人教版高中英语必修四Unit2课文翻译Unit2Workingtheland―Reading―APIONEERFORALLPEOPLE造福全人类的先驱者AlthoughheisoneofChina'smostfamousscientists,YuanLongpingconsidershimselfafarmer,forheworksthelandtodohisresearch.尽管是中国最著名的科学家之一,袁隆平仍然认为自己是个农民,因为他在田里耕作,进行科学研究。Indeed,hissunburntfaceandarmsandhisslim,strongbodyarejustlikethoseofmillionsofChinesefarmers,forwhomhehasstruggledforthepastfivedecades.的确,他被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞和和手臂,以及他那瘦削而又结实的身躯,就跟其他千百万中国农民一样,过去50年来,他一直在努力帮助他们。DrYuanLongpinggrowswhatiscalledsuperhybridrice.袁博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻的”的稻种。In1974,hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowricethathasahighoutput.1974年,他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduceone-thirdmoreofthecropinthesamefields.这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获三分之一的产量。Nowmorethan60%ofthericeproducedinChinaeachyearisfromthishybridstrain.如今中国每年出产的稻米有60%以上出自这种杂交稻种。Borninapoorfarmer'sfamilyin1930,DrYuangraduatedfromSouthwestAgriculturalCollegein1953.袁博士1930年出生,1953年毕业于西南农学院。Sincethen,findingwaystogrowmorericehasbeenhislifegoal.从那时起,找到水稻高产的方法就成为他一生的目标。Asayoungman,hesawthegreatneedforincreasingthericeoutput.年轻时,他就看到了稻田增产的巨大需求。Atthattime,hungerwasadisturbingprobleminmanypartsofthecountryside.当时,饥荒是许多农村地区面临的严重问题。DrYuansearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpandingtheareaofthefields.袁博士要在不增加土地面积的基础上寻求达到增收稻谷的途径。In1950,Chinesefarmerscouldproduceonlyfiftymilliontonsofrice.1950年,中国农民只能生产五千万吨稻谷,Inarecentharvest,however,nearlytwohundredmilliontonsofricewasproduced.而近来却生产了将近两亿吨稻谷。Theseincreasedharvestsmeanthat22%oftheworld'speoplearefedfromjust7%ofthefarmlandinChina.这一粮食产量的增加意味着中国仅仅7%的耕地养活了世界22%的人口。DrYuanisnowcirculatinghisknowledgeinIndia,Vietnamandmanyotherlessdevelopedcountriestoincreasetheirriceharvests.袁博士现在在印度、越南和很多其他欠发达国家传播提高水稻产量的知识。Thankstohisresearch,theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhunger.多亏了他的研究,联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中有了更多的办法。Usinghishybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.用他的杂交水稻种子,农民种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。DrYuanisquitesatisfiedwithhislife.袁博士很满意他的生活。However,hedoesn'tcareaboutbeingfamous.Hefeelsitgiveshimlessfreedomtodohisresearch.但是,他对成名并不在意,并且觉得出名后搞科研就不那么自由了。Hewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbles.他宁愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。Heenjoyslisteningtoviolinmusic,playingmah-jong,swimmingandreading.他喜欢听小提琴乐曲、打麻将、游泳和读书。Spendingmoneyonhimselforleadingacomfortablelifealsomeansverylittletohim.在自己身上花钱或者享受舒适的生活对袁博士来说意义不大。Indeed,hebelievesthatapersonwithtoomuchmoneyhasmoreratherthanfewertroubles.