31.2.3.dH=TdS+VdP4.dU=TdS-PdV5.0,,PTMPTMigM6.00ln,PPRPTSSigP0fRTddGln7.PV=RTPf8.0PPf9.PdPPRTVRT01ln0P10PRTV10.11.ln1,,RTPTGPTGig12.13.14.1.HUBHUPVA.HUB.HUC.H=UD.2.P=RT/(V-b)V1V2SCbVbVRdVbVRdVTPdVVSSVVVVVVVT12ln212121A.bVbVRT12lnB.0C.bVbVR12lnD.12lnVVR3.VPTSTTSTDPVVPVPTVTPTCCTSTTSTA.B.CP/CVC.RD.PVTVTPT4.PSTTSPTVPDVVPTTTTTPSTPSTTPPTTVVPPSVPSPVPTSPTVPTSPTVP1A.TVSB.VTPC.STVD.VTP5.P-V-TPRTGPTGxigln,xGCPRTPPRTPTGPTGigiglnln1,),(00A.TPB.TC.T1.PVbRT()________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1122,,PTHPTH1122,,PTSPTS____1122,,PTHPTH_________________________________________________________1122,,PTSPTS_____________________________________________________________2.vdWP=RT/(V-b)-a/V2,(T,P1)(T,P2)_______________________________________________________________________________________________________3._________________________________________1.PR32dTcTbTaCigP00,PT2.2.5MPa2030MPa3003.PR360K360K0.1MPa18115igHJmol-198.295igSJmol-1K-121600HJmol-1287SJmol-1K-14.aPR312K1.06MPabPR312K7MPa(c)312K7MPa1~7MPa2.06cm3g-15.(a)1002.5MPa(b)10020MPa100T1P1V1svU1svT2P2V2svU2svV2slU2sl101325.0sPMPa04.419slHJg-13069.1slSJg-1K-1,0435.1slVcm3g-1,0008.0dTdVTVslPcm3g-1K-16.1kg90%V0.1985MPa7.3MPa1000cm3?()VT=100P=2.5MPaP=20MPaP=.101325MPaP8.1kg0.92.318106Pa3.613105PaQW?9.0.3m31.554106Pa25%??1.P-VT-SA1-C-A21-C-23-4-5-62-61-4-5-82-5-7A1A2C1234568PV72.P-VlnP-HT-S(a)(b)(c)(d)(e).1.2THTTGP2.PTTVVPVV110PTTPTPTPT1P1T2P2V1V2121212lnPPTTVV3.P-T4.bPTcTUbTaPVV0abcV05.(a))1(xZxZZslsv(b)022TccTVZVZVZ6.RTbVP)(aCP(b)7.RKVbVbRTaRTPbVRPTSPTSVbVbRTaZRTTHPTHigigln5.0)(ln,,ln5.11,5.15.18.2-390,0,0,,hVfTZVTZ0,0,0,,hVfTVT