创意、创新、创业

Creativity,Innovation,EntrepreneurshipandVentureCapital创意、创新、创业与风险投资JointlybyDr.LuWei&Dr.KentMillingtonKnowledgeisn’tpower;Knowledgeisubiquitous.Creativityispower知识不是力量，知识到处都有。创意才是力量。Knowledgeisn’tpower;Knowledgeisubiquitous.Creativityispower知识不是力量，知识到处都有。创意才是力量FEDEXthehub-and-spokesystem联邦快递枢纽辐射式航线系统Knowledgeisn’tpower;Knowledgeisubiquitous.Creativityispower知识不是力量，知识到处都有。创意才是力量Theamountofknowledge&theabilityofCreativity知识与创意Istoomuchknowledgeabadthing?知识多了无创意？Knowledge知识数量Knowledge知识数量Creativity创意能力Creativity创意能力Fromaleftbrainworldtoarightbrainworld从左脑世界到右脑世界Leftbrainactivitiescanbeautomated,replicatedandoutsourced左脑活动可以自动化，复制和外包Rightbrainactivitiesarecontextual,syntheticandindividual右脑活动时前后关联的，综合的和个性化的CREATIVITY:TheProductionofNewandUsefulIdeas创意：新且有用想法的产生•CreativityisthestartingpointforInnovationandBusinessGrowth.•创意是创新和公司成长的起点•Creativityistheprocessthroughwhichinventionsoccur•创意是发明产生的过程•Creativityistheenablingprocessbywhichsomethingnewcomesintoexistence.•创意是能使新想法变为现实的过程Thethreecomponentsofcreativity创意的三个组成部分Creativethinking创新思维HowpeopleapproachproblemsandSolutions人们对待问题的方式和解决方案Expertise/Knowledge技术/知识Everythingthatapersonknowsandcandointhebroaddomainofhisorherwork一个人在他/她的领域所知道和能做的Motivation激励动机Determineswhatpeoplewillactuallydo决定人们真的要做的事情WheredoEntrepreneursGetTheirIdeas?企业家的想法从哪来？4%5%20%71%DiscoveredthroughsystematicResearch通过系统研究发现的SweptintothePCrevolution在计算机革命中的发现DiscoveredbyLuck运气Builttemporaryorcasualjobintoabusiness(7%)把一项临时或偶然的工作发展为企业Wantedasanindividualconsumer(6%)作为消费者的需求Happenedtoreadabouttheindustry(4%)偶然阅读到有关的行业Developedfamilymember’sidea(2%)开发家庭成员的想法ThoughtupduringhoneymooninItaly(1%)在意大利度蜜月时的奇想Replicatedormodifiedanideaencounteredthroughpreviousemployment复制或修正了一个在之前的工作中产生的想法AdditionalChineseDemographics其他中国人口统计数据•By2020,30millionunmarriedyoungmen(barebranches)•到2020年，将有三千万未婚年轻男士（光棍）•45%ofyoungwomennotgiveupcareerformarriage•45%的年轻女士不会为婚姻而放弃事业•Highestdeathsfromairpollution•由空气污染所导致的死亡率最高INNOVATION:TheSuccessfulImplementationofIdeas创新：创意的成功实施•Manypeoplehavegreatideasbutdonotknowhowanorganizationhastooperatetogetthingsdone.•很多人有很好的想法但却不知道一个组织必须怎样运作才能把好的想法变为现实。•Whenagoodideahasbeenidentified,ithastobeshapedandanalyzedtodetermineifitcanbecomethebasisforanewproductorservice.•当一个好想法明确之后，它必须依照一定的方法来分析以确定它是否能成为一个新产品或服务的基础。•Businessleadershipistheprocessofturningideasintoprofitablenewproductsorbusinesses:Innovation!•商界领袖的作为就是把创意变成有利可图的新产品或商务模式：创新！