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1123451ykxbkb0kx0bykxykxb0b0kykx0b0k2y=kx(kk0)ky=kx(kkx1bk0y=kxxyk0y=kxxy(1)y=kxk0(2)001k(3)k0k0(4)k0xk0x(5)|k|y|k|x3y=kxb(k,bk0)yx.b=0y=kxy=kxy=kx+b(kk1by=kx+b0bkb0y=kx+b,y=kx|b|.b0b01y=kx+b(k0)20bkb03k0k0b0b000bk00bk00bk00bk4k0xk0x5|k|y|k|x6b0y=kxbb0y=kxb0kkxbkkb0k0k0b0b0b0b0b0byxyx4y=kx.0b.0b0b0b=0k0xk0x5y=kxy=kx|b|b0b06y=kx(kk0)ky=kxb(k,bk0)yx.b=0y=kxX001k0bkb0k0k0k0b0,k0bk0bk0bk0xk0x|k|y|k|xb0y=kxbb0y=kxb611bxky01k22bxky02k121kk21bb221kk321kk21bb4121kk712x348ax+b=0aa00y=ax+bx9ax+b0ax+b0aa00101ax+by=cy=bcxba2222111cybxacybxay=1111bcxbay=2222bcxba12yaxbxcabc0a0abc2.2yaxbxcxx2abcabc120fxaxbxca220fxaxmna3120fxaxxxxa20fxaxbxca0a0a2bxa2bxa,2bxa24,24bacbaa24,4acba24,4acba,2ba,2ba,2ba,2ba240bacx11,0Mx22,0Mx212124bacMMxxaa240bacx,02bMa0b20fxaxbxca1.2yaxa2.2yaxc3.2yaxha0a00y0xyx0xyx0xy00a00y0xyx0xyx0xy0a0a0cy0xyx0xyx0xyc0a0cy0xyx0xyx0xyca0a0hX=hxhyxxhyxxhy04.2yaxhk1.2yaxhkhk2yaxhk2.hkcbxaxy2y:mcbxaxy2mcbxaxy2mcbxaxy2cbxaxy2mcbxaxy2cmxbmxay)()(2cmxbmxay)()(20a0hX=hxhyxxhyxxhy0a0ahkX=hxhyxxhyxxhyk0ahkX=hxhyxxhyxxhyk2yaxhk2yaxbxc2yaxhk2yaxbxc22424bacbyaxaa2424bacbhkaa2yaxbxc2yaxbxc2()yaxhk.y0c0c2hcx10x20xxxy2yaxbxc1.0a2bxa2424bacbaa2bxayx2bxayx2bxay244acba2.0a2bxa2424bacbaa2bxayx2bxayx2bxay244acba1.2yaxbxcabc0a2.2()yaxhkahk0a3.12()()yaxxxx0a1x2xxx240bac1.a2yaxbxca0a0aaa0aaaaaa2.bab0a0b02bay0b02bay0b02bay0a0b02bay0b02bay0b02bayababx2y0aby0ab3.c0cyxy0cyy00cyxycyabc1.2.3.x4.1.x2yaxbxcx2yaxbxc2yaxhkx2yaxhk2.y2yaxbxcy2yaxbxc2yaxhky2yaxhk3.2yaxbxc2yaxbxc2yaxhk2yaxhk4.1802yaxbxc222byaxbxca2yaxhk2yaxhk5.mn2yaxhkmn222yaxhmnka1.x20axbxc2yaxbxc0yx240bacx1200AxBx12()xx12xx200axbxca2214bacABxxa.0x0x1'0axx0y2'0axx0y2.2yaxbxcy(0)c3.x2yaxbxcabcabcx200axbxca20fxaxbxcax0x0x0x200axbxca20fxaxbxcax200axbxca20fxaxbxcaxx200axbxca20fxaxbxcaxx200axbxca20fxaxbxcax1XYK021.k0xk0,yx2.k0x0x0k0x0x0x0y03.y=k/x(k0)00xy4.PQPxS1S2S1S2=|K|5.y=xy=-x6.y=mxy=n/xAmAB7.y=k/xy=mx+nn^2+4k08.y=k/xy9.y=x,y=-x,10.mxqwmwqo|k|11.k12.|k|13.y=a^xa0a1xR11.ay2.ayy0ayyyy3.aR0aR4.1.2.3.4.01f(X)1.y=ax(-+)y=ax(a0a1)y=logax(a0a1).y=ax(-+)(0+)y=logax(0+)(-+).2.y=x.y=logax(a0a1)y=log2xy=log10xy=log10x,y=log21x,y=log101xy=logax(a0a1).aa(1)x(2)x=1y=0(3)xy0xy(3)xy0xy(4)(0+)(4)(0+)y1=logaxy2=logbxa1b1(0a0b1)xay120xaby12(1)(2).(3)(4)10-13.y=ax(a0a1)y=logax(a0a1)(-+(0+(0+(-+a)0(1)0(1)0(1xxxax0a)0(1)0(1)0(1xxxaxa)1(0)1(0)1(0logxxxxa0a)1(0)1(0)1(0logxxxxaax0axalogax0alogaxy=axy=logaxy=xnyxnnyx112,1,,,323n11,1211,,1,2,332a0,31,1,22a0,4nyx1nOxyOxyOxy01nOxyOxyOxy0nOxyOxyOxyyx2yx3yx12yx1yxRRR|0xx|0xxyxxRyxxR)1,1(21,3,2,1yx)0,0(1yx2c3,2yx1c21yx3c1yx)0,0(4c0yx1)1,1(),0,0(231104)1,1(0yx1)1,1(23yx4)1,1(yxxbaxya0,b00+x0abxbax2xbaxabxxbaxya0,b0,x+abxxbaxya0,b0,x+ab2a=b=12xbaxya0,b00abab+xbaxya0,b0xbaxya0,b0,x-abxxbaxya0,b0,x-ab2a=b=1-2xbaxya0,b0-abab0