中国黄土环境磁学3

27220073QUATERNARYSCIENCESVol.27,No.2March,20071001-7410(2007)02-193-173(,100029;NationalOceanographyCentre,UniversityofSouthampton,SouthamptonSO143ZHUK)--,,P318.41,P578,P941.74A:35E2mail:[e-mail]3(:40674032,4022140240325011)(:KZCX3-SW-150)2006-12-05,2007-01-051,,(:,)[118][1828][26,2933],[22,23,25,3445],-[4649],,[2123,25,26,31,5053],[118,38,39,4649,5463][35,64,65](),,,(),[23,34,39,61],,(magneto2climatology)[66,67],-,21942007,(Fe3O4),(Fe2O3)((Fe2O3)(FeOOH))4,,,,[38,39,6870],,,pH[71],,,[7274]1[61][59]()(T),Fig.1Temperature2dependenceofmagneticsusceptibilityofselectedloessandpaleosolsamplesoftheJingbianandJiaodaosections.Thick(dotted)linesrepresentheating(cooling)cycles(-T,,1)(Ms,013-1(T))(Ms-T)Ms,Ms-T-TMs-T580()(Ms,)[21,29,30,59,7277],(),,,,,()(ferrihydrite)[59,73,77],,-TMs-T580,(120KVerwey)X,[21,29,61,70,72,7883],,,,(SP)(SD)(PSD)[38,8486],(Fe2O3vFe2O3)[87],300450,-T[59,72,73,77,88,89],2:195[73],,,,,[61,90],,,,,(-15Morin),:1)(580675)(100150mT);2),[82,91];3)Lowrie[92],[29,30,93];4)X,[21,27,29,72,82,91](400K),,300400(FeOOHvFe2O3)[87],,,,,-T,,Fe3+Al3+,[61,94],Al3+Fe3+[94],[94,95],,,Ji[96,97]Balsam[98]-Liu[90],,3[4649,62,99],[100,101],,,[34,102104][46]/[105][48,106][107],,[23,34,35,3739],,,,[38,39,70,77,104,108],/(),,,,[109],Liu[86],,,SP/SD(20nm),,,/(PSD/MD)PSD/MD,1962007,,SP/SD,,,Day[110],,/PSD[38,59,61,80,88,93,111],-,[112,113],,PSDMD[61](2)2-Day[110]Deng[61],Deng[59],CBDDeng[38]Fig.2HysteresisratiosplottedonaDaydiagramoftheJingbianandJiaodaosamplesofloess(opensymbols)andpaleosols(closedsymbols),,--(citrate2bicarbonate2dithionite,CBD)[114,115][38,72,104,116119],[38,104,118120]PSDMD[38,91],,SP/SDPSD[38,86],SP,(SDPSD)[37,38,59,121]SP/SD[85,86],/[3739,59,88,121123]4(3714N,10818E),[113]Deng[61]-,-(1),[38,61],,,,,,39514mm,2:197819[124],,;,,,,[39],(SIRM),,()SIRM,,SIRM(SIRMnmT,n)-T,:,,,SIRM,Fe3+Al3+[61,94],,,,Liu[82,91]SIRM,SIRM,:,,,SIRMSIRM,,,()[70,81,82],,,,,,,,[70]30mTSIRM[61]60mT,[82],,100mTSIRM,SIRM30mT/,SIRM60mT,SIRM100mT,SIRM100mT/SIRM,SIRM100mT/SIRM30mTSIRM100mT/SIRM60mT[61]/,,,[61],,,SIRM100mT/SIRM(3),216Ma,,,SIRM100mT/SIRM30mTSIRM100mT/SIRM60mT,(3),,,,()()[61]5(3518N,10914E)50kmCBD,,-(45)[38,59]-T(ARM),,(fd)(fd%),(ARM,19820073-SIRM,SIRM100mT/SIRM,SIRM100mT/SIRM30mT,SIRM100mT/SIRM60mT[61]Ding[113]SIRM30mT,SIRM60mTSIRM100mTSIRM30mT,60mT100mTFig.3CorrelationofmagnetichardnessoftheJingbianloess2paleosolsequence4-[38]Fig.4MagneticpropertiesoftheJiaodaoloess2paleosolsequencebeforeCBDtreatment2:1995CBD-[38]Fig.5MagneticpropertiesoftheJiaodaoloess2paleosolsequenceafterCBDtreatmentARM,),/ARM,SIRM/,ARM/SIRM,fd%fd%=(lf-hf)/lf100%,lfhf(470Hz)(4700Hz)-,/PSD(2)S32/L33S0/L1,fd%ARM/SIRM,/ARM(4)fd%SP[125],ARMSDPSD/[126],[34,102104],,CBD,,,,,,MD(2);,fd,fd%,SIRMARM(5),,26%96%,(7715)%(N=895,N,);fd%5%15%03%;ARM65%99%,(926)%(N=899);SIRM42%96%,(829)%(N=231)[38]CBD,-,,ARM,SIRM/ARM,ARM/SIRM(5)CBD,MD,,,CBD(6)CBD,,CBD,20020076CBD-MDFSRIMSIRM20mT/SIRM[38]Fig.6MeasuresformagnetichardnessoftheJiaodaoloess2paleosolsequenceafterCBDextraction,,CBDSIRM(MDFSIRM)SIRM20mT/SIRM(6),S32/L33L15,,,,MDFSIRMSIRM20mT/SIRML15,,112Ma[127],,L15,MDFSIRMSIRM20mT/SIRM,S5L1,MDFSIRMSIRM20mT/SIRM,,/,,;,,MDFSIRMSIRM20mT/SIRM,,,,/MDFSIRMSIRM20mT/SIRM,,6--[128,129],,[130,131]/(FeD/FeT)[132][132]CaCO3[131](L1)(S1)[82,111,131]Chen[131](3538N,10310E)75kaCaCO3,L1(CaCO3)GRIP[129](interstadial),Heinrich[133][129],Bond[133]Zhu[111](350075N,1073033E)L1S1,L1S1(Dec2Kmax)GISP2[134]MD95-2036(33411444N,57341548W)[135]2:201,Liu[82](3538N,10310E)(3600N,10350E),S1SIRM60mT(60mT)5[135],7(a)(b)()/ARM[38](c)SIRM100mT/SIRM[61](d)S(S-013T)[139](e)[13](f)FeD/FeT[56](g)Rb/Sr[137](h)87Sr/86Sr[139](i)(18O)[140]Fig.7Correlationofmineralmagneticproxies,stackedgrainsizeandgeochemicalproxiesofChineseloesswithstackedglobalmarine18Orecords7[46,47],FeD/FeT[56,136]Rb/Sr[137,138]-(7),,,,Fe2+,Fe3+,Fe2+,,[57],[3739],,[3739,61,82,84,141,142],CBD[38],(7c7d)[61,141],,SIRM100mT/SIRM-,,,()()2022007[13]87Sr/86Sr[139,143145]Fe/Al,Na/Al,Fe2+/Fe3+[57,146],--8,,,(lock2in),,,(),811,,,,,,,,,812()()[147],[95,147,148],(magnetotacticbacteria,MTB)[148],MTB(SP,SD)[149],Fe3+Fe2+,MTB[95],,(environmentalnanomagnetism)[147],,813-,,,,;,92:203,,,,,,,ChilopartsFeD/FeTRb/Sr87Sr/86SrBlomendalSLisiecki,(References)1..:,1985.1481LiuTunshengetal.LoessandtheEnvironment.Beijing:SciencePress,1985.14812LiuTS,DingZL.Chineseloessandthepaleomonsoon.AnnualReviewofEarthandPlanetaryScience,1998,26:1111453.,.,2004,24(4):369378LiuTungsheng.DemandofAnthropocenestudyinthenewstageofgeoscienee:InhonorofLateGeologistHuangJiqingforhisinnovativespirit.QuaternarySciences,2004,24(4):3693784,..,1992,(1):1223LiuTungsheng,DingZhongli.Stepwisecouplingofmonsooncirculationtocontinentalice-volumevariationsduringthepast2500,000years.QuaternarySciences,1992,(1):12235,.().,1990,(1):19LiuTungsheng,DingZhongli.ProgressesofloessresearchinChina(Part2):Paleoclimatolgoyandglobalchange.QuaternarySciences,1990,(1):196,,.-.,2006,26(5):678693AnZhisheng,ZhangPeizhen,WangEechieetal.Changesofthemonsoon2aridenvironmentinChinaandgrowthoftheTibetanPlateausinc