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2021/6/13SCUT13.8ThefunctionanddesignmethodofprocessplanningfileThetermprocessroute(工艺规程)referstotheprocessplanningfileinwhichtheprocessandoperationmethodarespecified.Inanotherword,thesequenceofeachoperation,thepartdimensions,toleranceandtechnicalrequirement,technicalequipmentandmeasures,cuttingparameters,standardproductiontime,andlevelsofoperators’skillareallincludedintheprocessplanningfile.2021/6/13SCUT23.8.1Theformatofaprocesssheet工艺过程卡Theformatofapartprocesssheetmadebydifferentcompaniesisquitedifferent.In1982,thepre-mechanicalindustryministry(原机械工业部）issuedtheministrystandardtoregulatetheformatofapartprocesssheet(referredtoJB/Z1187.3-82).Nevertheless,operationsheetsarelargelyidenticalbutwithminordifferences.Usuallythefollowingitemsshouldbeincludedinaprocesssheet.Nameofpartandtype；NameandNo.ofpart；Rawmaterial；Nameofoperation；Nameofplant.2021/6/13SCUT3Insingleorsmallbatchtypeproduction,onlyageneralandsimpleprocesssheetisprepared,shownasthefollowingsample,wheretheproductnameandtype,partnameanddrawingNo.,thekindsandmaterialoftheroughcast,operationNo.nameandcontent,theworkshopforeachoperation,equipmentsandtimeschedulingareallincluded。2021/6/13SCUT42021/6/13SCUT5InBatchtypeproduction,usuallyadetailedoperationalsheetisplanned,showasthesamplegivenbelow,inwhichnotonlythecontentofaprocesssheetmustbeincluded,butalsothedetaileddescriptionoftheoperationalstepandposition,theoperationaldimensionsandspecificationsareincluded.Anoperationaldraftshouldbegivenforsomemainoperations,inwhichthedesireddimensionsachievedinthatoperation,thetolerance,theroughnessandthesetupmustbemarked.Insingleorsmallbatchtypeproduction,someimportantpartsalsoaskforanoperationalsheet.2021/6/13SCUT62021/6/13SCUT7Partoperationaldraft2021/6/13SCUT8Beforeproductsaremanufactured,technicalandproductionpreparationcanbemadeaccordingtothedemandsofprocessplanningsheet.Accordingtotheprocessplanningsheet,thekinds,typeandnumberofmachinetools,theproductionareaneeded,theplanarrangementofequipment,thenumber,typeandclassofoperatorsrequiredcanallbedecided.Then,theplanningoffactorypreparation,enlargingorrebuildingwillbedecidedaccordingly.2021/6/13SCUT9ThefunctionsofprocessplanningsheetThefunctionsoftheprocessplanningsheetareasfollows：(1)Themaintechniqueforgivingregulationstoguidetheproduction(2)Thebasisoforganizationandmanagement(3)Themaininformationtoguidethebuilding,enlargingorrebuildingofamechanicalfactory2021/6/13SCUT103.8.2Theanalysisoftheprocessingperformance(加工性分析）1.Inspectthedesigndrawing：checkifthedimensionsarecompleteandstructuralexpressionisclear.2.Analyzeifthespecificationsarereasonable,including（1）Thedimensionalaccuracy；（2）Thegeometricalshapeaccuracy；（3）Thepositionalaccuracybetweenthemainmachinedsurfaces（4）Requirementofthesurfacequality；（5）Requirementoftheheattreatment.2021/6/13SCUT113.CheckifthematerialisproperlychosenUsetheusuallyusedmaterialasfaraspossibleifitmeetstherequirement,suchas45steel4.Analysisoftheprocessingcapabilityrelatedwiththepartstructure(1)Theconceptofpartstructuralprocessingcapability:thefeasibilityandeconomicalperformancewhenmanufacturingapartWhenplanningthepartmachiningprocessroutine,theanalysisofthecuttingperformanceismainlyconcerned.(2)Thelocalstructuralrequirementwhenmachiningapart（局部结构的加工工艺性）(3)Theoverallstructuralrequirementwhenmachiningapart（整体结构加工工艺性）2021/6/13SCUT12Examplesaboutthelocalstructuralrequirement(1)Convenientfortheapproachingandrecedingofthecuttingtool(2)Makesurethecuttingtoolcanworknormally2021/6/13SCUT13(3)Makesurethemachiningisefficient2021/6/13SCUT14(4)Avoidingdeepholemachining(5)Useexternalconnectioninplaceofinternalconnection(6)Onesetuptomachinethosesurfacesthathavepositionrequirementorinthesamedirection2021/6/13SCUT15(7)SufficientstiffnessrequiredsuitableforHSCormulti-cutters2021/6/13SCUT16Question:whatabouttheoverallstructuralprocessingcapability(整体结构的工艺性）?(1)Choosethestandardandgeneralpartsasmuchaspossible;(2)Undertheconditionthatmeetstheservicerequirement,taketheeconomicalaccuracyandroughnessasfaraspossible;(3)Choosematerialswithgoodcuttingperformanceasfaraspossible;(4)Offerreferenceseasytobeclampedandlocated;(5)Savematerialandreducetheweight.2021/6/13SCUT173.8.3DesignproceduresoftheprocessplanningDesignproceduresoftheprocessplanningFirstly,thefunction,importanceandworkingconditionofthepartshouldbeclarified.Ifthedesigndetailsareconsideredunreasonableorwrongduringinspection,suggestionstomodifythedesigncanbeproposed.2021/6/13SCUT183.8.4ProcessrouteplanningItincludesselectionofreferencesurface(基准选择）,machiningmethod,classificationofprocessphases(划分加工阶段,roughmachining,self-finishmachiningandfinishmachining),sequencingtheoperations（确定加工顺序）,determiningthedegreeofoperationdistribution（工序分散性）,arrangementofhotworking（热处理安排）orinspectionandotherauxiliaryoperations.SimpleDiscussion:Isitnecessarytoclassifyprocessphases?(加工阶段）Howtodeterminethedegreeofoperationdistribution?(工序分散程度）3.8.5.1Decidethemachiningsequence3.8.5.2Arrangementofheatandsurfacetreatment3.8.5.3Arrangementofinspectionoperation3.8.5.4Arrangementofotherop