被动语态

初三英语复习英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,2.或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。时态：1.一般现在时：2.一般过去时：3.一般将来时：4.情态动词的被动语态：被动语态结构：■■■be+过去分词(PP)+(by…)am/is/are+ppwas(were)+ppwill/begoingto+be+ppmust(can,may等)+be+pp在改写中应注意：1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;2.把动词变成“be+过去分词”;3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。典型题例例1将下列句子改为被动语态。Wecleanourclassroomeveryday.Ourclassroomiscleaned(byus)everyday.be+P.P.被动语态的基本结构:有各种时态的变化考点一:[1].NowEnglish____bymoreandmorepeopleallovertheword.A.speaksB.isspokenC.wasspoken一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+PPtask（一）1.WelikeMissLinVerymuch.MissLin___________byusverymuch.2.ManyyoungpeopleloveJayChou’songs.JayChou’ssongs__________bymanyyoungpeople.islikedareloved时态:结构：am/is/are+done一般现在时把下列句子改为被动语态：[2].Thelostboy____atthestreetcornerlastnight.A.wasfoundB.isfoundC.waslookedfor一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+PPtask（二）1.Themanrepairedthecaryesterday.Thecar_____________bythemanyesterday.2.MrSongencouragedustostudyhardlastweek.We________________tostudyhardbyMissPenglastweek.wasrepairedwereencouraged时态:结构：was/were+done一般过去时把下列句子改为被动语态：[3].Manyhouses____inthefuture.A.willbuildB.willbebuiltC.arebuilt一般将来时的被动语态：will+be+PPbegoingto+be+PPtask(三)1.Thecitywillbuildthenewairportnextyear.Thenewairport________________nextyear.2.HuidongMiddleSchoolisgoingtosendtwostudentstoHongkongtostudy.Twostudents____________________toHongkongtostudy.willbearebe时态:结构：will/begoingto+be+done一般将来时builtgoingtosent[4].Threebridges____sincelastyear.A.havebuiltB.werebuiltC.havebeenbuilt现在完成时的被动语态：have/has+been+PPtask(四)1.LiMinghasalreadywateredsomeflowers.Someflowers________________byLiMingalready.2.Theyhavesoldoutthelightgreendress.Thelightgreendress____________________________out.havebeenhas时态:结构：Have/has+been+done现在完成时wateredbeensold[5].Flowers____everyday.A.hasbeenwateredB.shouldbewateredC.shouldwater含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+PP含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+done1.Youmustn’tcleantheroomtoday.Theroom______________byyoutoday.2.Weshouldfinishourhomeworkontime.Ourhomework______________byusontime.（四）mustn’tshould结构：becleanedbefinishedPart3练习:用be动词的正确形式填空.1.Aknife_________usedtocutapples.2.Theair_________pollutedalready.3.Therooms________cleanedlater.4.Thestudents_______askedtohavebreakfastjustnow.5.They_______encouragedtostudyhardinthepast.6.NotonlyhebutalsoI_____punishedlastnight.ishasbeenwillbewerewerewas一般现在时：一般过去时：一般将来时：情态动词:am/is/are+done情态动词+be+donewill+be+done/begoingtobedonewas/were+done以下时态的被动语态构成Summary现在完成时：has/have+been+doneTask4考点二:被动语态中的特殊情况:思考1：将下列的主动句变为被动语态：1．Wegavehimsomebooks.→He.→Somebooks.wasgivensomebooks(byus)weregiventohim(byus)小结1：带有双宾语（宾语既有人又有物）的被动结构是:（1）将间接宾语(人)变为主语，直接宾语(物)不变。（2）将直接宾语(物)变为主语，一般要在间接宾语前加介词to或for.buysbsth=buysthforsbteachsbsth=teachsthtosb思考2：1．IusuallyhearhersingEnglishsongsinthemorning.Sheinthemorning.isusuallyheardtosingEnglishsongs2．Hemakesherhorseworkallday.Herhorseallday.3.Myfatherletmegooutforapicnic.Ioutforapicnic.ismadetoworkwaslettogo小结2：一些特殊结构的被动结构:（1）感觉动词(hear,see等)改被动语态（2）使役动词(let,make等)改被动语态如动词为make,see,hear,watch等，后接宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时，变被动语态时要加上“to”。如：Isawhimfalloffthetree.→Hewasseentofalloffthetree.1.Itwillhappenin50years.()2.Itwillbehappenedin50years.()注意问题3：不及物动词没有被动语态，如：happen,takeplace,begin,becomedissappear,comeout.思考3:判断下列句子的正误挑战√x[4].Childrenshould___.A.takegoodcareofB.betakengoodcareC.betakengoodcareof固定短语的被动不要丢掉后面的介词或副词[5].Yourdesk___.A.needsrepairB.needsrepairingC.needstorepairneed,allow可以用-ing形式表示被动needtobedone=needdoingbeallowedtodo=allowdoing练习二：将下列句子变为被动句。1.LiLeilistenstohisfathercarefully.2.Themotherlookedafterthebabyintheroom.3.Wetookcareofthethings.4.Theygaveussomework.5.Theboymadethemlaughallthetime.6.Mymotherbuysmeabike.HisfatherislistenedtocarefullybyLiLei.Thebabywaslookedafterintheroom.Thethingsweretakencareofbyus.Weweregivensomework.Someworkwasgiventousbythem.Theyweremadetolaughallthetime.Abikeisboughtformebymymother.当堂检测一、单项选择：1.Onlythirty-eightideasbythenewspaper.A.chooseB.choseC.waschosenD.werechosen2.Asusual,Meihuaat6:30thismorningbyhermothertogetreadyforschool.（2006）A.haswokenupB.wokeupC.wakesupD.waswokenupDD3．Aneighbourhelpedtokeepourdog.Itwhilewewereonholiday.(2005)A.wastakencareB.tookcareofC.istakencareofD.wastakencareof4.AttheendofthemeetingMissGreentwominutestodecidewhethersheshouldjointheprojectornot.(2004)A.gaveB.wasgivenC.hadgivenD.wasgivingDB二、请把下面句子改为被动语态1.TheyshowedJackcarefullyhowtouseit.→Jackcarefullyhowtouseit.2.Beijingheldthe29thOlympicGamesin2008.→The29thOlympicGamesin2008.wasshownwereheldbyBeijing3.MissDengteachesusEnglish.→.→.4.Theysawtheboyplaybasketballyesterday.→Theboy_________________yesterday.WearetaughtEnglishbyMissDengwasseentoplaybasketballEnglishistaughttousbyMissDeng5.Weshouldmakeourcountrybecomemoreandmorebeautiful.→Ourcountrymoreandmorebeautiful.shouldbemadetobecomeHomework•复习本课所学知识；•归纳要点，做好复习笔记；•完成本单元的练习。