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20201H1C12N14O16Na23Al27P31S32Cl35.5V51Fe566421.75%(CH3COOOH)A.CH3CH2OHB.NaClOC.76D.DA.AB.BC.C2H4O376CD.DD2.A.C14H14O4B.C.D.BA.C14H14O4AB.BC.CD.DB3.()ASO2(H2S)BCl2(HCl)CN2(O2)DNO(NO2)A.AB.BC.CD.DAASO2H2SH2SSO2ABBC22CuO==2CuOCDNO2NaOH23222NO2NaOH=NaNONaNOHONONaOHNONO2NaOH222NONO2NaOH=2NaNOHONODA4.[Rh(CO)2I2]A.CH3COIB.CH3OH+CO=CH3CO2HC.RhD.CH3OH+HI=CH3I+H2OCACH3COICH3IHIABCO22RhCOI33CHOHCOCHCOOHBCCDCH3COIHICH3I332CHOH+HICHIHODC5.1934(42He)WZX30Z+2YWZX+42He30Z+2Y+10nXY8A.WZX26B.XYC.XYD.YBA2713Al2727ABAlAlCl3PPCl3BCAlPAlPAlPCDPH3PO4H3PO3H3PO2DB6.Zn-CO2CO2A.24Zn2e4OHZn(OH)B.1molCO2HCOOH2molC.24222ZnOH)2ZnO4OHO(2HD.OH-DAZn--2-4Zn-2e+4OH=Zn(OH)ABCO2HCOOHC21molCO2HCOOH2molBCH2OO22-4Zn(OH)Zn2--4222Zn(OH)=2Zn+O+4OH+2HOCD-+222HO-4e=4H+OH+c(H+)?c(OH-)=KWKWOH-DD7.0.1000mol-1NaOH20.00mLH2ApHNaOHVNaOH[A2-2-2--2-2c(A)(A)=c(HA)+c(HA)+c(A)]A.2(HA)-(HA)B.H2A0.2000mol-1C.HA-Ka=1.010-2D.+2--(Na)2(A)+(HA)cccCA(HA-)(A2-)AB40.00mLNaOHpH2NaOH+H2A=Na2A+2H2Oc(H2A)=0.1000mol/L40mL220.00mL=0.1000mol/LBCH2AHA-0.1000mol/LVNaOH=0HA-0.9pH=1A2-0.1HA-Ka=2-+-(A)(H)(HA)ccc=0.1000mol/L0.10.1000mol/L0.1000mol/L0.9110-2CDpH8.2~10c(OH-)c(H+)c(Na+)+c(H+)=2c(A2-)+c(HA-)+c(OH-)c(Na+)2c(A2-)+c(HA-)DC()8.+3+4+5SiO2Fe3O4NH4VO3pHFe3+Fe2+Al3+Mn2+pH1.97.03.08.1pH3.29.04.710.1(1)___________(2)VO+VO2+2VO___________VO+2VO___________(3)252VOxHOK+Mg2+Na+______________________(4)252VOxHO___________(5)pH___________(6)NH4VO3NH4Cl___________(1).(2).Fe2+(3).VO++MnO2+2H+=+2VO+Mn2++H2O(4).Mn2+(5).Fe3+Al3+(6).Fe(OH)3(7).NaAlO2+HCl+H2O=NaCl+Al(OH)3Na[Al(OH)4]+HCl=NaCl+Al(OH)3+H2O(8).NH4VO3(1)(2)Fe3O4FeSO4Fe2(SO4)3MnO2Fe2+VO+VO2++2VOFe2+MnO2+2Fe2++4H+=Mn2++2Fe3++2H2OVO++2VO+3+51molVO+2molMnO2Mn2+Mn+4+21molMnO22molVO++2VOVO++MnO2+2H+=+2VO+Mn2++H2OFe2+VO++MnO2+2H+=+2VO+Mn2++H2O(3)V2O5xH2OK+Mg2+Na+Mn2+Fe3+Al3+Mn2+Fe3+Al3+(4)Fe(OH)3Fe(OH)3(5)pHNaAlO2HClAl(OH)3NaAlO2+HCl+H2O=NaCl+Al(OH)3Na[Al(OH)4]+HCl=NaCl+Al(OH)3+H2ONaAlO2+HCl+H2O=NaCl+Al(OH)3Na[Al(OH)4]+HCl=NaCl+Al(OH)3+H2O(6)NH4VO3NH4ClNH4+NH4VO3NH4VO39.(1)FeSO47H2O0.10mol-1FeSO4_________()(2)(u)____________u108/(m2-1-1)u108/(m2-1-1)Li+4.073HCO4.61Na+5.193NO7.40Ca2+6.59Cl-7.91K+7.6224SO8.27(3)________(4)c(Fe2+)0.02mol-1Fec(Fe2+)=________(5)(3)(4)______________Fe2+________________(6)FeSO4Fe2(SO4)3_______(1).(2).KCl(3).