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LizzieTask1Definitionandbackground3globalizationasachallengedevelopmentandinfluence24Theauthor'sattitudeGlobalizationisanumbrellatermforacomplexseriesofeconomic,social,technological,culturalandpoliticalchangesseenasincreasinginterdependence,integrationandinteractionbetweenpeopleandcompaniesandalsothecountriesindisparatelocations.Definition:Aneconomicphenomenon?Asocialphenomenon?Aculturalphenomenon?Globalization:MakingtheWorldSmaller√Theoriginaleraofglobalizationlastedfrom1880to1914whenWWIbegan.√Onlytwiceinhistoryhasfreetradehadsuchapowerfuladvocate-firstwhenBritainreignedsupremeinthemid-19thcentury,and,second,inthedecadesfollowingWWIIwhentheUSdid.√Ineachcase,onecountrywasinapeculiarly(单独的,尤其的）powerfulpositiontopursueitsownparticularpoliticalandeconomicgoalswhichfreetradehappenedtosuit.Earlyinthe19thcentury,protectionism（保护主义）wasthenorm（规范）asmanycountriesprohibitedimportsofmanufacturedgoods.ButthenBritaintookadvantageofitsindustrialheadstart（工业领先）andbeganliberalizingitstradeinsearchformarketsandforitsgreatlyincreasedproduction.Portuguesecarrack（大帆船）inNagasaki（长崎）19thcenturyGreatBritainbecomethefirstglobaleconomicsuperpower（超级大国）,becauseofsuperiormanufacturingtechnologyandimprovedglobalcommunicationssuchassteamships（汽船）andrailroadsMapoftheSilkRoadTheeconomicglobalization：Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,theeconomicglobalizationhadbeenbornandnowitisdevelopinginarapidspeed.海尔：进入“全球化品牌战略”进程ThreecomponentsTheeconomicglobalizationThepoliticalglobalizationTheculturalglobalizationThepoliticalglobalization：Politicalglobalizationmeansintheinternationalpoliticalgame,thecontactandcooperationbetweenthedifferentgovernmentshavebeendeepening.中国加入WTO2001-12-11Theculturalglobalization：Culturalglobalizationistheprocesswhereby（通过）information,commodities（商品）andimagesproducedinonepartoftheworldenterintoaglobalflowthat'flattensout'culturaldifferences.孔子学院•FoodGlobalizationhasvariousaspectswhichaffecttheworldinseveraldifferentways。Globalisationcouldinvolveallthesethings!Asglobalizationdeepens,ourchallengewillbemoreandmore.Globalizationisachallengeandopportunity.Ifwehandlethosechallengesinarightway,wewillbenefitalotfromglobalization.Nevertheless,thereareseveralnegativeaspectsaboutglobalizationaswell.DisadvantagesIncreaseingapbetweentherichandthepoorHowfardoesglobalizationhelpchildrenlikethese?DevelopedJobLossWhiledevelopingcountriesgainjobsandforeignmoneyasaresultofglobalization,theconversehappenstodevelopedcountries.Manufacturingjobs,forexample,havebeendramaticallycutintheU.S.andCanadaasaresultofglobalization.Thismeansthatwhiledevelopingcountries'citizenshavemoreopportunities,thiscomesattheexpenseofdevelopedcountries'labormarkets.…globalization…isareality,notachoice.全球化“是一种事实，而不是一种选择”Globalizationisnotsomethingthatyoucanacceptorreject,itisalreadyamatteroflifewhichyouwillencounterandhavetorespondtoeveryday.Theauthorispositiveonglobalization.Sheholdsthatthebasicdynamicremainsthesame:goodsmove,peoplemove,ideasmoveandcultureschange.Thedifferencenowisthespeedandscopeofthesechanges.产生这种变化的动力是一致的：商品流通、人员流动、观念转变、文化变迁。不同的是这些变化的速度和范围。