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©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(,430073):,,,MCGBTC,,:;;MCG;BTC;MBC:F270:A:167421692(2009)0320174210:,,,,2080,,,,;,,,,,,020,2070,,21,,2007(BillStrickland,),,,,1,1.1:,:2008211222:([2006]3142),20072008:,,,,:;,,,,:©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[1,2]PomerantzPeredo,,(),,[3,4],,,,,,[5]1.2,:;;;;[6],,,,1.3PomerantzPeredo,,(socialbusiness),,[7],,,,,1.4SharirLerner:;;;;,;;;,[8]1.5,,,,,[9],,,2,:,5713::©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(ManchesterBidwellCorporation,MBC),MBC19932000;,,(ManchesterCraftsmensGuild,MCG)(BidwellTrainingCenter,BTC),Kearns,Cox,,3:1968,,,,,40,,MBCMBC2000,,MBC:MCG,BTC,(ManchesterBidwellDevelopmentTrustBoard,MBDTB),Bidco(BidwellFoodServicesInc,BFS),,,MCGBTC1968,MBC,MBCMCGBTC,MCG,,BTCBTC,,MCGBTC3.11968,40,MBC150,1200,2500[10]MBC7,5MCGBTC,10,1999,40,,3.1.120,,,,,,6017%[11],506030,,,60,,,6712©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(Ross),,[12],1967,3.1.2MCG,BTC1968,,,,(ManchesterCraftsmensGuild,MCG),,60%,MCG,,,,MCG1972BTCBTC1968,,,,BTC,1972BTC,BTC,MCGBTC,BTCIBMIBM,IBM,,(WarnerCable),BTCBTC,BTC,,207080,BTC,[13],80,,,BTC,6070,,BTC1982,3.1.3MCGBTC,,,1984,,MCGBTC,,MCG/BTC,(NationalEndowmentforArts),,,(Heinz)(Jannetta),350,(Irvis),3501986,7713::Kearns©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(JeffSkoll)MCG/BTCMCGBTC30,,,,,,,,,,,3.1.5,,,,[14],Ke2arns,,,[15],,,,3.2MCGBTCMCGBTC,,,,,,3.2.1MCGMCG,MCG11MCG350[16]MCG,MCG,8712Cox©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(19),,,,3,25%30%MCG,,23MCG,(lifeskill)MCG,,,,,,,,,MCG90%,85%BTC80%,86%,,:,,MCG,(GrammyA2wards),MCGMCG,[17],MCG,3.2.2BTCIBM,BTC:BTC,,BTCMCG,BTCBTC,BTC(GeneralEquivalencyDiplo2ma,GED)BTCGED240BTCGEDBTC2/5BTC,,,BTC2/3BTC,MBCMCGBTC,,,,3.3MBC,MCGBTC,,90,,,,MCGBTC,1997,9713::©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(ManchesterBidwellCorporation,MBC),;,MBC;(COO),MCGBTC,,,,,,,,,()4MCGBTC,:,,4.1:,,,,,,,,,,,IBM,,,,,,,,(fallingwa2ter),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,0812©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(Schurko),,,,,,,,,(UPMC)MBC,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,1813::©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(630)Tab.1Activitiesandchangesinnetassets(FortheyearsendedJune30)Unit:USD2007200610401791244084312842634868674621507691083751568711354578322114494576353439442420110777640/()139317759875/139317759875179627031935588017902828179627032MBCTab.2MBCrevenuebytypeUnit:USD12842634461748701012523071793070141814341342915379861902857320062007(630)Tab.3Financialpositionsfrom2006to2007(FortheyearsendedJune30)Unit:USD20072006(Assets)573111316354742565182227737677435031117213023486284926426183/10515007330297838179793636875271128463480//1418313140303952367250(1224896)19355880277376771423147225642932356000(1189062)17962703264261832812©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[1]BornsteinD.Changingtheworldonashoestring:ambitiousfoundationpromotessocialchangebyfindingsocialentrepreneurs[J].AtlanticMonth2ly,1998,281(1):34239[2]LeadbeaterC.TheRiseoftheSocialEntrepreneur[M].London:Demos,1997:98[3]PomerantzM.Thebusinessofsocialentrepreneur2shipinadowneconomy[J].Business,2003,25(3):25231[4]PeredoM.SocialEntrepreneurship:ACriticalRe2viewoftheConcept[J].JournalofWorldBusi2ness,2006,41:56265[5]CatfordJ.Socialentrepreneursarevitalforhealthpromotionbuttheyneedsupportiveenvironmentstoo[J].HealthPromotInternational,1998,13(2):95297[6]BornsteinD.HowtoChangetheWorld:SocialEn2trepreneursandthePowerofNewIdeas[M].Ox2ford:OxfordUniversityPress,2004[7]MuhamadY.CreatingaWorldwithoutPoverty:SocialBusinessandtheFutureofCapitalism[M].Chesterfield:PublicAffairs,2007:25[8]SharirM,LernerM.Gaugingthesuccessofsocialventuresinitiatedbyindividualsocialentrepreneurs[J].JournalofWorldBusiness,2006(4):6220[9]DruckerP.ManagingtheNon2ProfitOrganization:PrinciplesandPractices[M].NewYork:Harper2Collins,1990:46252[10]StricklandB,RauseV.MaketheImpossiblePos2sible[M].Alister:LLCandJohnBoswellMan2agementInc,2007[11]ColemanM.Public/PrivateCooperativeResponsePatternstoRegionalStructuralChangeinthePittsburghRegion[C]//HesseJ.RegionalStructuralChangeandIndustrialPolicyinInter2nationalPerspective:UnitedStates,GreatBrit2ain,France,FederalRepublicofGermany.Ba2den2Baden:NomosVerlgasgesllschaft,1988:24[12]HeskeffJL,HallowellR.BidwellTrainingCen2terIncandManchesterCraftsmensGuild:Prep2arationinPittsburgh[M].Boston:HarvardBusi2nessSchoolPublishing,1993[