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语法精典讲解句法部分（从句）16从句的种类【从句的种类】（讲解1）一、名词性从句1.主要包括:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句.一般由that引起,也可由who,whom,what,which,when,why,how,whether引起.•Whatyouneedismorepractice.•Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.•Wemustfindoutwhodidallthis.•WeexpressedthehopethathewouldcometoChinaagain.2.主语从句很多情况下都可以放到句子后面,而用代词it作形式上的主语.•Itisn'tlikelythatIshouldacceptsuchanofferasthat.•Itisstillaquestionwhenweshallhaveoursportsmeet.3.形式宾语.•Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldstayhere.•Shetookitforgrantedthathewouldreceiveitwithshame.16从句的种类【从句的种类】（讲解1）4.由名词性关系代词whatever,whoever,whichever等引起的宾语从句.•Hewilldowhatevertheteacheraskshimtodo.•I'lltakewhoeverwantstogowithmetothetheatre.•Takewhicheveryoulikebest.5.whether,and,if都能引导从句,但用法有所不同.当主语从句直接位于句首时,应用whether,而不用if.Whether后能直接ornot,但if不能.•Whetherhewillcomeornotisnotknown.6.在名词reason后的表语从句必须用that引导,不可误用because.•Thereasonwhyheisoftenlateforclassisthathehasthebadhabitofgettinguplateinthemorning.16从句的种类【从句的种类】（讲解2）二、定语从句1.引导定语从句的关系词有who,whom,whose,that,when,where,why,which.在非限制定语从句中,只可用which,who,whose,where,when.如果指代前面整个句子,多用which.•Thedogthat/whichwaslosthasbeenfound.•Thosewhoareinfavoroftheproposalareexpectedtodiscussitindetailafterthemeeting.•Therearemanyorganizationswhosepurposeistohelpthehomeless.•Thedayswhenwehadtorelyonwool,cottonorsilkforourclotheshavenowpassed.•Airmovesfromplaceswherethepressurewashightoplaceswherethepressureislow.•Thisisthereasonwhyherefusedtohelpus.•Hewasbornin1976,whenanearthquakestruckthecountry.•Theyturnedablindeyetothesufferingofthepeople,whichenragedallofus.16从句的种类【从句的种类】（讲解2）2.当引导定语从句的先行词前有all,any,no,little,much,veryfirst等词,或先行词前为形容词最高级所修饰时,或先行词为all,anything,nothing,something,everything时,从句的引导词只能用that.•Theonlythingthatmatterstothechildrenishowsoontheycanhavetheirholiday.•Thesearetheverypointsthatpuzzleme.•Isthereanythingthatbothersyou?•Thisisthebestfilmthatwaseverproducedbythecompany.3.as可做引导词引导定语从句,多和such,thesame连用.As引导的定语从句也可修饰整个句子,既可放在先行词后,也可放在句子开头.•Suchpeopleasyoudescribearerarenowadays.•Theboywasrunoverbyamotor-car,asoftenhappenedinpre-liberationShanghai.•Asisoftenthecase,thegirlforgottobringherdictionary.•Weareopposedtosuchideasasarenotbaseduponobjectivefacts.16从句的种类【从句的种类】（讲解2）4.介词+which/whom/whose从句.•Thedriveristhemanfromwhoseroomshehadstolenthegoldwatch.•Languageisatoolbymeansofwhichpeoplecommunicateideaswitheachother.•Janespentalleveningtalkingaboutherlatestbook,ofwhichnoneofushadeverheard.•例:Waterdissolvesapartofnearlyeverything___itcomesincontact.•A.whereB.thatC.withwhichD.assoonas5.代/名+介词+which从句.•Heisneedingabook,thenameofwhichIdon'tknow.•Infactoriesandinourdailylife,therearemanywastematerials,allofwhichcanheturnedintousefulthingsundercertaincondition.•Tomakeanobjectivetesttheteacherwritesaseriesofquestions,eachofwhichhasonlyonecorrectanswer.16从句的种类【从句的种类】（讲解2）6.同位语从句和定语从句.•ThenewsthathehasbeenadmittedbyHarvardUniversityisverypleasing.•Thenewstheyoutoldmewasreallyexciting.7.难句.•Heisoneofthemenwhowerechosentorepresentthegroup.•Heistheonlyoneofthoseboyswhoiswillingtotakeonanotherassignment.•Ishallneverforgetthedaywhenwefirstmet.•Irememberthemorningwhenhefirstcametoschool.•IshallneverforgetthedayswhichIspentinthecountryside.•Theroomwherehelivediskeptingoodrepair.•Thewayinwhich/thatyouansweredthequestionswasadmirable.•例:Alvafoundaplaceinthecellar___heusesashisfirstlaboratory.•A.whereB.whichC.whatD.inwhich17宾语从句【宾语从句】（讲解3）三、宾语从句:一个句子如果加上宾语从句,句子显然变复杂了,也变的difficult了,其实,你大可不必发愁.只要掌握好宾语从句的用法,一切问题就迎刃而解了.1、宾语从句由关系代词或关系副词引出.（1）以that引导的宾语从句.如:Ihearthatyouhavepassedtheexamination.Goodluck!（2）以if和whether引导的宾语从句.如:Idon'tknowifyoucancometomorrow.（3）以连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句.如:Pleasetellmehowyoucangethere.2、运用宾语从句要注意以下几点:宾语从句的语序一定是陈述句语序.注意:①主句的谓语动词的时态如果是过去时态,宾语从句谓语动词的时态要选用相应的过去某一种形式.②如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理,事实时,即使主句是过去式,从句仍用一般现在时.17宾语从句【宾语从句】（练习1）1.SheaskedmeifIknew___.A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit2.Idon'tknow___hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherB.whereC.whatD.when3.Idon'tknow___hewillcometomorrow.___hecomes,I'lltellyou.A.if,whetherB.whether,whetherC.if,ThatD.if,If【宾语从句】（练习1）4.Thesmallchildrendon'tknow___.A.whatistheirstockingsinB.whereisintheirstockingsC.whereistheirstockinginD.whatintheirstockings5.Canyoutellme___?A.whendoestheshipleaveB.whentheshipwillleaveC.whentheshipleaveD.whenwilltheshipleave6.Canyoutellme___?A.whendidhecomeB.whenhecameC.whendidhecameD.hecamewhen17宾语从句【宾语从句】（练习1）7.Canyoutellme___theradio?A.howdidhemendB.whatdidhemendC.howhemendedD.whathemended8.Heaskedhisfather___.A.whereithappensB.wheredidithappenC.howithappenedD.howdidithappen9.Ididn'tknowwhatcolour___.A.isthebagB.thebagisC.wasthebagD.thebagwas17宾语从句【宾语从句】（练习2）1.Weare___goingtothefactoryandworkthere.A.brieflyB.latelyC.recentlyD.shortly2.Formoststudents,theirteacher'sadviceismoreimportantthan___oftheirparents.A.oneB.whatC.whichD.that3.Theytalkedinalowvoice___beheardbyothers.A.sonotastoB.soasnottoC.soastonotD.soasto17宾语从句【宾语从句】（练习2）4.Notuntilthisevening___thatthemeetinghadbeenputoff.A.IdidknowB.didIknowC.IknewD.Ihaveknown5.Wearelookingforwardtoseeingyouagain,andwe'llbeverydisappointedifyou___.A.