中国环境生态形势的空间分异研究

:2000-05-10;:2000-10-25:(49671034):(1972-),,,E-mail:[e-mail]:1000-0690(2000)06-0523-05(,100101):,,,,,,,(),:;;;:X21:A1(EnvironmentalSituations,ES),,(Eco2environmentalSituations,ES),,,,,,[1],,,,,,(19751995),(1)1Fig.1FlowdiagramofstudyingprocessontheEco2environmentalsituationsinChina22.1,,206200012SCIENTIAGEOGRAPHICASINICAVol.20No.6Dec.,2000©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,A.C.,6[1];(R.E.Kasperson),5[2],,5,:1Table1ComparisonofintegraltypologyofecologicalsituationsA.C.12,3,,4,,5,,6,,[3],,,/,,,,[4],,,[5],,;,,;,,,,,,2.2,,,,,,,[6],,,,,::,,(GDP)::,42520©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.:():,,[4],,,(2)2Fig.2IndicesoftheecologicalsituationsinChina2.3,,,14,,-,():Fk=6i=1BikWiFk:K;Bik:KBi;Wi:KBi,-,,,(Overlay),(3)3:,5,2,2.2%,46.9%,17.2%16.4%,,,,,,,()(),,5256:©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.3Fig.3Theeco2environmentalsituationsinChina,2Table2ClassificationstatisticsofecologicalsituationsinChina1234502.112.112.722.723.283.284.294.29740744141473742654()%16.417.816.729.717.22.2,,,,,,,,,,,4GIS,(),,3,,,,62520©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.()-,,,,,,,:,,,,:[1]AC.[R].1990.[2]NGlazovsky,REKaspersonandGSdasyuk.ProposalforaWorldMapofCriticalEnvironmentalSituationandRegions[A].In:TCMeridith,CMarley,WSmith.DefiningandMappingCriticalEnvironmentalZonesforPolicy,FormulationandPublicAwareness[C].Montreal:McGillUniversity,DepartmentofGe2ography,1991.77-94.[3].[J].,1996,6(1):3943.[4].[A].:,.()[C].:,1993.2531.[5].[J].,1997,17(2):199203.[6].[A].,.()[C].:,1995.110.AStudyonDistributionofEco2environmentalSituationinChinaYEQing2hua(InstituteofGeographicalSciencesandNaturalResourcesResearch,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100101)Abstract:Basedonthelatestresearchoneco2environmentalsituationandanalysisofthecharacteristicsofeco2environmentalsituationinChinawiththeprincipleofchoosingindex,asetofindicesontheeco2environmentalsituationsinChinahasbeenbroughtout.Andthemathematicalmodelsforeachindexhasbeencreated.Withthepowerfulsystematicanalyticaltool,GIS,anddatabasemanagementsystem,thisthesisclassifieseachin2dex,calculatestheirweightbycounty2levelunit,andcolligatethemintoaholisticmapoftheeco2environmentalsituationsinChina.Analysisfromthemapindicatesthattheseriouseco2environmentalsituationismainlydis2tributedonthestrapofgeophysicaltransitionandthelandsusedbyunstablehumanactivities2especiallythoseplacesthatfarmsandrangelandsinter2locatedorcrossinglandsbetweendifferentadministrationunitswhichshowobviouscharacteristicofinterfaceandundulation.Thegreatestcriticallyecologicalsituationbeltissituatedonthesecondterrainbetweentheeasternlowerlandsandthewesternhigherplateau,whichoccupiesfromthenortheasttothesouthwest.Totheeasternandthesouthernareasofthebelt,ecologicalsituationisobviouslybetter,especiallythosealongthecoastalzones.Itwillprovidereferencestothepolicymakersandbenefitre2gionallyenvironmentalexplorationandutilizationinthenearfuture.Keywords:Environmentalsituations;Eco2environmentalsituations;Spatialdistribution;GeographicalInfor2mationSystem(GIS)7256:©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.