Unit5Goodmanners5.1Comicstrip&Welcometotheunit1、mannersn.[复]礼貌,礼仪;规矩Youshouldlearnaboutmanners.你应该学习规矩礼仪。常用复数形式的单词有:clothes衣服trousers裤子chopsticks筷子2、meanv.意思,意味着Whatdoesthepublicsignmean?这个公共标志是什么意思?meaningn.意思meaningfuladj.有意义的meaninglessadj.没有意义的3.cutin“cutin(onsb./sth.)”表示“打断(谈话),插嘴”Don’tcutinonothers.不要打断别人(的谈话)。cutdown砍下(树木)cutout剪出;戒掉cutoff切断;断绝cutshort缩短(旅行)等4.politelypolitelyadv.有礼貌地politeadj.有礼貌的impoliteadj.无礼的Alwayswaitpolitely总是礼貌地等着5.litterlittern.垃圾littervi.丢垃圾Nolittering禁止droplittereverywhere到处丢垃圾Nolittering禁止丢垃圾6.runrunvi.跑步;流动;经营Runningregularlyisgoodforourhealth.Runacompany.经营一家公司。Don’tkeepthewaterrunningallthetime.不要让谁一直放着。5.2Reading1.What’stheproperwaytogreetpeoplethere,Jenny?properadj.符合习俗的;正确的Sheisalwaysproperinherbehavior.她的行为总是符合习俗。2.Peoplesay“hello”or...andshakeyourhandwhentheymeetyouforthefirsttime.1、shakeyourhandwithsb.和某人握手2、dosth.forthefirsttime第一次做某事Chinesepeopleusuallyshakeyourhandtoexpresstheirfriendliness.中国人通常用握手来表达友好。3.Dotheygreetpeoplewithakiss?(1)greetvt.问候;打招呼greetsomebodywith…以……方式跟人打招呼Shegreeteduswithasmile.她微笑着跟我们打了个招呼。(2)kissn.亲吻vt.亲吻4.Butpleaseavoidsubjectslikeage,weightormoney.avoidsth.避免某事avoiddoingsth.避免做某事Youshouldavoideatingsuchunhealthyfood.你应避免吃这些不健康的食品。subjectn.话题;主题Thisbookincludesmanydifferentsubjects.这本书包含了许多话题。5.Dopeopletherebehavepolitelyinpublic?behavev.表现Idonotthinkit'sproperforyoutobehaveso.我认为您这样的举止不合体统。publicn.民众,群体Thepalaceisnowopentothepublic.宫殿现在向民众开放了。inpublic公开地,在别人面前Smokingisnotallowedinpublicplaces.公共场所不允许抽烟。6.Theythinkit’srudetopushinbeforeothers.Itis+adj+(forsb)+todosth.(对某人来说,)做某事……句型中的it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的todosth.ItisimpolitetoaskBritishpeoplehowoldtheyare.问英国人多大年龄是不礼貌的。pushv.推,挤(与push相对应的词是pull,意为“拉,拖,拔”)Don’tpushthedoor.Pullit,please.不要推门。请拉开。pushin插队,加塞(美语常用“cutin”)7.Also,iftheybumpintosomeoneinthestreet,they'llsay“sorry”.另外,如果他们在街上撞到别人,他们会说“对不起”。bumpintosomeone意为“撞到某人;巧遇某人”。Ibumpedintooneofmyoldfriendswhenlwasshopping.我购物时巧遇我的一位老朋友。Ibumpedintohimandhefelltotheground,buthedidn'thurthimself.我撞到了他,他跌倒到地上,但没有受伤。8.Ifyou’reintheway,theywon’ttouchyouorpushpastyou.inone’sway挡住某人的路Icouldn'twalkveryfastbecausealotofpeoplegotinmyway.我不能走的很快,因为很多人挡了我的路。(1)用作及物动词,意为“触摸;触及;碰到”。Don'ttouchtheclothesonmydesk.别碰我桌子上的衣服。Shefellasleepthemomentherheadtouchedthepillow.她头一挨枕头就睡着了。(2)用作名词,意为“触;碰;摸;触感,触觉;感觉,感受”。常构成短语:keepin/intotouchwith…与……保持联系。Doyoukeepintouchwithyourteacher?你和你的老师有联系吗?9.They'llsayexcusemeandbepoliteenoughtowaittillyoumove.他们会说“打扰了”并足够耐心地等到你移开。“Excuseme.”是打扰别人时用的;“Iamsorry.”是做错事或委婉拒绝别人的请求时用的。