XXXX春季环境化学全英文_1_introduction_S

杨帆[e-mail](fromenvironmentalprotectionlawofPRC)•Environment–isaspatialunityofallmaterials,situations,andlivingcreatures,includinghumansandtheirbehavior,whichinfluencesthecontinuanceoflifeandwelfareofhumansandotherlivingcreatures.•Environmentincludes–Atmosphere–Water–Soil–Mine–Forest–grassland.•Wildanimal•wildplant•aquaticlife•scenicspotsandhistoricalsites•earthquake•Sanatorium•sanctuary•residenceandsoon.Whyweneedtostudyenvironmentalchemistry?–Understandingourlivingenvironments–Understandingourlivingsituation–Howhumanactivitieschangetheenvironments–Protectingourenvironment–UsingourchemicalknowledgetobenefitourenvironmentEnvironmentalproblem:•Refertotheenvironmentalcompositionandconditionaroundusfallunfavorablyintohumanbeing’sexistinganddevelopingundertheactionofhumanbeingandmanufacturing.•Primaryenvironmentalproblem–Naturalenvironment•Secondaryenvironmentalproblem–HumanactivitiesPrimaryenvironmentalproblem–Earthquake–Volcano–Landslide–mud-rockflow–Typoon–Drought–naturalglobechemicalabnormity,etc.Secondaryenvironmentalproblem•Globalenvironmentalproblems•Globalwarmingandclimatechange•Stratosphericozonedepletion•Acidrain•Biodiversitydepletion•Rainforestdepletion•Waterresourcesdepletion•Dispersionofhazardouswaster•Desertification•Oceanpollution•RadioactivewastedisposalCoursecontentsChapter1IntroductionChapter2EnergyChapter3AtmosphericenvironmentchemistryChapter4WaterenvironmentandwaterpollutionChapter5SoilenvironmentalchemistryChapter6GreenchemistryReferencesEnvironmentalChemistry,Stanley.MCRCPressLLC,20007thed.,JohnWright,Routledge,TaylorandFrancisGroup）EnvironmentalChemistry,JorgeG.Ibanez,MargaritaHemandez-Esparza,CarmenDoria-Serrano,ArturoFregoso-InfanteApplicationsofEnvironmentalChemistry-APracticalGuideforEnvironmentalProfessionals,EugeneR.Weiner,Ph.D.UnderstandingOurEnvironment-AnIntroductiontoEnvironmentalChemistryandPollution,EditedbyRoyM.HarrisonENVIRONMENTALORGANICCHEMISTRY,ReneP.Schwarzenbach,PhilipM.Gschwend,DieterM.ImbodenUnderstandingEnvironmentalPollution,MarquitaK.HillIntroductiontoEnvironmentalAnalysis,RogerReeve《环境化学导论》（第二版）王麟生乐美卿张太森编著华东师范大学出版社《环境化学》（第二版）（翻译版）ThomasG.SpiroWilliamM.Stigliani,清华大学出版社《环境化学》，董德明等，北京大学出版社，2010•Lectures•EvaluationHomework&EssayExam–closedbooktest–openbooktestContactinformation：SakaisiteChapter1:IntroductionEnvironmentalscienceandchemistry1.1Introductionofenvironmentalchemistry1.2Environmentalprotectionorganizations1.3Pollutanteventsintheworld1.4ChemicalPollutionsofenvironment1.5Ecosystemandsubstantialcycles1.1Introductionofenvironmentalchemistry1.1.1Concepts•Environmentalscience：–asthestudyoftheearth,air,water,andlivingenvironments,andtheeffectsoftechnologythereon.–Itcoversthebroadestfieldsofthecomplexinteractionsthatoccuramongtheterrestrial,atmospheric,aquatic,living,andanthropologicalenvironments.–Itincludesallthedisciplines,suchaschemistry,biology,ecology,sociology,andgovernment,thataffectordescribetheseinteractions.•Environmentalchemistry–thestudyofthesources,reactions,transport,effects,andfatesofchemicalspeciesinwater,soil,air,andlivingenvironments,andtheeffectsoftechnologythereon.1.1.2ComparationofchemistryandenvironmentalchemistryChemistryenvironmentalchemistrysubjectinvestigatedSinglecomponentoruncomplexmulti-componentscomplexmulti-componentsStateofthesystemClosedsystemOpensystemResearchmethodTheoriesandmethodsinchemistryTheoriesandmethodsinchemistryBasicandapplicationEnvironmentalchemistryistheapplicationofchemistry.Chemistryisthebasicofenvironmentalchemistry.1.2.Environmentalprotectorganizations•WMO(WorldMeteorologicalOrganization)41,AvenueGiuseppeMotta,Geneva,Switzerland•WorldClimateProgramme;WCP1980•IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange;IPCC•WHO(WorldHealthOrganization)•Airpollutantsmonitoring•GlobalEnvironmentMonitoringsystem;GEMS•UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme（UNEP)Kenya–GlobalEnvironmentMonitoringSystem:GEMS)–InternationalReferralSystemforSourcesofenvironmentalinformation;–InternationalReferralSystemforSourcesofEnvironmentalInformation;–IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange;IPCC–OceansandCoastalAreas/ProgrammeActivityCenter;OCA/PAC–DesertificationControl/ProgrammeAcivityCenter;DC/PAC–GlobalResourceInformationDatabase;GRID•UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization–ManandBiosphereProgramme;MAB–IntergovernmentalOceanographicCouncil;IOC•InternationalUnionforConservationofNatureandNaturalResources)(NOG)•InternationalInstituteofAppliedSystemsAnalysis–BIO(BiosphereDynamicsProject)–TAP(TransboundaryAirPollution)–WAT(WaterResourcesProject)–MON(EnvironmentalMonitoringProject)–CLI(ClimateChangeProject)。•InternationalCouncilofScientificUnions)–ScientificCommitteeonProblemsoftheEnvironment;SCOPE–WorldClimateProgramme;WCP–InternationalGeosphere-BiosphereProgramme;IGBP•FoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations•InternationalUnionfortheConservationofNatureandNaturalResources•WorldWideFundforNature•GreenpeaceInternational•自然之友(greenbookforenvironment)（1）BelgianMaasvalleyevents:December1930,theBe