oracle ocp培训Less01_DB_Architecture_MB3

Copyright©2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.IntroductionCopyright©2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.1-2CourseObjectivesAftercompletingthiscourse,youshouldbeabletodothefollowing:•Install,create,andadministerOracleDatabase10g•Configurethedatabaseforanapplication•Employbasicmonitoringprocedures•Implementabackupandrecoverystrategy•MovedatabetweendatabasesandfilesCopyright©2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.1-3SuggestedSchedule1.Introduction2.Installation3.DBCreation4.Instance5.Storage6.Users7.Schema8.Data&Concurrency9.Undo10.Security11.Network12.ProactiveMaintenance13.Performance14.Backup&RecoveryConcepts15.Backup16.Recovery17.Flashback18.MovingDataCopyright©2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.1-4LessonObjectivesAftercompletingthislesson,youshouldbeabletodothefollowing:•Describethecourseobjectives•ExplaintheOracleDatabase10garchitectureCopyright©2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.1-5OracleProductsandServices•Oracledatabases•OracleApplicationServer•Oracleapplications•OracleCollaborationSuite•OracleDeveloperSuite•OracleservicesCopyright©2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.1-6OracleDatabase10g:“g”StandsforGrid•GlobalGridForum(GGF)•Oracle’sgridinfrastructure:–Lowcost–Highqualityofservice–EasytomanageAutomaticStorageManagementRealApplicationClustersOracleStreamsEnterpriseManagerGridControlStoragegridDatabasegridApplicationgridGridcontrolCopyright©2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.1-8OracleDatabaseArchitectureAnOracleserver:•Isadatabasemanagementsystemthatprovidesanopen,comprehensive,integratedapproachtoinformationmanagement•ConsistsofanOracleinstanceandanOracledatabaseCopyright©2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.1-9DatabaseStructuresStoragestructuresMemorystructuresProcessstructuresInstanceSystemGlobalArea(SGA)BackgroundprocessesDatabasefilesDBstructures-Memory-Process-StorageCopyright©2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.1-10OracleMemoryStructures.JavapoolDatabasebuffercacheRedologbufferSharedpoolLargepoolSGAStreamspoolServerprocess1PGAServerprocess2PGABackgroundprocessPGADBstructuresMemoryProcessStorageCopyright©2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.1-12ProcessStructures•Userprocess:IsstartedatthetimeadatabaseuserrequestsaconnectiontotheOracleserver•Serverprocess:ConnectstotheOracleinstanceandisstartedwhenauserestablishesasession•Backgroundprocesses:ArestartedwhenanOracleinstanceisstartedInstanceSGABackgroundprocessesServerprocessPGAUserprocessDBstructuresMemoryProcessStorageCopyright©2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.1-13OracleInstanceManagementSystemMonitor(SMON)DatabaseWriter(DBWn)LogWriter(LGWR)ProcessMonitor(PMON)Archiver(ARCn)SGAJavapoolSharedpoolLargepoolStreamspoolDatabasebuffercacheRedologbufferCheckpoint(CKPT)ControlfilesDatafilesRedologfilesArchivelogfilesCopyright©2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.1-14ServerProcessandDatabaseBufferCacheBuffers:•Pinned•Clean•Freeorunused•DirtyDBWnServerprocessSGADatabasebuffercacheDatafilesCopyright©2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.1-15PhysicalDatabaseStructure.OnlineredologfilesPasswordfileParameterfileArchivelogfilesControlfilesDatafilesAlertandtracelogfilesBackupfilesDBstructuresMemoryProcessStorageCopyright©2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.1-17TablespacesandDataFiles•Tablespacesconsistofoneormoredatafiles.•Datafilesbelongtoonlyonetablespace.USERStablespaceDatafile1Datafile2Copyright©2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.1-18SYSTEMandSYSAUXTablespaces•TheSYSTEMandSYSAUXtablespacesaremandatorytablespaces.•Theyarecreatedatthetimeofdatabasecreation.•Theymustbeonline.•TheSYSTEMtablespaceisusedforcorefunctionality(forexample,datadictionarytables).•TheauxiliarySYSAUXtablespaceisusedforadditionaldatabasecomponents(suchastheEnterpriseManagerRepository).Copyright©2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.1-19Segments,Extents,andBlocks•Segmentsexistwithinatablespace.•Segmentsaremadeupofacollectionofextents.•Extentsareacollectionofdatablocks.•Datablocksaremappedtodiskblocks.SegmentExtentsDatablocksDiskblocksCopyright©2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.1-20LogicalandPhysicalDatabaseStructuresDatabaseLogicalPhysicalTablespaceDatafileOSblockSegmentExtentOracledatablockSchemaCopyright©2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.1-22CourseExamples:TheHRSchemaREGIONSREGION_ID(PK)REGION_NAMECOUNTRIESCOUNTRY_ID(PK)COUNTRY_NAMEREGION_ID(FK)LOCATIONSLOCATION_ID(PK)STREET_ADDRESSPOSTAL_CODECITYSTATE_PROVINCECOUNTRY_ID(FK)DEPARTMENTSDEPARTMENT_ID(PK)DEPARTMENT_NAMEMANAGER_IDLOCATION_ID(FK)JOBSJOB_ID(PK)JOB_TITLEMIN_SALARYMAX_SALARYEMPLOYEESEMPLOYEE_ID(PK)FIRST_NAMELAST_NAMEEMAILPHONE_NUMBERHIRE_DATEJOB_ID(FK)SALARYCOMMISION_PCTMANAGER_ID(FK)DEPARTMENT_ID(FK)JOB_HISTORYEMPLOYEE_ID(PK)START_DATE(PK)END_DATEJOB_ID(FK)DEPARTMENT_ID(FK)REGIONSCOUNTRIESLOCATIONSDEPARTMENTSJOBSEMPLOYEESJOB_HISTORYCopyright©2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.1-23DatabaseArchitecture:SummaryofStructuralComponents•Memorystructures:–SystemGlobalArea(SGA):Databasebuffercache,redobuffer,andvariouspools–ProgramGlobalArea(PGA)•Processstructures:–UserprocessandServerprocess–Backgroundprocesses:SMON,PMON,DBWn,CKPT,LGWR,ARCn,andsoon•Storagestructures:–Logical:Database,schema,tablespace,segment,extent,andOracleblock–Physical:Filesf