搜索
Researchreportontheuseofhighbiofuelblendsindieselvehicles(Biofuel/DieselVehicleResearchWG,JATOP)JAPANAUTO-OILPROGRAMFebruary22,2011Ken-ichiOkamotoAdvancedTechnology&ResearchInstituteJapanPetroleumEnergyCenterAutoindustry(Fuelconsumer)Oilindustry(Fuelproducer)WhatisJATOP（JapanAuto-OilProgram）?SubsidizedbytheMinistryofEconomy,TradeandIndustryCollaborativeresearchTechnicalissuesthatmaycontributetoresolvingenvironmentalandenergysecurityissuesinthefuture,andcollaborationbetweenautoandoilindustriesmaybeaneffectivesolutionAcollaborativeresearchbetweenautoandoilindustriesaimingtoresolvetheissuesincluding“reducingemissionsofCO2”,”fueldiversificationand“reducingexhaustemissions”basedonapremisethatairqualitywillbepreserved2-AboutJATOP-StartofJATOP－JATOPhasstartedinFY2007(andisscheduledtobecompletedinFY2011)Apr.1997Apr.2002Apr.2007Apr.2012JCAPⅠJCAPⅡJATOPJun.2010Previousresearchprogram:JCAP(JapanCleanAirProgram)3ContentofJATOPProjects－Expandedutilizationofbiomassfuelsfordiesel－Expandedutilizationofbiomassfuelsforgasoline－Investigationoffuelqualitysuitableforthelatestdieselandgasolinevehicles－TechnologiesforthepredictionofeffectsonairenvironmentFeb.2011JATOPConferenceResearchreportontheuseofhighbiofuelblendsindieselvehicles(Biofuel/DieselVehicleResearchWG,JATOP)4WhatisBiodieselfuel（BDF）?HydrogenationHydrogenationFAMEFAME(FattyAcidMethylEster)HBDHBD((HydroHydro--generatedbiodieselgeneratedbiodiesel))PalmFatandOilRapeseedSoybeanFTDFTD((FischerFischerTropsTropscchDiesel)hDiesel)PlantsGasification/Fischer-TropschsynthesisMethanol3HCCOOCH33HCCOOCH33HC3HCCH3PME：PalmOilMethylEsterRME：RapeseedOilMethylEsterSME：SoybeanOilMethylEster5WME：WasteOilMethylEster-TherearedifferencesinfuelqualitybetweenFAMEandpetroleumdieselfuels.-CurrentupperlimitofFAMEblendingintopetroleumdieselfuels:5%forJapan-ThereareconcernsinfuelqualitywhenvehiclesrunningonhighFAMEblends.BiodieselFuelQualityDoublebondDistillationcharacteristicsOxygencontentPetroleumdieselfuelFAMEHBD/FTDSMERMEPME(Variedbythecompositionofbiomassfeedstock)LargeMediumsmallOxidativestabilityEasytocoagulateatlowtemperatures330-350˚C200-350˚C260-310˚C6AbsencePresenceOxygenatedcompoundPresenceAbsenceAbsenceAbsenceHydrocarbonHydrocarbonDegraded7-Identifytechnicalissuesontheuseofhighbiodieselblends(over5%)indieselvehicles,-Conductananalyticalstudyontheissuestodevelopmeasurestobetakenbyfuelproducersandvehiclemanufacturers,-ProducenewtechnicalfindingsthatcouldcontributetothestudyofintroductionofhighbiodieselblendsinJapan,includingestablishmentofanationalfuelqualitystandardcoveringhighbiodieselblends.Objectives88Researchtheme(5)Impactoncolddriveability(6)Impactonengineoil(7)Impactonreliability•Injectordeposits•Stabilityduringlongparkingperiods(1)Impactonfuelproperties•Coldflowproperties•Ignitionquality(2)Impactonstability•Oxidativestability•Oxidativedegradationmechanism•Impactonmaterialandcomponentsofvehiclefuelsystems•Storagestabilityatroomtemperatures(3)Impactonemissions(4)Impactonexhaustaftertreatmentsystems(5)Impactoncolddriveability(6)Impactonengineoil(7)Impactonreliability•Injectordeposits•Stabilityduringlongparkingperiods(1)Impactonfuelproperties•Coldflowproperties•Ignitionquality(2)Impactonstability•Oxidativestability•Oxidativedegradationmechanism•Impactonmaterialandcomponentsofvehiclefuelsystems•Storagestabilityatroomtemperatures(3)Impactonemissions(4)Impactonexhaustaftertreatmentsystems9-Oxidativestability–ImpactofstabilityofB100blendsonthatofbiofuelblends0102030405005101520Biomassblendlevel(mass%)IPbyModifiedRancimat(hr)BiomassBlendlevel,mass%HBDFTDRMEPMEWMESMEBiofuelblendingratio(mass%)Inductionperiod(ModifiedRancimat)(hr)Inductionperiodofbiofuel(B100)(hr)1.96.45.04.34831.3(Rancimat)GoodoxidativestabilityBlendingWMEorSME(havingpoorstability)intopetroleumdieselfueldecreasesstabilityofthebiofuelblends.-Oxidativestability-DifferencesintheeffectsofaddingantioxidantstoB20blendsbyFAMEtype10InthecaseofnoadditionofBHT(0ppm),oxidativestabilityofSMEblendsisbetterthanthatofPMEblends.HoweverinthecaseofaddingBHT,PMEblendsshowimprovedeffectsinoxidativestabilitycomparedtoSMEblend.*ButylatedHydroxytoluene0.01.02.03.04.05.0050100150200BHTconcentrationinDGO,ppm⊿TAN, mgKOH/g(1)⊿TANmethod（2）PetroOXY04080120160050100150200BHTconcentrationinDGO,ppmPetroOXY(140degC),min.SME(B20)PME(B20)⊿TAN(mgKOH/g)Amountofantioxidant(BHT*)added(ppm)Amountofantioxidant(BHT*)added(ppm)Inductionperiod(PetroOXY,140˚C)(min)(2)PetroOXYmethodGoodGood-Oxidativestability-ContentofantioxidantsubstancesinFAMEandcompositionofFAME11(1)Antioxidantsubstances(2)FAMEComposition0400800120016002000SMEPME抗酸化物質, ppm18914098.899.8Antioxidantsubstances:Contentof(natural)antioxidantsubstancesinSMEblendsissignificantlylargecomparedtoPMEblends.Unsaturatedcomposition:ThelevelofthecontentofunsaturatedfattyacidmethylestersishighinSMEblends,andthatofthecompositionshavingtwoormoredoublebondsthatareeasiertooxidationishighinSMEblendscomparedtoPMEblends.α-Tocopherolβ-Tocopherolγ-Tocopherolδ-Tocopherolα-Tocotrienolβ-Tocotrienolγ-Tocotrienolδ-Tocotr