2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 1 Living with technology Sect

1Unit1Livingwithtechnology随着工业化的发展，机器人将被更加广泛地运用于生产和生活之中。让我们通过下面的这篇短文了解一下与机器人有关的基本知识吧！RobotFactsWhatarerobots?Theword“robot”comesfromtheCzechword“robota”whichmeans“forcedworkorlabor”.Weusetheword“robot”todaytomeananyman­mademachinethatcanperformworkorotheractionsnormallyperformedbyhumans.Whatdorobotsdo?Mostrobotstodayareusedtodojobsconsideredtoodangerousandboringforhumans.Theyarealsousedinfactoriestobuildthingslikecarsandelectronics.Somerobotsareevendesignedtoexploreunderwaterandotherplanets.Whyuserobots?Thereasonweuserobotsisthatitischeaper,easierandsometimestheonlywaythatwecangetthingsdone.Robotscanexplorevolcanoes,Marsandotherplacesthataretoodangerousforhumanstogo.Robotscanalsodoonethingoverandoveragainwithoutgettingbored.Anotherreasontouserobotsisthattheynevergetsickandtheydon’tneedtotakeadayoff.Whatarerobotsmadeof?Well,robotscanbemadefromavarietyofmaterialsincludingmetalsandplasticsandmostrobotsusuallyhaveatleast3mainparts：(1)Thecontroller,alsoknownasthe“brain”，whichisrunbyacomputerprogram;(2)Mechanical(机械的)partssuchasmotorsandwheelsthatmaketherobotmove;(3)Sensors(传感器)—totelltherobotaboutitssurroundings.Thesepartsworkingtogethercontrolhowtherobotoperates.Withoutthecontrolleror“brain”，motorsandsensors,robotswouldnotbeabletofunction.Robotlimitations(局限性).Unlikethoseinthemovies,robotsareunabletothinkormakedecisions;theyareonlytoolstohelpusgetthingsdone.Butwho2knowswhatrobotsmaybeabletodointhefuture.Maybeyouwilldesignthe“SuperRobot”oftomorrow.SectionⅠWelcometotheunit&Reading—WarmingUp[基础词汇]1．evolutionn．演变，发展；进化2．drawbackn.缺点，缺陷；不利条件3．principlen.原理，法则；道德原则，行为准则4．percentagen.百分率，百分比5．componentn.组成部分，成分，部件6．portableadj.便携式的，轻便的7．digitaladj.数字信息系统的，数码的，数字式的[拓展词汇]8．constructvt.制造；修筑，建造→constructionn.建造，修筑9．accessibleadj.可使用的；可接触到的；可到达的；易理解的→accessn.享用权，通道10．distributevt.使分布，分散；分发，分配；分销→distributionn.分发，分配11．eventuallyadv.最后，终于→eventualadj.最终的；可能的12．adaptationn.适应；改编本，改写本→adaptv.适应，改编→adaptableadj.能适应的13．scepticaladj.怀疑的→scepticallyadv.怀疑性地1．keepintouchwith与……保持联系2．contributeto导致；有助于，对……贡献3．inthedevelopmentof...在……的发展过程中4．incolor彩色的5．benefitfrom从……获益6．windup上发条7．alongwith和……一起，随着；除……以外8．keeppacewith与……齐步前进31．notuntil的强调句型JohnLogieBairdconstructedthefirstcolourTVin1928,butitwasnotuntil1938thatthefirstcolourTVprogrammewasbroadcast.约翰·洛吉·贝尔德于1928年制造出第一台彩色电视机，但直到1938年第一个彩色电视节目才播出。2．“花多少时间做某事”句型Ittookmorethantwodecades,though,until1951,forregularcolourTVbroadcaststobeginintheUSA.但是过了二十多年，直到1951年，彩色电视节目才开始定期在美国播出。3．with的复合结构SatellitesallowTVtobebroadcastliveovervastdistances,witheveryonereceivingthesamebroadcastatthesametime．卫星让远距离直播电视节目成为可能，大家在同一时间可以收看到相同的电视节目。4．when引导的非限制性定语从句Itallbeganin1877,whenThomasEdisonmadethefirstrecordingofahumanvoiceonhisinvention,therecordplayer.一切始于1877年，这一年托马斯·爱迪生用他发明的留声机第一次录制了人的声音。ⅠScanthetextandjudgethefollowingsentencesTrue(T)orFalse(F).1．ModernTVsusemanyprinciplesfirstdiscoveredbyJohnLogieBaird.()2．ColourTVbecamepopularwithinjustafewyearsafteritwasinvented.()3．SatellitesallowTVtobebroadcastliveovervastdistances.()4．TraditionalrecordsandcassettesdonotofferasgoodasoundqualityasCDs.()答案：1－4.FFTTⅡReadthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1．Accordingtothepassage,whatdothesixsubtitlesshowus?A．Thedifferentstagesofthedevelopmentofvideoandsounddevices.B．ThehistoryofTVandaudiodevices.C．Theoriginofvideoandsounddevices.D．Taperecordersandplayers.2．Howisthereadingpassagemainlyorganized?A．Itisorganizedinorderofplace.B．Itisorganizedinorderoftime.4C．Itisorganizedinorderofplot.D．Itisorganizedinorderofthecharacters.3．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．HowtouseTV,videoandsounddevices.B．Theevolutionofvideoandsounddevices.C．ThehistoryofTV.D．Thehistoryofsounddevices.4．Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage？(T＝title①＝subtitle1②＝subtitle2③＝subtitle3④＝subtitle4⑤＝subtitle5⑥＝subtitle6)答案：1－4.ABBCⅢAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentenceinthetext.TheyalsomakeTVaccessibletopeoplewholivefarawayfromcities,andsatellitedishescanoftenbeseendistributedthroughoutthecountrysideandremoteareas.本句是一个由并列连词and连接的并列句；第一个分句TheyalsomakeTVaccessibletopeople中makeTVaccessibletopeople是make＋宾语＋________结构；wholivefarawayfromcities是________从句，修饰先行词people；在第二个分句中，satellitedishes是句子的________，distributed是主语的补语，throughoutthecountrysideandremoteareas是介词短语作状语。[尝试翻译]它们也使____________可以收看电视，在____________经常可以看到分散的卫星天线。答案：宾补；定语；主语；远离城市的人们；农村和边远地区Theevolution①ofvideoandsounddevices②EarlyhistoryofTVThefirstpublicTVbroadcastsweremadeintheUSAin1925.Later,in1928,thefirstlong­distance③TVbroadcastwasmadebetweentheUKandtheUSA.Regular5publicbroadcastingfollowedshortlyafterwards④，firstbeginningon11May1928inNewYorkandon20August1929inLondon⑤.Manydifferentpeoplecontributedto⑥thedevelopmentofTV.MostearlyTVbroadcastsweremadeusingasystemdevelopedbyJohnLogieBaird⑦intheUK.However，hissystemwasveryprimitive⑧andhadmanydrawbacks⑨.AnAmerican，PhiloFarnsworth，madeimportantbreakthroughs⑩inthedevelopment⑪ofTVinthelate1920s⑫andearly1930s.ModernTVsusemanyoftheprinciples⑬firstdiscoveredbyFarnsworth.JohnLogieBairdconstructed⑭thefirstcolourTVin1928，butitwasnotuntil1938tha