excuse既可以作名词,也可以作动词。作名词时,可意为“借口”;作动词时,可意为“原谅”。Maryexplainedwhyshewaslate,butwedidn’tacceptherexcuse.玛丽解释了为什么他迟到了,但是我们没有接受她的借口。Pleaseexcusehimforarrivinglate.请原谅他来晚了。---Excuseme,couldyoutellmethewaytothebookshop?劳驾,请问去书店怎么走?---Iamsorry.Iamnewhere.对不起。我是新来的。10.Britishpeopledon'tliketoshoutorlaughloudly.英国人不喜欢大喊或是大笑。(1)aloud强调发出的声音能被听见,意思为“出声地;大声地”,常与read,call等动词连用。Pleasereadthetextaloud.请大声朗读一下课文。(2)loud意为“响亮地;大声;高声地”,侧重发出的音量大、传得远,一般多用来修饰speak,talk,laugh等动词。loud还可以用作形容词。Speaklouder,please,ornoonewillhearyou.请大声些,否则没人能听见。(3)loudly意为“响亮地”,其基本意义与loud相同,常与ring,knock等动词连用。loudly放在动词前后均可,含有“喧闹”或“嘈杂”的意味。Suddenlythebellonthewallrangloudly.突然,墙上的钟大声地响起来。11.Britishpeopleareverypoliteathomeaswell,aren’tthey?aswell一般不用否定句,通常放在句末,强调时可放在句中。either用于否定句,放在句末,之前加逗号。too语气较轻,多用于口语,在肯定句中使用,通常位于句末。also比too正式一些,语气较重,只用于肯定句,一般紧靠动词。12.Justasthesayinggoes,“WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.”sayingn.谚语;格言MygrandpaknowsalotofEnglishsayings.我祖母知道很多英语格言。WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.入乡随俗。5.3Grammarenoughtodo&too…to…1.Youareoldenoughtolearnaboutmanners.你已经到了学习礼仪的年龄了。enough常构成如下句型:主语+be+形容词+enough+todosth.意为“某人/某物够……能”。Heistallenoughtoreachtheballontheshelf.他够高能够到架子上的球。Theclassroomisbigenoughtoholdsomanystudents.这间教室够大能容纳如此多的学生。否定式为“主语+benot+形容词+enough+todosth.”,意为“某人/某物(不)够……而(不)能……”。Themanisn'tstrongenoughtocarrythebag.这个人不够强壮拿不动这个包。2.TheUKistoofarawayforJennytogothereonherown.英国太远了珍妮不能独自去那里。too…to…常构成如下句型:“主语+be+too+形容词+todosth.”意为“某人/某物太……而不能……”。Theboyistooyoungtohelpyou.这个男孩太小而不能帮你。(1)有时我们需要在todosth.的前面加上forsomeone,此时句中的动词必须为及物动词,若为不及物动词须再加上适当的介词。Thetextistoolongforustoread.这篇课文太长我们读不了。(read是及物动词)Theroomistoosmallforustwotolivein.这个房间太小我们两个人住不下。(live是不及物动词)(2)“too+形容词+todosth.”可以和“not+该形容词的反义词+enough+todosth.”的结构转换。Themanistooweaktodothejob.=Themanisn'tstrongenoughtodothejob.这个人太瘦弱而不能做这项工作。(3)“enoughto”和“too…to…”结构均可以和“so…that…”结构转换。Thedoctoriskindenoughtohelpus.=Thedoctorissokindthathewillhelpus.这个医生很善良,他会帮助我们。Lucyisnotcarefulenoughtogethighmarks,=Lucyistoocarelesstogethighmarks.=Lucyisnotsocarefulthatshecan'tgethighmarks.露西不够细心,得不到高分。3.Hecouldnotwritedownallthemainpoints.他不能写下主要的观点。writedown意为“写下,记下”。如宾语是名词时则既可放在down之前又可放在down之后;如果宾语是代词只能放在write与down之间。Pleasewritedownyournamesonthepaper.=Pleasewriteyournamesdownonthepaper.请把你们的名字写在纸上。Pleasewriteitdown.请把它写下来。4.Jennycannotgothereonherown.onone’sown某人自己;独立地Iwasabletofinishthejobonmyown.我能独自地把工作做完。onone’sown=byoneself=alone独自;一个人5.Kittywasverybusywithherdancinglessons.bebusywith意为“忙于某事”,可以和bebusydoingsth.转换。Theyarebusywiththeirhomework.=Theyare