SectionⅠStartingout&Understandingideas重点单词阅读词汇(在不认识的单词前划√)□sharkn．□divev.写作词汇1.targetv.把……作为目标2.attitude__n.(尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法，态度拓展词汇3.scareadj.使(某人)惊恐，吓唬→scaredadj.对……感到惊慌的；吓坏了的4．fortunatelyadv.幸运地→fortunateadj.幸运的；吉祥→fortunen．幸运；运气5.extinctionn．灭绝，绝种→extinctadj.绝种的；消亡了的重点短语1.in__fear恐惧，担心2．tell__the__story__of讲述……的故事3．be__scared/frightened__of/afraid__of害怕……4．due__to由于，因为5．cut__off切断；阻断；隔绝6．have__an__effect__on/upon对……有影响7.be__based__on以……为基础/依据8．come__across偶遇9．see...as...把……看作……10．from...on从……时起11．by__mistake错误地；疏忽地12．protect...from...保护……免受……13．raise__awareness__of...提高对……的认识-3-重点句型1.形容词(短语)作状语：Somepeoplestoppedswimminginthesea,afraid__of__the__horrible__creature__from__the__film(由于害怕电影里可怕的生物)．2．was/weredoing...when...：In1980,Benchleywas__diving__when(正在潜水就在这时)hecameacrossanawfulsight.3．部分否定：Fortunately,not__everyone(并非每个人)whowatchedthefilmJawsbecameafraidofsharks—somebecameinterestedinunderstandingthem.ⅠReadthetextandfillintheblanks.BeforethefilmJaws↓Peoplehadalongheldideathatthegreatwhitesharkis1.____________．AfterthefilmJaws↓Peoplebecamemore2.____________ofsharks.Thenumberoflargesharksfellquicklyduetofearofsharksand3.____________．In1980↓PeterBenchleyadmittedthathisbookwas4.____________aboutsharks’behaviour.Today↓Morepeoplewantto5.____________thesharksfromextinction.答案：1.dangerous2.scared3.finning4.wrong5.protectⅡReadthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestansweraccordingtothetext.1．Whatisthewriter’spurposeofwritingthepassage?A．TorecommendthefilmJawsandthebooktopeople.B．TocriticizePeterBenchley’smisleadingdescriptionofsharks.C．Toraisepeople’sawarenessofsharkprotection.D．Toinformpeoplethatsharksaredangerous.2．Accordingtothepassage,whichoneisWRONGaboutthefilmJaws?A．Awomandiedasaresultofashark’sattack.B．Itwaspopularwithhugeaudiences.C．Itchangedpeople’slongheldideaofsharkasadangerousanimal.D．Itwonagreatreputationinthefieldoffilm.-4-3．Whydidthenumberoflargesharksfallquickly?A．Becauseoftheclimatechange.B．Becauseofpeople’skillingandfinning.C．Becauseoflackingofenoughfood.D．Becauseofthepollutionoftheocean.4．Nowadays,whatispeople’sattitudetowardsprotectingsharks?A．Neutral.B．Indifferent.C．Disapproval.D．Favorable.答案：1－4.CCBDscarev．使(某人)惊恐；吓唬n．恐慌；恐惧(教材P62)Peoplehavealwaysbeenscaredofsharks,butJawsmadethingsworse.人们一直都害怕鲨鱼，但《大白鲨》使情况变得更糟。(1)scare...away/off把……吓跑(2)scaringadj.令人害怕的；吓人的scaredadj.对……感到惊慌的；吓坏了的bescaredof害怕……bescaredtodo...害怕做……；不敢做……①HissuddenappearancegavemeascarewhenIwasreadinganinterestingbook.我正在读一本有趣的书，他的突然出现吓了我一跳。②Lastnightthesuddenthunderscared(scare)thechildren.昨天晚上，突然的雷声吓着了那些孩子。③Theymanagedtoscarethebearaway/offwithatorch.他们设法用火把把熊吓跑了。④Havingmademistakes,heisscaredoffacinghisstrictteacher.他犯了错，不敢去面对严厉的老师。⑤Seeingmanycarsgoingupanddownthestreet,theboyswerescaredto__cross(cross)thestreet.看到马路上来来往往的车辆，那些男孩子不敢过马路。dueto由于；由……造成；应支付；归功于-5-(教材P62)Thiswasnotonlyduetofearofsharks,butalsofinning.这不仅是因为害怕鲨鱼，而且还因为鲨鱼的鳍。dueadj.应得的；应付的；预定的beduetosb.应付给某人beduetosb./sth.归因于某人/某物beduetodosth.预定/预期做某事①Theflightwasputoffduetotheheavyfog.这架班机因大雾停航。②Anymoneythatisduetoyouwillbepaidbeforetheendofthemonth.欠你的钱将在月底之前全部支付给你。③Thebuswasdueto__arrive(arrive)at5p．m.,butitarrivedonehourlateduetobeing__held(hold)upbytheheavyfog.公共汽车预计下午五点钟到达，但由于大雾的阻碍它晚了一个小时。[一词多义]——写出下列句中dueto的含义(1)Severaltrafficaccidentshappenedonthehighwayduetotheheavyfoginthemorning.因为(2)Themoneyisduetome,butIha