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.;.高考英语试卷选择题部分第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACommunity(社区)serviceisimportantformanyreasons.Takingpartandvolunteeringteachessympathyandunderstanding.Oneofmyfavoritethingsaboutitisthatthereareopportunitiesandchoicesrightinyourveryneighborhood.WhenIwasyounger，Ivolunteeredforanearbyanimalshelter.AtfirstIdidn’tknowmanypeoplethereandwasn’tveryenthusiastic.Later，asIgottoknowtheanimalsandstaffmembersIlearnedtoenjoymytimethere.ItwasaveryrewardingexperienceandIgottodomanythingsIwouldn’thavehadanopportunitytodootherwise.SometimeswhenIwasthereIwouldseeotherkidstakingpart.Mostofthemwerevolunteeringbecausetheyneededservicehoursforschool.Thesekidssometimesjustsataroundwaitingfortheirtimetopass.Buttherewerealsoothers，whohadapparentlyenjoyedtheirexperiences，andwantedtodomoreafterwards.Notonlyiscommunityservicefunandrewarding，italsolooksgreatonaresume(简历)orcollegeapplication.Sometimescommunityserviceisevenrequiredforhighschoolgraduation.Lastyearinmylifeskillsclasswewereaskedtowriteapaperaboutwhetherwethoughtrequiringstudentsatauniversitytocomplete75hoursofcommunityservicewasagoodidea.Iwrote，“Idon’tthinkthatistoomuchaslongasthestudentsaregivenenoughtimeandavarietyofchoices.”AsImovethroughlifeIwillbealwaysinvolvedincommunityservice，notjustbecauseitisimportantbutalsobecauseitissomethingIenjoyandlookforwardto.Somaybeitistherighttimeyoushouldgoout，volunteeryourtimeandmakeadifference，evenifyourrewardisonlyanodorsmile.语篇解读本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要叙述了作者参加过许多社区志愿服务，从中获益良多，并鼓励人们也参与进来。1．Thewriterbegantoenjoyvolunteeringattheanimalshelterwhenhe..;.A．realizedtheimportanceofcommunityserviceB．witnessedsomestudentswastingtheirtimeC．gotinspiredbytheenthusiasticvolunteersD．adjustedhimselftothenewenvironment答案D解析推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可推知，当作者适应了动物收容所的环境后，他开始享受在那里的志愿者工作。故选D。2．Whatmightbethewriter’sattitudetothe75-hourcommunityservicerequiredforauniversitystudent?A．Cautious.B．Approving.C．Unconcerned.D．Doubtful.答案B解析观点态度题。根据第四段最后一句可推知，作者对大学生要完成75小时的社区服务工作持赞成态度。故选B。3．Whatisthewriter’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A．Tointroduceagrowingtrendofvolunteering.B．Toreflectononeofhisvolunteerexperiences.C．Toadvocateparticipatingincommunityservice.D．Tomakethebenefitsofcommunityserviceknown.答案C解析写作意图题。根据最后一段最后一句和全文内容可知，作者认为做社区志愿服务工作是非常有益的，所以作者呼吁人们参与到社区服务中去。故选C。B(2018·河北唐山一模)It’s3o’clockandyou’vebeenhardatwork.Asyousitatyourdesk，astrongdesireforchocolateovercomesyou.Youtrytobusyyourselftomakeitgoaway.Butitdoesn’t.Hereisanothersituation.Perhapsyouarenotfeelingwell.Theonlythingyouwanttoeatisabigbowlofchickensoup，likeyourmomusedtomakewhenyouweresickasachild.Foodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeoffood.Andtheyarenormal.ScientistsatthewebsiteHowStuffWorkscomparehungerandcravingsthisway.Hungerisafairlysimpleconnectionbetweenthestomachandthebrain.Theyevencallitsimply“stomachhunger”．Whenourstomachsburnupallofthefoodwehaveeaten，ahormone(荷尔蒙)sendsamessagetoonepartofthebrain，thehypothalamus(下丘脑)，formorefood.Thehypothalamusregulatesourmostbasicbodyfunctionssuchasthirst，hungerandsleep.Thebrainthenproducesachemicaltostarttheappetite.Andyoueat.Hungerisafunctionofsurvival..;.Acravingismorecomplex.Itactivates(使活跃)brainareasrelatedtoemotion，memoryandreward.Thesearethesameareasofthebrainactivatedduringdrug-cravingstudies.So，somescientistscallfoodcravings“mindhunger”．Peopleoftencravefoodsthatarehighinfatandsugar.Foodsthatarehighinfatorhighinsugarreleasechemicalsinthebrain.Thesechemicalsgiveusfeelingsofpleasure.Ina2007study，researchersatCambridgeUniversityfoundthatdietingorrestrictedeatinggenerallyincreasesthepossibilityoffoodcravings.So，themoreyoudenyyourselfafoodthatyouwant，themoreyoumaycraveit.However，fastingisabitdifferent.Theyfoundthateatingnofoodatallforashortperiodoftimelessenedfoodcravings.So，thenexttimeyoucravesomethingveryspecific，knowthatyourbrainmaybemoretoblamethanyourstomach.语篇解读本文主要谈论饮食冲动的调查结果。食物与情感有关系，节食的结果会导致饮食欲望的增加。4．Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A．Todeepentheunderstandingofhunger.B．Toleadtothetopicofthewholepassage.C．Toreportthediscoveryofcravingstudy.D．Toremindreadersoftheirownspecialfood.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“Foodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeoffood.Andtheyarenormal.”可知，第一段是为了引出整篇文章的话题。故选B。5．Whatdowelearnaboutfoodcravings?A．Itmeansthestomachfunctionswell.B．Itensuresapersonsurviveshunger.C．Itshowsfoodislinkedtofeelings.D．Itprovesthebraindecidesyourappetite.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“Foodsthatarehighinfatorhighinsugarreleasechemicalsinthebrain.Thesechemicalsgiveusfeelingsofpleasure.”可知，食物与情感有关系。故选C。6．What’sthelikelyresultofdieting?A．Theincreaseoffooddesire.B．Thedecreaseofchemicals.C．Therefusaloffatandsugar..;.D．Thedisappearanceofappetite.答案A解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Ina2007study，researchersatCambridgeUniversityfoundthatdietingorrestrictedeatinggenerallyincreasesthepossibilityoffoodcravings.”可知，节食会导致饮食欲望的增加。故选A。7．Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A．Thefindingsoffoodcravings.B．Whathungerisallabout.C．Thefunctionsofbrainareas.D．Whatdietingmaybringus.答案A解析主旨大意题。根据第一段最后两句“Foodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeoffood.Andth