水力学实验指导书

121.;2.X3.B32456123456U56UXU13524634UA12UB1.p=p0+ghpA=g(3-A)pB=g(1-B)2.246246p0=g(1-2)=g3-4=gX5-63gX=6543ggX=6521g3.p0pa,p1p2p3p4p5p6ppapk=g2-1hk=2-11.2.3.4.()A=8.5cmB=0cmcm123456p0pa123p0pa123()APA(N/cm2)pA=g3-ABPB(N/cm2)PB=g1-BX(N/cm3)g=6521ghkcmhk=2-1p0pa123p0pa12341.2.1.2.U3.51.2.3.1.z+gp2.3.61.2.3.1234567(cm)1.91.91.91.4511.451.9(cm2)2.842.842.841.650.781.652.84()1234567()A=145cm2Vcm3t(s)Qcm3/sQcm3/sH1(cm)H2(cm)Hcm12()1234567v(cm/s)gv22(cm)z+gp(cm)z+gp+gv22(cm)1.2.73.4.5.1.152.3.4.1.2.Qh3.212a11,a21gp1+gv221=gp2+gv222(1)8v1A1=v2A2v2=v121AA1gpp21=gv221[(21AA)2-1]V1=]1)[(2221AAggpp21QT=A1V1=A1]1)[(2221AAggpp21QT=CThCTQQTQ/QT=TQQ1.2.3.4.5.4cm6.67.()A=145cm2sQcm3/scmcmcmcm3h1(cm)h2(cm)1234569d1=1.9cmd2=1cmA1=cm2A2=cm2()h(cm)CTQTcm3/sQ(cm3/s)12345671.2.3.1.2.3.Q-h101.2.()vc=11gH2=gH2Q=Acc=AgH2=AgH211=gHAQ2HQAc1.2.A=100cm2(cm)(cm)(cm)(s)(cm3/s)(cm)d=1.2cmd=1.2cm1.21.2cm2d=1.2cmd=1.2cm1.2.1.12F=Q(2v2x-1v1x)v1v2132vzv1gv22=gv221+zv1=gzv22R=Q(v1-v2cos)=gv1=v2=gzv222=11=1R=gQgzv22(1-cos)()V=AQ(A)1.2.3.4.5.A6.7.8.()d=0.8cmA=cm2()z=cmS=200cm2=G(g)h1(cm)h2(cm)h(cm)t(s)Q(cm3/s)V(cm/s)V1(cm/s)R(N)12345141.2.3.4.1.?2.1.2.(15Re=vdvd=200022.00337.0101775.0TT(T)Re=20005000~20000Re2000Re20001.2.3.4.5.6.()d=cmT=A=cm2T()Q(cm3/s)v(cm/s)ReH1(cm)H2(cm)H(cm)cm3123456789101.2.3.4.5.1.162.1.2.lghflgvlgRelghf=KvnnLL12z1+gp1+gv221=z2+gp2+gv222+hf17hf=(z1+gp1)-z2+gp2=h12hf=gdLv22=Lvgd22hf=Lvgd22hdhf12L12vgQv1.75~21.2.3.4.5.6.4cm2cm.7.,0.,,.()d=cmL=70cmT=S=145cm2t(s)Q(cm3/s)v(cm/s)ReH1cmH2(cm)(cm)h1(cm)h2(cm)12341856789101112H1H2123456789101112LoghfLogvLogRelog1.2.3.4.5.1.2.3.loghf-logvlogRe-log191.2.3.2211201122hj=(z1+gp1+gv2211)-(z2+gp2+gv2222)121(z1+gp1)(z2+gp2)gv2211gv2222Qd1d2v1v2hj=(1-21AA)2gv221=[1-(21dd)2]2gv221=(1-21AA)2=[1-(21dd)2]21122hj=(z1+gp1+gv2211)-(z2+gp2+gv2222)1(z1+gp1)(z2+gp2)gv2211gv2222Qd1d2v1v2hj=gv222d1d22221=0.5(1-12AA)1.2.3.4.5.6.7.1.2.3.()123456781(cm)(cm)910111213141516(cm)1718192021222324(cm)212345678(cm)91011121314151622(cm)17181920212223(cm)()()d1=1.4cmd2=2.5cm=gv221(cm)(Z+p)1(cm)gv221+(Z+p)1(cm)gv222(cm)(Z+p)2(cm)gv222+(Z+p)2(cm)hjhj12()d1=2.5cmd2=1.4cm=gv221(cm)(Z+p)1(cm)gv221+(Z+p)1(cm)gv222(cm)(Z+p)2(cm)gv222+(Z+p)2(cm)hjhj1(cm)t(s)(cm3/s)Q(cm3/s)H1H2HQ1Q21A=145cm222321.2.221.2.3.b=60i=0241.h1-h2=gv22v=)(221hhgh1(z+p+gv22)h2(z+p)v=)(221hhg25sin0.981v=sin)(221hhg2.1)v=KtN+CvNK1/2C2)v=2KT1+CT1.2.3.1520cm4.5.6.7.8.2cm1.2.3.1.2.3.(cm)h(cm)vh1(cm)h2(cm)26==B=27hk=32gqhkqik=kkkkBRCgA2=kkkBCgx2RkxkCkhkikvvwv=vwvvwabc1230KKNNNN1228abci0iika1b1c1iika2b2c2i=ika3c3i=0b0c0i0bc1.2.3.a3c3i=ikc4.b1b229N1i1ikN1N2i2ik5.a1a2c1c2N1i1ikN1a1N2c1i2ika2c2a26.0b0b30b1i207.c0c1.2.1i2031220v220vUii=-dldU22xU+22yU+22zU=0HuKu=-KdldH22xH+22yH+22zH=032IQ1.2.3.12cm4.5.10V6.1V57.88.1234567xyxyxyxyxyxyxy1v2v3v4v5v6v7v8v9v1.2.3.1.2.