英语四级选词填空真题及答案

201612PARTReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthethepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Manymenandwomenhavelongboughtintotheideathattherearemaleandfemalebrains,believingthatexplainsjustabouteverydifferencebetweenthenewstudy26thatbelief,questioningwhetherbrainsreallycanbedistinguishedbygender.Inthestudy,TelAvivUniversityresearchers27forsexdifferencesthroughouttheentirehumanbrainAndwhatdidtheyfind?Notmuch.Ratherthanofferevidencefor28brainsasmaleorfemale,researchshowsthatbrainsfallintoawiderange,withmostpeoplefallingrightinthemiddle.DaphnaJoel,wholedthestudy,saidherresearchfoundthatwhiletherearesomegenderbased29,manydifferenttypesofbraincantalwaysbedistinguishedbygender.Whiletheaveragemaleandaveragefemalebrainswere30different,youcouldnttellitbylookingatindividualbrainscans.Onlyasmall31ofpeoplehadall-maleorall-femalecharacteristics.LarryCahill,anAmericanneuroscientist()saidthestudyisanimportantadditiontoagrowingbodyofresearchquestioning32beliefsaboutgenderandbrainfunction.Buthecautionedagainstconcludingfromthisstudythatallbrainsarethesame,33ofgender.Theresamountainofevidence34theimportanceofsexinfluencesatalllevelsofbrainfunction,hetoldTheSeattleTimes.Ifanything,hesaid,thestudy35thatgenderplaysaveryimportantroleinthebrainevenwhenwearenotclearexactlyhow.Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Itsourguiltypleasure:WatchingTVisthemostcommoneverydayactivity,afterworkandsleep,inmanypartsoftheworld.AmericansviewfivehoursofTVeachday,andwhileweknowthatspendingsomuchtimesitting36canleadtoobesity()andotherdiseases,researchershavenowquantifiedjusthow37beingacouchpotatocanbe.Inananalysisofdatafromeightlarge38publishedstudies,aHarvard-ledgroupreportedintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationthatforeverytwohoursperdayspentchannel39,theriskofdevelopingType2diabetes()rose20%overyears,theriskofheartdiseaseincreased15%overa40,andtheoddsofdyingprematurely4113%duringaseven-yearfollow-up.Allofthese42arelinkedtoalackofphysicalexercise.Butcomparedwithothersedentary()activities,likeknitting,viewingTVmaybeespecially43atpromotingunhealthyhabits.Forone,thesheernumberofhourswepasswatchingTVdwarfsthetimewespendonanythingelse.Andotherstudieshavefoundthatwatchingadsforbeerandpopcornmaymakeyoumorelikelyto44them.Evenso,theauthorsadmitthattheydidntcomparedifferentsedentaryactivitiesto45whetherTVwatchingwaslinkedtoagreaterriskofdiabetes,heartdiseaseorearlydeathcomparedwith,say,reading.A)climbedB)consumeC)decadeD)determineE)effectiveF)harmfulG)outcomesH)passivelyI)previouslyJ)resumeK)sufferedL)surfingM)termN)terminalsO)twisting36.passively????sittingpassively36sittingpassivelypreviously37.harmfulquantifiedjusthowharmfulbeingacouchpotatohow(???)beingacouchpotatocanbehoweffectiveharmfulharmful38.previouslypreviouslypublishedstudies38published36previously39.surfingspentchannelsurfingchanneltelevisionsurfingatchingsurfingsurfing40.decadeincreased15%overadecade?1015%40and40overoverduringaseven-yearfollowupdecade41.climbedtheoddsclimbed13%13%40and20%15%climbed42.outcomesalloftheseoutcomesoutcomes43.effectivebeespeciallyeffectiveatpromotingunhealthyhabitsbeeffectiveatdoing44.consumemakeyoumorelikelytoconsumethem?thembeerpopcornconsumeconsume45.determineto3consume44resumedeterminedetermineReadingisthoughttobeakindofconversationbetweenthereaderandthetext.Thereaderputsquestions,asitwere,tothetextandgetsanswers.Inthelightoftheseheputs__1__questions,andsoon.Formostofthetimethisconversationgoesonbelowthelevelofconsciousness.Attimes,however,webecome__2__ofit.Thisisusuallywhenwearerunningintodifficulties,whenmismatchisoccurringbetween__3__andmeaning.Whensuccessfulmatchingisbeingexperienced,ourquestionofthetextcontinuesattheunconsciouslevel.Differentpeople__4__withthetextdifferently.Somestayveryclosetothewordsonthepage,otherstakeoffimaginativelyfromthewords,interpreting,criticizing,analyzingandexamining.Theformerrepresentsakindofcomprehensionwhichis__5__inthetext.Thelatterrepresents__6__levelsofcomprehension.Thebalancebetweentheseisimportant,especiallyforadvancedreaders.Thereisanotherconversationwhichfromourpointofviewis__7__important,andthatistodonotwithwhatisreadbutwithhowitisread.Wecallthisaprocessconversationas__8__toacontentconversation.Itisconcernednotwithmeaningbutwiththe__9__weemployinreading.Ifweareanadvancedreaderourabilitytoholdaprocessconversationwithatextisusuallyprettywell__10__.Notsoourabi