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-1-SectionⅠListeningandSpeaking基础知识预习自检Ⅰ.重点词汇1．refervi.参考；提到→referencen.指称关系；参考2．speakvt.说→speakern.说话者3．Francen.法国→Frenchn.法语→Frenchmann.法国人4．Germanyn.德国→Germann.德语5．pronouncevt.发音→pronunciationn.发音6．refer_to指的是；描述；提到；查询7．neither...nor...既不……也不……8．pay_attention_to注意Ⅱ.教材原句1．Howmanylanguages____________(存在，有)intheworld？(教材P60)答案：arethere2．They'respokenby________________(大约28亿)people.(教材P60)答案：around2.8billion3．I'dliketo____________(学习俄语)soIcanhelphiminthefuture.(教材P61)答案：learnRussian4．Ilikewatching________________(日本卡通片),soI'dliketolearnJapanese.(教材P61)答案：Japanesecartoons5．____________(什么语言)doyouwanttostudy？(教材P61)答案：Whatlanguage6．Ithinkthat________________(法语)soundsbeautiful.(教材P61)答案：theFrenchlanguage7．DoyouwanttogotoFrance____________(将来有一天)？(教材P61)答案：someday8．Doyouknowthat________________(国际足联的全名)isinFrench？(教材P61)答案：FIFA'sfullname9．Thereisnoeggineggplantnorhaminhamburger:________________(既不是苹果也不是)pineinpineapple.(教材P61)答案：neitherapplenor-2-10．Englishmuffins________________(没有被发明)inEnglandorFrenchfriesinFrance.(教材P61)答案：weren'tinvented重点知识合作探究①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)...whichisoftenreferred_to_astheNobelPrizeinarchitecture...……通常被称为诺贝尔建筑奖……②Ifyoudon'tunderstandsomewords,youcanrefer_tothedictionary.如果你不懂一些单词，你可以查阅字典。③Shealwaysreferred_to_Ben_as“thatniceman”．她总是称本为“那个大好人”。④Keepthelistofnumbersnearthephoneforeasyreference.把电话号码表放在电话旁边，方便查阅。(1)单句语法填空①Inhisspeech,hereferred________arecenttriptoCanada.②Thereareseveral________(refer)bookswhichhavebeencompiledtohelpyoumakeyourchoice.答案：①to②reference-3-(2)单句写作①Thisparagraph________________(指的是)theeventsoflastyear.②我们分组讨论了有关阅读的以下问题。Wediscussedthefollowingquestionsinsmallgroupswith________________thereading.答案：①refersto②referenceto①Theirhouseisneither_big_nor_small.他们的房子不大也不小。②Neither_you_nor_I_amgoingtodoit.你和我都不打算做这件事。③Neither_did_Igotowatchthefootballmatchnor_did_Icareitsresult.我既没有去看那场足球赛，也不关心它的结果。名师点津连接并列的名词或代词作主语时谓语动词的数要遵循就近一致原则的词/词组还有：either...or...要么……要么……；notonly...but(also)...不仅……而且……；not...but...不是……而是……等。-4-(1)单句语法填空Neitherhisparentsnorhe________(know)anythingaboutit.答案：knows(2)句型转换Henrydoesn'tlikewatchingmovies.HisgirlfriendHelendoesn't,either.→________Henry________hisgirlfriendHelen________watchingmovies.答案：Neither;nor;likes学习效果随堂演练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．(2018·天津高考)Ihadtochangemy________(态度)abouttheirabilityandpotential.答案：attitude2．(2018·浙江高考)Americansusemorethan100________(十亿)thinfilmplasticbagseveryyear.答案：billion3．Whenwritingpapers,wehaveto________(查阅)toalotofreferencesconcerned.答案：refer4．Itwashisfirstvisittohis________(出生地的)countrysince1948.答案：native5．Idon'tknowhowto________(发音)thelongword.答案：pronounceⅡ.阅读理解(2018·河北邯郸五校联考)Manypeoplebelievethatyoulosetheabilitytolearnnewlanguagesasyougetolder.Languageexperts,however,willtellyouthatyou'renevertoooldtolearnanewlanguage.Asyougetolder,itcanbemoredifficulttolearnanewlanguage,though.-5-Childrenandadultslearnnewlanguagesindifferentways.Forchildren,languageistheirlife.Theystudyforthousandsofhourseveryyear,becausetheyneedtolearnlanguagestobecomepartoftheircommunities.Adults,ontheotherhand,arealreadypartofalanguagecommunity.Learninganewlanguagemeansbecomingpartofanotherlanguagecommunity,andadultsrarelygetthechancetopractiseasmuchasyoungchildrendo.Moreover,childrenlearninganewlanguageareexpectedtomakemistakes.Thisgivesthemfreedomwhenlearningtobedaringandconfident.Adults,however,oftenfeelpressuredtobeperfectwhenlearninganewlanguage.Thiscandiscouragemanypeopleandmakeitevenhardertolearnanewlanguage.Whenyoungchildrenlearnanewlanguage,theycometoseevariouslanguagesasa“normal”partofsociety.Thismindset(思维模式)helpsthemembracelearninganewlanguagewithoutfeelinglikethey'redoingsomethingunusualor“toohard”．Soifyouwanttolearnanewlanguage,goforit!It'snevertoolatetolearnanewlanguage.Ifyou'reolder,itmaytakemorework,butitcanbedone.Ifyou'reayoungchild,though,nowisthetimetostepoutandlearnanewlanguage！篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。通过对比成年人和儿童学语言的不同情况告诉大家无论什么时候学习一门新的语言都不晚。成年人和儿童都可以学习新的语言，但年龄越大，学习一门新的语言会越难。1．Bysaying“languageistheirlife”，theauthormeansthatchildren________.A．can'tlivewithoutlanguageB．leadahappylifeeverydayC．practiseanewlanguagealotD．aretakengoodcareofbyadults答案：C推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Theystudyforthousandsofhourseveryyear...”可知，他们每年要花费成千上万个小时学习语言，由此可以推知其意思是指儿童在学习新语言的时候进行了大量的语言练习。故选C项。2．Whatmaymakeithardfortheoldpeopletolearnanewlanguage?A．Theyareafraidofbeinglaughedat.B．Theyusuallyhavetoomanyinterests.C．Theythinkmakingmistakesisnatural.D．Theyalwaysmakedifferentkindsofmistakes.答案：A细节理解题。第三段最后一句“Thiscandiscouragemanypeopleandmakeitevenharder...”中的“This”指代上句“Adults,however,oftenfeelpressuredto-6-beperfectwhenlearninganewlanguage.”，由此可知，成年人学习语言的时候，往往因为追求完美而感到有压力，也就是说，成年人在学习语言时会担心受到嘲笑。故选A项。3．Whichofthefollowingshowsthedifferencebetweenchildrenandadultsinlearninganewlanguage?A．Thebehaviourtheyhave.B．Thelearningattitudes.C．Thefutureplanstheyhavemade.D．Thematerialstheyareusing.答案：B推理判断题。根据文章第二至四段的内容可知儿童和成年人学习的方法不同、态度不同会导致学习结果的不同。故选B项。4．Accordingtotheauthor,anewlanguage________.A．canneverbelearntbytheoldpeopleB．canbegraspedbytheoldpeopleeasilyC．canbeunderstoodonlybytheoldpeopleD