(4).0.09mol/L(5).Fe3++e-=Fe2+(6).Fe-2e-=Fe2+(7).Fe3+(8).Fe(9).KSCN(1)FeSO47H2O0.10mol-1FeSO4FeSO47H2O0.10mol-1FeSO4(2)Fe2+Fe3+-3HCOCa2+2-4SOFeSO4Fe2(SO4)3-3NOFe2+-3HCO-3NOCa2+uKClKCl(3)(4)(3)Fe-2e-=Fe2+FeFe3++e-=Fe2+cFe2+0.02mol/LcFe2+0.04mol/LcFe2+=0.05mol/L+0.04mol/L=0.09mol/L0.09mol/L(5)(3)(4)Fe3++e-=Fe2+Fe-2e-=Fe2+Fe+2Fe3+=3Fe2+Fe2+Fe3+FeFe3++e-=Fe2+Fe-2e-=Fe2+Fe3+Fe(6)FeSO4Fe2(SO4)3Fe+Fe2(SO4)3=3FeSO4Fe3+KSCNKSCN10.SO2SO2(g)+12O2(g)SO3(g)H=-98kJmol-1(1)V2O5(s)SO2(g)VOSO4(s)V2O4(s)_________(2)SO2(g)O2(g)N2(g)7.5%10.5%82%0.5MPa2.5MPa5.0MPaSO25.0MPa550______________________________(3)()2m%SO2(g)m%O2(g)q%N2(g)tpSO2SO3___________Kp=___________(=)(4)SO2v=k(-1)0.8(1-n')ktSO2SO2n'=0.90kv~tvtmttmvttmv__________________________(1).2V2O5(s)+2SO2(g)?2VOSO4(s)+V2O4(s)?H=-351kJ?mol-1(2).0.975(3).5505.0MPa2.5MPapp1=5.0MPa(4).N2O2(5).2m100mp(6).0.51.51100mpm(7).kvvttmkvttmkv(1)SO2(g)+12O2(g)?SO3(g)?H=-98kJ?mol-1V2O4(s)+SO3(g)?V2O5(s)+SO2(g)?H2=-24kJ?mol-1V2O4(s)+2SO3(g)?2VOSO4(s)?H1=-399kJ?mol-1-22V2O5(s)+2SO2(g)?2VOSO4(s)+V2O4(s)?H=?H1-2?H2=(-399kJ?mol-1)-(-24kJ?mol-1)2=-351kJ?mol-12V2O5(s)+2SO2(g)?2VOSO4(s)+V2O4(s)?H=-351kJ?mol-1(2)SO2(g)+12O2(g)?SO3(g)SO25505.0MPaSO22.5MPap1=5.0MPa=0.975N2O2(3)100molSO2O2N22mmolmmolqmol2m+m+q=3m+q=100SO22231SO+OSO20()2mm2()22()2m(1-)m(1)molmmolmmmmoln()=2m(1-)+m(1-)+2mmol+qmolSO33nSO2mmol2m100%100%100%n2m1m12mmolqmol100mSO3p(SO3)=2m100mpp(SO2)=2m1100mpp(O2)=m1100mpSO2(g)+12O2(g)?2SO3(g)Kp=30.50.50.51.5222mSO100mSO2m1m11100100m100mppppOmpppm(4)v=0.8k11nkvvttmkvttmkv()11.Goodenough2019(1)Fe2+Fe3+_________(2)Li(I1)I1(Li)I1(Na)_________I1(Be)I1(B)I1(Li)________(3)_______P______________(4)LiFePO4(a)OFePLiFePO4____LiFeO4Li+Li1-xFePO4(b)x=_______n(Fe2+)n(Fe3+)=_______(1).4:5(2).NaLiNa(3).LiBeBBesB(4).(5).4(6).sp3(7).4(8).3160.1875(9).13:3(1)623d4sFe2+Fe3+63d53dHundFe2+4Fe3+54:5(2)11LiNaIIAsA111BeBLiIII(3)34PO44Psp34sp3(4)LiFePO4FeOPO(a),(b)(c)(a)(c)(a)LiFePO4Li+84Li+111844=4824(a)LiFePO44FeP4LiFePO4Li+FeP44LiFePO4(a)(b)Li1-xFePO4LiFePO4Li+Li+LiFePO4Li4Fe4P4O16Li1-xFePO4Li3.25Fe4P4O163.251-x=4x=0.1875Li1-xFePO4Li0.8125FePO4Fe2+Fe3+xyx+y=10.81252x3y+5=42x=0.8125y=0.1875Li1-xFePO423(Fe):(Fe)=0.8125:0.1875=13:3nn12.()()()FH2C=CH23CClCOONa/+RNH2NaOH2HCl(1)A________(2)BC________(3)C________(4)CD________(5)D________(6)E6221________________(1).(2).+KOH+KCl+H2O(3).(4).(5).(6).6(7).(1)AC2HCl3ClHC=CCl2(2)BC+KOH+KCl+H2O(3)C(4)CDDEFFCCD(5)DFD(6)E6221620201H1C12N14O16Na23Al27P31S32Cl35.5V51Fe566421.75%(CH3COOOH)A.CH3CH2OHB.NaClOC.76D.2.A.C14H14O4B.C.D.3.()ASO2(H2S)BCl2(HCl)CN2(O2)DNO(NO2)A.AB.BC.CD.D4.[Rh(CO)2I2]A.CH3COIB.CH3OH+CO=CH3CO2HC.RhD.CH3OH+HI=CH3I+H2O5.1934(42He)WZX30Z+2YWZX+42He30Z+2Y+10nXY8A.WZX26B.XYC.XYD.Y6.Zn-CO2CO2A.24Zn2e4OHZn(OH)B.1molCO2HCOOH2molC.24222ZnOH)2ZnO4OHO(2HD.OH-7.0.1