搜索
-1-SectionⅣLearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage课前预习检测单词识记1.tendency(n.)倾向；趋势→tend(vi.)趋向；易于2．widespread(adj.)分布广的；普遍的3．average(adj.)平均的4．existence(n.)生存；存在→exist(vi.)存在5．advocate(vt.)拥护；提倡；主张6．commitment(n.)承诺；交托；信奉→commit(vt.)承诺；保证7．pollution(n.)污染；弄脏→pollute(vt.)污染8．growth(n.)增长；生长→grow(v.)发展；生长9．electrical(adj.)电的；与电有关的→electricity(n.)电10．casual(adj.)随便的；漫不经心的；偶然的→casually(adv.)随意地；漫不经心地11．circumstance(n.)环境；情况12．refresh(vt.)使恢复；使振作→refreshing(adj.)令人耳目一新的；使人精力充沛的13．educator(n.)教育工作者；教育家→education(n.)教育；教育工作→educate(vt.)教育→educated(adj.)受过良好教育的；上过……学校的14．contribution(n.)贡献→contribute(vt.)贡献；奉献15．presentation(n.)显示；演出→present(vt.)提交；演出16．disagreement(n.)分歧；不一致→disagree(vi.)不同意→(反义词)agree(vi.)同意短语完形1.on_the_whole大体上；基本上2．on_behalf_of代表……一方；作为……的代言人3．put_up_with忍受；容忍4．so/as_long_as只要5．carry_out实施；执行6．and_so_on等等7．turn_up调高；开大；出现；到达8．as_well_as也；又；既……又9．have_an_effect_on对……有影响-2-10．make_a_difference有关系；有影响语篇理解根据课文内容填空1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________-3-9．________10.________答案：1.environmental2.improvements3.make4.greenhouse5.Turn6.Walk7.recycled8.energy9．trees10.global课堂合作探究TheLanguagePointsofLearningaboutLanguage1．On_the_wholethewarmingoftheearthisaphenomenonthatcausesgreatconcern.(教材P28)总的来说，地球转暖是一个引起广泛关注的现象。onthewhole大体上；基本上①On_the_wholeourstaytherewasquiteenjoyable.总的来说，我们在那儿待的时光是相当愉快的。②Wemustlookattheeducationalproblemas_a_whole.我们必须从整体的角度来看待教育问题。③Wewerethereforthe_whole_ofJuly.我们整个七月都在那里。【即景活用】单句写作①你在作文中犯了一些错误，但总的来说，你做得非常好了。Youhavemadeafewmistakesinyourcompositionbut______________youhavedonewell.②她妈妈整整住了一年院。Hermotherspent______________inhospital.答案：①onthewhole②thewholeyear2．Thegreenhouseeffectgivestheearth'ssurfacetheaveragetemperatureof15℃.(教材P29)温室效应给了地球表面15℃的平均温度。averageadj.平均的-4-①The_average_age_oftheUSsoldierswhofoughtintheVietnamWarwas19.参加越南战争的美国士兵平均年龄为19岁。②Wehavemanynewbooksinthelibraryandwehave_an_average_of8booksperstudent.图书馆有很多新书，平均每个学生8本书。③On_average,_Americanfirmsremainthemostproductiveintheworld.一般来说，美国公司在全世界范围内生产效率是最高的。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空Lastyearthenumberofstudentswhograduatedwithadrivinglicensereached200,000,________averageof40,000peryear.答案：an(2)单句写作①气温在接下来的三个月里可能高于平均水平。Temperatureswilllikelybe______________forthenextthreemonths.②平均来讲，男性仍比女性挣得多。____________，menstillearnmorethanwomen.答案：①aboveaverage②Onaverage3．Lowlyingcountriesfeeltheirveryexistenceisindangerfromrisingsealevels.(教材P29)地势低洼的国家感到他们的生存受到上升的海平面的威胁。existencen．存在；生存-5-①Thestorecame_into_existencemorethantenyearsago.