事实上,他认为一个人有了太多钱,他的麻烦事只会更多,而不是更少。Hethereforegivesmillionsofyuantoequipothersfortheirresearchinagriculture.于是,他拿出好几百万元帮助其他人进行农业科学研究。Justdreamingforthings,however,costsnothing.梦想是不花本钱的。LongagoDryuanhadadreamaboutriceplantsastallassorghum.Eachearofricewasasbigasanearofcornandeachgrainofricewasashugeasapeanut.很久以前,袁博士曾在梦里看到水稻长得像高粱一样高,稻穗跟玉米穗一样大,而每粒稻谷像花生米一样大。DrYuanawokefromhisdreamwiththehopeofproducingakindofricethatcouldfeedmorepeople.袁博士从梦中醒来,希望能种植一种能养活更多人的水稻。Now,manyyearslater,DrYuanhasanotherdream:toexporthisricesothatitcanbegrownaroundtheglobe.在很多年后的今天,袁博士还有另外一个梦想,那就是他的稻谷可以出口并长遍全球。Onedreamisnotalwaysenough,especiallyforapersonwholovesandcaresforhispeople.一个梦想总是不够的,尤其对一个热爱和关心人民的人来说更是如此。UsingLanguageReadingCHEMICALORORGANICFARMING?化学耕作还是有机耕作?Overthepasthalfcentury,usingchemicalfertilizershasbecomeverycommoninfarming.在过去的半个世纪里,在耕作中使用化肥已经非常普遍。Manyfarmerswelcomedthemasagreatwaytostopcropdiseaseandincreaseproduction.很多农民喜欢使用化肥。把化肥作为防治农作物病虫害和提高产量的重要手段。Recently,however,scientistshavebeenfindingthatlong-termuseofthesefertilizerscancausedamagetothelandand,evenmoredangerous,topeople'shealth.然而,最近科学家发现长期使用这些肥料会造成土地受损,甚至更危险的是,会对人们的健康造成危害。Whataresomeoftheproblemscausedbychemicalfertilizers?化肥带来的问题有哪些呢?First,theydamagethelandbykillingthehelpfulbacteriaandpestsaswellastheharmfulones.首先,化肥在杀死病菌和害虫的同时也会杀死有益的细菌和昆虫,从而破坏土地。Chemicalsalsostayinthegroundandundergroundwaterforalongtime.化学物质还会在地里和地下水中保存很长时间,Thisaffectscropsand,therefore,animalsandhumans,sincechemicalsgetinsidethecropsandcannotjustbewashedoff.而这会影响到庄稼,进而影响到动物和人类,因为化学成分会进入到农作物中,并且不能被冲洗掉。Thesechemicalsinthefoodsupplybuildupinpeople'sbodiesovertime.随着时间的推移,食物中的这些化学成分会在人体中堆积。Manyofthesechemicalscanleadtocancerorotherillnesses.很多化学成分能导致癌症或其他疾病。Inaddition,fruit,vegetablesandotherfoodgrownwithchemicalfertilizersusuallygrowtoofasttobefullofmuchnutrition.另外,施过化肥的水果、蔬菜和其他食物通常生长得过快而营养不足。Theymaylookbeautiful,butinsidethereisusuallymorewaterthanvitaminsandminerals.它们表面上很好看,但里面通常是含过多的水分,而不是维生素和矿物质。Withthesediscoveries,somefarmersandmanycustomersarebeginningtoturntoorganicfarming.由于这些发现,一些农民和消费者开始转向有机耕作。Organicfarmingissimplyfarmingwithoutusinganychemicals.有机耕作就是不用任何化学肥料的耕作。Theyfocusonkeepingtheirsoilrichandfreeofdisease.农民关心的是保持土壤肥沃并且免受病害。Ahealthysoilreducesdiseaseandhelpscropsgrowstrongandhealthy.健康的土壤会减少病虫害并且帮助农作物茁壮成长。Organicfarmers,therefore,oftenpreferusingnaturalwastefromanimalsasfertilizer.因此,有机耕作的农民通常喜欢把天然的动物粪便当作肥料。Theyfeelthatthismakesthesoilintheirfieldsricherinmineralsandsomorefertile.他们认为这样会使地里的土壤更富含矿物质,因而也会更加肥沃,Thisalsokeepstheair,soil,waterandcropsfreefromchemicals.同时还可以让空气、土壤、水以及农作物不受化学物质的污染。Organicfarmersalsousemanyothermethodstokeepthesoilfe