中国民营铁路及其发展环境研究

广西师范大学硕士学位论文中国民营铁路及其发展环境研究姓名：黄华平申请学位级别：硕士专业：中国近现代史指导教师：黄振南20070101I19031914:::200420,202020190317IIIIIAbstractTheprivaterailwayhadachancetodevelopinthecourseofdisputeinthefirst20thcenturyinchina.Initiallyyearstheprivaterailwayinpredominantenvironment,butwiththedevelopmentofenvironmentdeteriorating,theprosperityoftheprivaterailwaylostcolor.Inendtheprivaterailwaydeclinedthestageofhistory.Thearticleshouldregardtheprivaterailwayastheobjectofresearch.Theauthorrecounteditsbooming,developmentanddecadence,thesametimetheauthorreconsideredtherelevantquestions.Theauthorattemptedtoinvestigatetherealcausesbynewangle.Theauthorcombinedwithhistorymanagementeconomypoliticsetc.andinvestigatedtheupsanddownsoftheprivaterailway.Thegoalwastofindinternalcausesoftheupsanddownsoftheprivaterailwayinmodernchina.TherailwayundertakingofchinabeganinthemiddlelaterstageofYing-Wucampaingment;itwasintroducedtochinaasacuttingedgetechnologybyforeigners.ThestubbornQingDynastyrebuffedtherailwayatfirst,butafterawhileacceptedtherailway.Fromrejectiontoacceptance,theQingDynastychangedthefirststupiditypolicy.Inthinkingandrealoperationapartofmagnatesandplaceofficialstookagreatstepwhentheycarriedoutthepolicy,theyhadprovidenceanddecision.Theywishedtoabsorbthepubliccapitalsintheconstructionofrailwayinthebeginningofrailwayandtheydisputedhowtodeveloptherailwayallalong.Thoughtaseriesofprobingattainedarealbreakthrough,buttheprivaterailwaywascaredaboutbythepublic,especiallythebourgeoisiestheyobligedtoinvestindustries.Theprivaterailwayhadachancetoboomallalong.QingDynastybegantoreformtheregencyregimesafterSino-Japan.IntheflushoffailureSino-Japan,innovatorsappealedthegovernmenttoreformandsocialitespatriotsandsooncalledforQingDynastytoreformoldeconomicregime,developtheeconomy.Becausethedeteriorationofdominationandappealingofthepublic,QingDynastyreformedthebacksysteminacertaininpolicyeconomyandlawaspect.Inparticular,theQingDynastyregardedtherailwayasmostimportantpolicy.Thethinkingofprivaterailwayalsogetagreatdevelopmentthatbasedontheboomingofprivaterailway.Inthefirstof20thcentury,Qinggovernmentreformedtheeconomicregimeagain,IVitpromulgatedtheconciseconstitutionofrailwaythatruledwhatsoeversomeonewhobuiltthecompanyofrailway.Theprivaterailwaygetachancetoboomthatinfollowedacoupleofyearstheprivaterailwaydevelopedinarapidstep,itstheenvironmentofdevelopmentalsochanged.Theameliorationofenvironmentincludedthelawrulesandthereformationoffunction,theameliorationofpolicy,theenvironmentofeconomyandtheother.Theprivaterailwayprosperedinthegreatameliorationsofenvironmentand18companiesofrailwaybuiltbeforeandafterinwhilechina.Thebuiltcompaniesprocessedtheschemaofrailwayandaccumulatedthecapitals,buttheydidntbuildmanyrailwaysandprogressedtherailwayundertaking.Thedevelopmentofenvironmentoftheprivaterailwayaggravatedonandonaftertheprosperityoffirst.Ofcourseinthefirstyearsthedevelopmentofenvironmentoftheprivaterailwaywascomparativeandthedisadvantagefactorsaccompaniedwiththedevelopmentofprivaterailway.Thedisadvantagefactorsincludedthedisturbanceandunsteadinessofeconomicpolicy,theinteriordisadvantageofprivaterailwayandtheaggravationofeconomicenvironment.Owingtothedeteriorationofthedevelopmentofprivaterailway,QingDynastypromulgatedthenationofrailwaypolicyandtheYuangovernmentcarriedoutthepolicyofunites.Theendtheprivaterailwaybackedoutthestageofhistorylittlebylittle.Althoughtheprivaterailwayfailedinend,itsvaluewasntignoredinpathofindustrizationandmodernizationinmodernchina.Itsbeginning,developmentanddeclineisrelatedtothedevelopmentofenvironment,especiallylaws,rulesofgovernmentwasimportantfactor.Theauthordepictedthecourseofprivaterailwayandreflectedthetraditionviewpoint.ThearticleintroducedthetheoryofcompanyenvironmentsystemandthetheoryofNewregiment.Byassayingtheenvironmentofprivaterailway,analyzingtheupsanddownsofprivaterailwayandattemptingtomanifesttheimportantfactorofadvantagethedevelopmentofenvironment,inparticularthegovernmenttakeakeyrole.Keywords:Modern,privaterailway,thedevelopmentofenvironment51074281200519971876194919861994189519272000,200320026199412004120014199452003419933(19772)(19873)199612001120033[1]2019111913[2]2[3][4]1885-1965,199918851965191210101008634201903201980[5][6]1881[7]1980519801887[8][9][10]19901888189820[11][12][13][14]6[15][16]190319031903[17]1903190817[18]19041550[19][20]19067[21][22][23]1905190412[24][25]19041[26]()[27][28]1906[29]19031914[30]8[31][32][33]2020[34]19190419600(1906)[35]400[36]100()50()10()5()1()105105[37]2[38][39][40]()[41][42]34()10[43]1908[44]40[45][46]()[47]1911[48][49]()[50][51]()[52][53]()[54][55]1903121.123861065270471246200391271024226234221889144689230.[J].19941,66891[56]2[57][58]3[59]1907[60]4[61][62]513[63]141911191119152.11911191319141915[1].1912-1949[M].2002154[2].18951927[Z].20002008200919113591908191115119081908[64][65][66]190722.2%%%%[1]590[2]200.25[3]590200.25[4]5950.2516[5]59450.25[1][3]..2891113[2][4][5].3853917233184419161911[67][68][69]2019051905190617[70][71],[72]1907101910[73][74][75][76][77][78]18[79]1915[80][81]19091910[82]