区资区资计议书计议书––窍门窍门学学应会学纟应会学纟••会资渐为个论学会资渐为个论学关关••国学国学R.PutnamR.Putnam两两会资论讨论会资论讨论““BowlingAlone:AmericaBowlingAlone:America’’sDecliningSocialCapitalsDecliningSocialCapital””独龄国会资独龄国会资1995)1995)““TheStrangeDisappearanceofCivicAmericaTheStrangeDisappearanceofCivicAmerica””国国(1996)(1996)应关应关会调国会调国19601960开进开进1414国样调国样调••会联参会联参1950195048%48%??1970197041%41%••会组织参会组织参1950195032.5%32.5%??1990199015.8%15.8%••长师会参长师会参19601960??19801980••间组织参间组织参--妇组妇组19601960?59%?59%--军军19701970?26%?26%--红会红会19701970?61%?61%Putnam(1995)Putnam(1995)““点点证显会会点点证显会会来来…”…”••19801980--19931993间间,,龄数龄数10%10%••时间时间,,组织龄联数却组织龄联数却……40%40%““会资进动会资进动规络规络””((WoolcockWoolcock,1998):,1998):““经济资们银户经济资们银户,,资资((humanhumancapital)capital)们脑们脑,,会资会资间关间关””((PortesPortes,1998):,1998):““会资资络会资资络,,会关络会关络””((Adler&KwonAdler&Kwon1999):1999):••组关组关••个组个组••区认区认BondingSocialCapitalBondingSocialCapitalBridgingSocialCapitalBridgingSocialCapital亲亲关关挡会阶挡会阶级级LinkingSocialCapitalLinkingSocialCapital拥权会拥权会财会阶层组别间财会阶层组别间关关个区从区内个区从区内当规组织资当规组织资讯讯--……邻来协这个邻来协这个园园这为单农这为单农会组会组会现会现这样这样……....邻着组邻着组织领织领……..邻着邻着规动这规让们规动这规让们这场为这场为为纳为纳规则络邻规则络邻间进动协调间进动协调动动规规1.1.规规::--会会::----对对--2.2.规规::--质质––场场--––--实时实时––迟迟1.1.类类::规规––规规--::––扩扩--间间::––--结结::--开开––闭闭--––--––单单2.2.关关::纵纵––横横认维认维––规规结维结维––络络会资维会资维1.1.会论两会论两––疗导问题为疗导问题为––潜导为潜导为发疗发疗2.2.会实践两会实践两个个vsvs疗导疗导专业导专业导潜导潜导间导间导个个个个疗疗疗组疗组发发个个发发发发区资区资区区……..现务现务ICYSCICYSCIFSCIFSCDECCDECCProvisionofformal/Provisionofformal/professionalcaretotheprofessionalcaretothemostneedy,playingmostneedy,playingmostlyremedialmostlyremedialfunctionandmeetingfunctionandmeetingimmediateandurgentimmediateandurgentneedsneedsMightsustainproblemsMightsustainproblemsandrecreateandrecreatedependencedependence计计ConnectingdifferentConnectingdifferentgroupsofpeopleinthegroupsofpeopleinthecommunitycommunityPromotingmutualaidandPromotingmutualaidandcultivatingvoluntarismcultivatingvoluntarismBridgingdifferentsocialBridgingdifferentsocialsectors:govt.,enterprisesectors:govt.,enterprise&communityresidents&communityresidentsLinkingresourcestoLinkingresourcestocomplementformalcarecomplementformalcarePlayingdevelopmental/Playingdevelopmental/preventivefunctionsinpreventivefunctionsinthecommunitythecommunityBuildingupstrengthsBuildingupstrengths轻轻连参连参将个别参参将个别参参对对将组参组连将组参组连来来将组连阔区将组连阔区运组连个区运组连个区义组义组训练组训练组区门参区门参••专业义组专业义组••••CIIFCIIF计计••门门关键关键员热诚担员热诚担执誉络实执誉络实对会资发对会资发计点参计点参进别进别应应