Placean“X”intheapproximatelocationofthecompetitorsinyourindustryintermsofpriceandperformance/benefits/valueadded从价格和绩效/益处/价值增值的角度出发，用“x”标出你所在行业的竞争者们在图中所处的位置Highest最高Average平均水平Lowest最低Price价格LowestAverageHighest最低平均水平最高Performance/Benefit/ValueAdded绩效/益处/价值增值World’sMostInnovativeCompanies世界上最具创新的公司1.Apple2.Google3.ToyotaMotor4.GeneralElectric5.Microsoft6.TataGroup7.Nintendo8.Proctor&Gamble9.Sony10.NokiaTheCompanieswhoinnovatearethecompanieswholead!创新才能引领！Discontinuousopportunities:Thesourceofradicalinnovation跳跃的机会：根本型创新的源泉毗邻的机会：开发现有的资产和能力强化状态：增加市场份额和利润(业务扩展,不是新的企业发展)DiscontinuousOpportunitiesCreatenewmarketsandnewproducts毗邻的机会：增加主要市场需求Existingproducts/Technology现有产品/技术Newproducts/Technology新产品/技术ExistingMarkets现有市场NewMarkets新市场跳跃的机会：创建新的市场和新的产品…whichcreatedisproportionatewealthrelativetoadjacentopportunities两种类型的机会所产生的财富的比重050100TypeofnewBusinessLaunch新公司Revenues收入Profits利润61%39%38%62%14%86%AdjacentOpportunities相邻机会DiscontinuousOpportunities跳跃的机会Source:Chan&Mauborgne(1997)TechnologyAssessment技术评估1.UnderstandTechnology了解技术2.DiscoverPossibleUsesofTechnology发掘技术的可能应用3.UnderstandMarketsforUses了解技术应用的市场4.DetermineHowtoDeliverValue确定如何传递价值TheProcessofTechnologyCommercialization技术商业化过程CommercializingNewTechnologies,VijayK.Jolly,HarvardBusinessSchoolPressCreatingoriginalideas创造最初想法Imagining成型Incubating孵化Developingproductideas发展产品构思Demonstrating示范Buildprototypes构建产品原型Promoting推广Buildproducts&introducetomarkets生产产品并推向市场Sustaining维护Buildmarkets&improveproducts拓展市场并改进产品Productplanningsteps产品规划步骤Businessplanningsteps商业规划步骤Findinterestedpeople&money挖掘潜在客户及资金Findresourcestobuildprototypes&identifymarkets寻找资源来构建产品原型并进行市场识别Buildinitialmarkets&planmarketexpansions建立初级市场并做好市场扩张计划Developmarketgrowthstrategies规划市场拓展方案TechnologyCommercializationProcess技术商业化过程ResourceNeeds所需资源People人力Small极少Moderate适度Medium中等Large多Physical设备None无Moderate适度Medium中等Large多Financial财力None无Moderate适度Large多Largest最多ContinuumofInnovation创新的演变ImitativeIncrementalEvolutionaryRadicalRevolutionary模仿改善改进革新革命ContinuumofInnovation创新的类型Imitative:copiessomethingwell-knownandaccepted模仿型：复制著名的已广为接受的事物Incremental:smallimprovements;faster,better,cheaper增量型：小的改进；更快，更好，更便宜Evolutionary:newtofirmbutnottoworld(i.e.,technologies)优化型：对于企业来说全新的，但是在全世界范围内并不是（例如：技术）Radical:technologiesthatgivelargeperformanceimprovementsorlowercosts根本型：显著改善绩效或降低成本的技术Revolutionary:newtoindividual,firm,andtheworld革命型：对个体、公司以及全世界来说都是全新的BestOpportunitiesbetweenIncrementalandRadical最好的机会在增量型和根本型之间TheCreativity-Innovation-EntrepreneurshipChain创意-创新-创业链条Entrepreneurship创业Creationofvalueinthemarketplace在市场上创造价值•Exploitationofopportunities发掘机会•Output