-1-SectionⅠPrereading(WarmingUp&Reading)课前预习自测简体英文诗人们写诗有着各种各样的理由。有些诗是为了叙事,或者说是描述某件事并给读者以强烈的印象。而有些诗则是为了传达某种感情。诗人用许多不同形式的诗来表达自己的情感。本文只谈了几种格式比较简单的诗。孩子们最早学习的英文诗是童谣。像(A)这首童谣至今仍然是常见的。童谣的语言具体但富有想象力,这能使小孩子们快乐,因为它们押韵,节奏感强,并有较多重复。童谣不一定有什么意义,甚至(有的)看来自相矛盾,但是它们容易学,也容易背诵。通过童谣中的文字游戏,孩子们学习了语言。A小宝宝,别说话,爸爸给你买个小嘲鸟。小嘲鸟,不会唱,-2-爸爸给你买个钻石戒。钻石戒,变成铜,爸爸给你买个小镜子。小镜子,打破了,爸爸给你买个小山羊。小山羊,跑掉了。爸爸今天再去给你买一只。像(B)和(C)这样的列举事物的清单诗是诗歌中最简单的一种。清单诗可长可短,可以重复一些短语,较为灵活,形成固定句型和诗的节奏。有些清单诗有韵脚(如B),但有一些没有(如C)。B我看到鱼塘在燃烧我看到鱼塘在燃烧,-3-我看到房子向地主哈腰。我看到人高一丈八,我看到茅屋在天郊。我看到气球用铅做,我看到棺材把死人抛。我看到两只麻雀在赛跑,我看到两匹马儿绣花包。我看到姑娘像只猫,我看到小猫戴花帽。我看到有人在一旁瞄,虽奇怪,但也把实情报。C我们的第一场球赛我们本来会得冠……如果杰克踢进了那个球,如果我们还有几分钟,如果我们训练得更严格,如果本把球传给了乔,如果有大批球迷助威,如果我死死盯住球,如果我们头晚不熬夜,如果我们没有放松警惕,如果我们没有精疲力竭,我们本来会得冠……如果我们能做得更好!-4-另外一种学生容易写的简体诗是由五行组成的,叫做五行诗。用五行诗,学生可以用少量的词语传递一幅动人的画面。请看D和E两个例子。D兄弟爱美,又爱运动爱闹,爱叫,又爱笑是我的朋友也是我的敌人E夏天困乏,咸涩干涸,枯萎,恐怖周而复始永无止境俳句诗是一种日本诗,由17个音节组成。它不属于英诗的传统形式,但是在用英语写作的人们中间,这种诗也是很流行的。它容易写,而且像五行诗一样,它可以用最少的词语呈现出一幅清晰的画面,表达出一种特殊的感情。(F和G)两首俳句诗就是从日文翻译出来的。F落下的花朵回到了树枝上。瞧啊,是个蝴蝶!(作者:Moritake)-5-G雪儿融化了,整个村庄充满着欢乐的儿童。(作者:Issa)你知道吗?说英语的人也喜欢其他类型的亚洲诗,尤其是中国的唐诗,许多唐诗已经被翻译成英文了。下面这首唐诗(H)就是从中文翻译过来的。H望夫石望夫处,江悠悠。化为石,不回头。山头日日风复雨,行人归来石应语。(作者:王健)有了这么多可供选择的诗歌类型,学生们最终也许想自己作诗了。写诗比你想象的要容易,绝对值得一试。课堂合作探究Whichpoemisaboutthingsthatdon'tmake_sense?(教材P9)哪首诗描述的是不合情理的事?makesense有意义;讲得通;有道理-6-①Itallstartedtomake_sense_to_livefreely.自由自在地生活开始变得有意义。②Helookedaroundtheroomwitha_sense_of_achievement.他带着一种成就感环顾房间。③In_no_sensedoIagreewiththissuggestion.我完全不同意这个建议。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空It________(make)goodsensetobuyalargepacketbecauseitwillworkoutcheaperintheend.答案:makes(2)单句写作①那对于我们而言会是个挑战,但绝非负面或者邪恶的东西。Thatisgoingtobeachallengeforustodealwithbutis________________negativeorevil.②你能理解他所说的吗?Canyou____________________whathesaid?③试图说服她改变主意已没有必要。Thereis________________persuadinghertochangeheridea.-7-答案:①innosense②makesenseof③nosensein课文预学检测Ⅰ.FastreadingReadthetextquicklyandthentrytowritedownthemainidea.Thepassagemainlytalksaboutseveral__________________.答案:formsofEnglishpoetryⅡ.CarefulreadingFillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.-8-1.________2.________3.________4.________5.________6.________7.________8.________9.________10.________1.common2.concrete3.learn4.List5.convey6.Japanese7.syllables8.popular9.minimum10.Tang课后演练提能[基础题]-9-Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Realgoodfriendsshouldsharehappinessand________(悲伤)aswell.答案:sorrow2.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Iputsomepine________(枝条)intothebaskettomakethisnestsafeandcomfortable.答案:branches3.Theworkwasdonewiththe________(最小的)amountofeffort.