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201765theguardianPatientdata:weneedabetterapproach(NHS)DeepMindNHSDeepMind[S4][S5][S7][S4]4[S1][S3][S4][S5][S6][S7][S8]Para1Anyfair-mindedassessmentofthedangersofthedealbetweenBritain'sNationalHealthService(NHS)andDeepMindmuststartbyacknowledgingthatbothsidesmeanwell.DeepMindisoneoftheleadingartificialintelligence(AI)companiesintheworld.Thepotentialofthisworkappliedtohealthcareisverygreat,butitcouldalsoleadtofurtherconcentrationofpowerinthetechgiants.31Itisagainstthatbackgroundthattheinformationcommissioner,ElizabethDenham,hasissuedherdamningverdictagainsttheRoyalFreehospitaltrustundertheNHS,whichhandedovertoDeepMindthe(NHS)DeepMindDeepMind31(ElizabethDenham)NHS2015160DeepMindrecordsof1.6millionpatientsin2015onthebasisofavagueagreementwhichtookfartoolittleaccountofthepatients'rightsandtheirexpectationsofprivacy.Para2DeepMindhasalmostapologized.32TheNHStrusthasmendeditsways.FurtherarrangementsandtheremaybemanybetweentheNHSandDeepMindwillbecarefullyscrutinisedtoensurethatallnecessarypermissionshavebeenaskedofpatientsandallunnecessarydatahasbeencleaned.Therearelessonsaboutinformedpatientconsenttolearn.Butprivacyisnottheonlyangleinthiscaseandnoteventhemostimportant.Ms.DenhamchosetoconcentratetheblameontheNHStrust,sinceunderexistinglawitcontrolledthedataandDeepMindmerelyprocessedit.33Butthisdistinctionmissesthepointthatitisprocessingandaggregation,notthemerepossessionofbits,thatgivesthedatavalue.Para3Thegreatquestioniswhoshouldbenefitfromtheanalysisofallthedatathatourlivesnowgenerate.Privacylawbuildsontheconceptofdamagetoanindividualfromidentifiableknowledgeaboutthem.Thatmissesthewaythesurveillanceeconomyworks.Thedataofanindividualtheregainsitsvalueonlywhenitiscomparedwiththedataofcountlessmillionsmore.Para4Theuseofprivacylawtocurbthetechgiantsinthisinstancefeelsslightlymaladapted.Thispracticedoesnotaddresstherealworry.ItisnotenoughtoDeepMind32DeepMindDeepMind33DeepMindsaythatthealgorithmsDeepMinddevelopswillbenefitpatientsandsavelives.34Whatmattersisthattheywillbelongtoaprivatemonopolywhichdevelopedthemusingpublicresources.Ifsoftwarepromisestosavelivesonthescalethatdugsnowcan,bigdatamaybeexpectedtobehaveasabigpharmhasdone.35Wearestillatthebeginningofthisrevolutionandsmallchoicesnowmayturnouttohavegiganticconsequenceslater.34Alongstrugglewillbeneededtoavoidafutureofdigitalfeudalism.Ms.Denham'sreportisawelcomestart.34353431.[B]31.WhatistrueoftheagreementbetweentheNHSandDeepMind?31.NHSDeepMind[A]Itcausedconflictsamongtechgiants[A][B]Itfailedtopaydueattentiontopatientsrights[B]NHSDeepMindagreementElizabethDenham......NHSDeepMind[B][C]Itfellshortofthelatter'sexpectations[C]DeepMind[D]Itputbothsidesintoadangeroussituation[D]32.[C]32.TheNHStrustrespondedtoDenham'sverdictwith_______.32.NHStrust_____.[A]emptypromises[A][B]toughresistance[B][C]necessaryadjustments[C]TheNHStrustNHSmendonesway[C][D]sincereapologies[D]DeepMindNHStrust33.[D]33.TheauthorarguesinParagraph2that______.______.[A]privacyprotectionmustbesecuredatallcosts[A]all[B]leakingpatients'dataisworsethansellingit[B][C]makingprofitsfrompatients'dataisillegal[C][D]thevalueofdatacomesfromtheprocessingofit[D][D]34.[D]34.Accordingtothelastparagraph,therealworryarising34.fromthisdealis______.______.[A]theviciousrivalryamongbigpharmas[A][B]theineffectiveenforcementofprivacylaw[B][C]theuncontrolleduseofnewsoftware[C]softwaresoftwarenew[C][D]themonopolyofbigdatabytechgiants[D]realworrywhatmatters...[D]35.[B]35.Theauthor'sattitudetowardtheapplicationofAItohealthcareis______._____.[A]ambiguous[A][B]cautious[D][C]appreciative[C][D]contemptuous