这个商场十几年前就存在了。②Fishcan'texistwithoutwater.没有水，鱼就不能生存。【即景活用】单句语法填空①TheDepartmentthatyouarereferringtoisnot________existence.②Allourmarvelousandadvancedtechnologywouldnevercomeinto________(exist)onthisplanet.③Theycan'texist________themoneyhe'searning.答案：①in②existence③onTheLanguagePointsofUsingLanguage[第1段]1．Iamdoingaprojecton_behalf_ofmyschoolaboutglobalwarming.(教材P30)我正代表学校做一项关于全球变暖的课题研究。onbehalfof代表……一方；作为……的代言人①On_behalf_ofeveryonehere,mayIwishyouaveryhappyretirement.请允许我代表在座的各位祝你退休后生活愉快。②Thecompetitionattractedover500playersrepresenting8differentcountries.这次比赛吸引了代表8个不同国家的500多名运动员。【即景活用】-6-单句写作①他代表全体教职员工讲了话。Hespoke________________allthemembersofthefacultyandstaff.②今天总统不能来了，所以我将代表他讲话。ThePresidentcan'tbeheretoday,soI'mgoingtospeak________________.③这个公司的字头代表了其创始人吗？Dothecompany'sinitials____________itsfounders?答案：①onbehalfof②onhisbehalf③standfor2．However,Istillthinkpeopleshouldadvocateimprovementsinthewayweuseenergytoday.(教材P30)然而，我仍认为人们应该提倡改善当今能源的消耗方式。advocatevt.拥护；提倡；主张①Thereportadvocatedthatallbuildings(should)befittedwithsmokedetectors.报告主张所有的建筑物都应安装烟火探测器。②Manyexpertsadvocate_rewardingyourchildforgoodbehavio(u)r.很多专家主张对孩子的良好表现加以奖励。③Heisastrongadvocate_of/forprisonreform.他是监狱改革的坚持拥护者。【即景活用】单句语法填空①Manyexpertsadvocatethatchildren________(give)morefreetime.②Inthecollege,theprofessorhemetfirstwas________advocateoftruth.答案：①(should)begiven②an3．AsI'mnotsurewhere_to_start_withmyproject,Iwouldappreciateanysuggestionsyoumayhave.(教材P30)因为我还不清楚我该从哪里着手开始我的研究，所以我会感激你们的任何建议。疑问词(where)＋不定式结构-7-[剖析]本句使用了“疑问词＋不定式”结构。①Where_to_go_tomorrowhasnotbeendecided.明天到什么地方去尚未决定。②Afterthework,Idon'tknowwhat_to_donext.下班之后，我不知道接下来做什么。③Ihavenowayyetastohow_to_deal_withsuchacomplicatedsituation.这样复杂的局面该怎么应付我还没谱儿呢。④Ican'ttellmyparentsaboutit;Idon'tknowwho_to_turn_to(＝Idon'tknowwhoIshouldturnto)．我不能跟我的父母说这件事，我不知道该求谁。名师点津“疑问词＋不定式”结构相当于相应的疑问词引导的名词性从句。【即景活用】单句语法填空①Thelittleboywaswonderinghow________(solve)theproblem.②Jackdidnotknowwhere________(find)suchagoodteacher.答案：①tosolve②tofind[第2段]4．Together,individualscanmake_a_difference.(教材P30)众人拾柴火焰高。makeadifference有影响；有区别-8-①Withoutdoubt,hisdecisionwillmake_a_differencetohisfamily.他的决定无疑会对他的家庭产生重大影响。②Whetherheishereornotwillmake_no_differencetoourwork.他在不在对我们的工作没有影响。【即景活用】单句语法填空①Chinaisstrongenoughtomakeagreat________(differ)totheworld.②Icannevertellthedifference________thetwins.答案：①difference②between5．Wedonothavetoput_up_withpollution.(教材P30)我们不必去忍受污染。putupwith忍受；容忍-9-①Therearemanyinconveniencesthatyouhavetoput_up_withwhenyouarecamping.你在露营时必须忍受许多不便。②Oneshouldal