答案:minimum4.Weather________(模式)havechangedinrecentyears.答案:patterns5.Haveyougotany________(具体的)thoughtsonhowtodealwiththedifficulty?答案:concrete6.Therewasan________(无休止的)argumentatthemeeting.答案:endless7.Theydreamedofbuyingalittle________(小屋)inthecountry.答案:cottage8.Thegovernmentneedsamore________(灵活的)approachtoeducation.答案:flexible9.Helikes________(取笑)otherswhilehissisterdoesn't.答案:teasing10.Howdowe________(转化)onetypeoffiletoanother?答案:transformⅡ.单句语法填空1.Asweallknow,LiBaiwrotemanyfamous________(poet)allhislife.答案:poems2.Oureyesare________(sense)tobrightlight.答案:sensitive3.Herpoetryallhasthe________(rhyme)wordsattheendoflines.答案:rhyming4.Inthesilencewecouldheartheclock________(tick).答案:ticking5.Oureveryemotionandmoodcan________(convey)effectivelywiththeuseoffacialexpressionsandbodylanguage.答案:beconveyed-10-6.Weneedaforeignpolicythatis________(flexible)thanthisone.答案:moreflexible7.Thedoctortoldmetotake________easyforafewweeks.答案:it8.Thirtyboysandtwentygirlsmake________theclass.答案:up9.Foranartistwhohasnolackofpassion,inspirationsofhisartwillneverrun________.答案:out10.Theysetupmany________(branch)throughoutthecountry.答案:branches[能力题]Ⅰ.阅读理解(2019·南昌市重点中学高三年级段考试题)FollowingMoYan'sNobelPrize,theusuallysilentChineseliterarycirclegotwarmedupagain.AShanghaiwriternamedJinYuchengsurprisednearlyeveryonebymakinghisnewnovelfulloftheShanghaidialect(方言).Publishedin2012,the350,000wordBlossomsisanovelaboutthechangesinShanghaiover30years,drawingclearimagesofthecitythroughthestoriesofmanycommonpeople.Thereisnomainstorylikemostnovels,buteverystoryinitcouldrunindependently.WhilePutonghuaisthestandardchoiceforChineseliteraturetoday,Jin'suseoftheShanghaidialectappearsbothdifferentandbold.“Ihaveseentoomanynovelsthatlooksimilartoeachother.Chineseliteratureisgettingmonotonousbothinlanguageandform.Iwanttobespecialwithmyownlanguage,”JintoldtheGlobalTimes.Inthenovel,Jinmakesabreakthroughbymainlyusingdialoguestounfoldvariousplotsandrepresenttypicalcharactersonadailybasis.Healsoabandonstheuseofsomepunctuationlikequotationmarks(引号),showingareturntothetraditionalChinesehuaben(话本)genre.Sinceitspublication,thebookhasbeenwidelyrecommendedonSinaWeibowithmanynetizensratingthenovelhighforitsuniqueuseofthedialectandvividdescriptionoflifeusingplainspeech.JinsaidthathegottheideaofwritingthenovelwhilechattinginanonlineforumwherepeopleusetheShanghaidialect.Thepraisehereceivedfromthenetizens-11-encouragedhimtocontinuewritingtherandomstories.“I'dliketoseemorewriterstofollowmylead.Itwillenrichourliteratureandmakeitdiverse,”hesaid.篇章导读:本文是一篇说明文,讲述了上海作家金宇澄的小说《繁花》。1.Whatcanweknowfro