(完整)逆变器外文文献及翻译

(完整)逆变器外文文献及翻译编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（(完整)逆变器外文文献及翻译）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为(完整)逆变器外文文献及翻译的全部内容。Inverter1IntroductionAninverterisanelectricaldevicethatconvertsdirectcurrent（DC）toalternatingcurrent（AC）;theconvertedACcanbeatanyrequiredvoltageandfrequencywiththeuseofappropriatetransformers，switching，andcontrolcircuits.Solid-stateinvertershavenomovingpartsandareusedinawiderangeofapplications,fromsmallswitchingpowersuppliesincomputers,tolargeelectricutilityhigh—voltagedirectcurrentapplicationsthattransportbulkpower.InvertersarecommonlyusedtosupplyACpowerfromDCsourcessuchassolarpanelsorbatteries.Therearetwomaintypesofinverter。Theoutputofamodifiedsinewaveinverterissimilartoasquarewaveoutputexceptthattheoutputgoestozerovoltsforatimebeforeswitchingpositiveornegative。Itissimpleandlowcostandiscompatiblewithmostelectronicdevices，exceptforsensitiveorspecializedequipment，forexamplecertainlaserprinters.Apuresinewaveinverterproducesanearlyperfectsinewaveoutput（〈3％totalharmonicdistortion)thatisessentiallythesameasutility—suppliedgridpower.ThusitiscompatiblewithallACelectronicdevices。Thisisthetypeusedingrid-tieinverters。Itsdesignismorecomplex,andcosts5or10timesmoreperunitpowerTheelectricalinverterisahigh—powerelectronicoscillator.ItissonamedbecauseearlymechanicalACtoDCconvertersweremadetoworkinreverse，andthuswere”inverted，toconvertDCtoAC.Theinverterperformstheoppositefunctionofarectifier。2Applications2。1DCpowersourceutilizationAninverterconvertstheDCelectricityfromsourcessuchasbatteries，solarpanels,orfuelcellstoACelectricity。Theelectricitycanbeatanyrequiredvoltage;inparticularitcanoperateACequipmentdesignedformainsoperation,orrectifiedtoproduceDCatanydesiredvoltageGridtieinverterscanfeedenergybackintothedistributionnetworkbecausetheyproducealternatingcurrentwiththesamewaveshapeandfrequencyassuppliedbythedistributionsystem.Theycanalsoswitchoffautomaticallyintheeventofablackout.Micro—invertersconvertdirectcurrentfromindividualsolarpanelsintoalternatingcurrentfortheelectricgrid.Theyaregridtiedesignsbydefault.2.2UninterruptiblepowersuppliesAnuninterruptiblepowersupply(UPS）usesbatteriesandaninvertertosupplyACpowerwhenmainpowerisnotavailable。Whenmainpowerisrestored,arectifiersuppliesDCpowertorechargethebatteries.2。3InductionheatingInvertersconvertlowfrequencymainACpowertoahigherfrequencyforuseininductionheating.Todothis，ACpowerisfirstrectifiedtoprovideDCpower.TheinverterthenchangestheDCpowertohighfrequencyACpower。2.4HVDCpowertransmissionWithHVDCpowertransmission，ACpowerisrectifiedandhighvoltageDCpoweristransmittedtoanotherlocation。Atthereceivinglocation，aninverterinastaticinverterplantconvertsthepowerbacktoAC.2。5Variable-frequencydrivesAvariable—frequencydrivecontrolstheoperatingspeedofanACmotorbycontrollingthefrequencyandvoltageofthepowersuppliedtothemotor。Aninverterprovidesthecontrolledpower.Inmostcases，thevariable—frequencydriveincludesarectifiersothatDCpowerfortheinvertercanbeprovidedfrommainACpower.Sinceaninverteristhekeycomponent，variable—frequencydrivesaresometimescalledinverterdrivesorjustinverters。2。6ElectricvehicledrivesAdjustablespeedmotorcontrolinvertersarecurrentlyusedtopowerthetractionmotorsinsomeelectricanddiesel—electricrailvehiclesaswellassomebatteryelectricvehiclesandhybridelectrichighwayvehiclessuchastheToyotaPriusandFiskerKarma.Variousimprovementsininvertertechnologyarebeingdevelopedspecificallyforelectricvehicleapplications。［2］Invehicleswithregenerativebraking,theinverteralsotakespowerfromthemotor（nowactingasagenerator）andstoresitinthebatteries。2。7ThegeneralcaseAtransformerallowsACpowertobeconvertedtoanydesiredvoltage,butatthesamefrequency。Inverters,plusrectifiersforDC,canbedesignedtoconvertfromanyvoltage，ACorDC，toanyothervoltage,alsoACorDC,atanydesiredfrequency。Theoutputpowercanneverexceedtheinputpower,butefficienciescanbehigh,withasmallproportionofthepowerdissipatedaswasteheat。3Circuitdescription3.1BasicdesignsInonesimpleinvertercircuit，DCpowerisconnectedtoatransformerthroughthecentretapoftheprimarywinding。AswitchisrapidlyswitchedbackandforthtoallowcurrenttoflowbacktotheDCsourcefollowingtwoalternatepathsthroughoneendoftheprimarywindingandthentheother.Thealternationofthedirectionofcurrentintheprimarywindingofthetransformerproducesalternatingcurrent（AC）inthesecondarycircuit。Theelectromechanicalversionoftheswitchingdeviceincludestwostationarycontactsandaspringsupportedmovingcontact.Thespringholdsthemovablecontactagainstoneofthestationarycontactsandanelectromagnetpullsthemovablecontacttotheoppositestationarycontact.Thecurrentintheelectromagnetisinterruptedbytheactionoftheswitchsothattheswitchcontinuallyswitchesrapidlybackandforth。Thistypeofelectromechanicalinverterswitch，calledavibratororbuzzer，wasonceusedinvacuumtubeautomobileradios。Asimilarmechanismhasbeenusedindoorbells,buzzersandtattooguns.Astheybecameavailablewithadequatepowerratings，transistorsandvariousothertypesofsemico