中日资源与环境技术预见比较研究

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120、、“”,“”、,“”[1]。2070,“”。2090,,[2]。,“”,(UNIDO)、(APEC)、(OECD),。2000,、。2003,“20”。,,20,。、,,,,,,863737,3000。8“”“”[3],,,“”“”、“”、“”、“”、“”、“”“”7。,,“”“”;“”“”。,“”、“”、“”、“”、“”、“”“”7。1。1()()()()(%)78373723632.0278230219163.2“”,,45.0%42.3%;,7.9%。,49.5%39.1%;,8.7%。,,,(,100190):,。,,,。“20”,7(、、10、),。:;;;:G304:A:1001-7348(2009)22-0006-04:2008-10-23:(KGCX2-SW-601):(1969-),,,,,、、。26%22200911Science&TechnologyProgressandPolicyVol.26No.22%Nov.200922()()20102010—20202020、√√CCA√√√√√2071(12)2(11)3(13)4(10)5(14)6(11)7(11)()1(13)(Metal,Non-metal,Scarceresources,Common4)2(14)(Rainfall;Seas,rivers,lakesandgroundwater;Municipalwatersupplyandsewage/drainageservices;Common4)()1(20)(Depletionofozonelayer,Globalwarming,Acidrain,Marinepollution,Diminishmentoftropicalrainforests,Desertification,Common7)2(18)(Airquality,Waterquality,Noise/vibration,Recycle,Environ-mentalrisk,Recyclingorientedsociety/LCA6)()(37)(Seasurface/oceanographicandatmosphericcirculation,Sea-landinterface,Watermass/circulation,Oceanfloor(subbottom)region4)()(23)(Atmosphere,Atmospheregeosphereboundary,Crust,Interiorofearth4)(7、82)(4、125)2207、(1)。1“20”824(2),,:()、()、()、()、()。2,20708,、,、,。20058,7(2001),,,7(,)[4]。2.1207,82(83,82)。74、125。2()。2,。、、4。,,10~14;7“”(37)“”(38)。。3(“”)。,,,。。(220,,:7··200920771(LCA),(0.1~0.2g/km)210%3,4、1μm,5CO2199020%6(LCA)7-20%()8、()()9400℃15kmPOPs()10410(%)(%)20178373723632.0242.345.07.00.94.8278230219163.239.149.57.11.62.77177832126382-----27782632268627.256.510.93.32.1%3207),,。2.27(、)10(4),101,。,(,、,、,,),10;(LCA)、。、。32090,。,8··22AComparativeStudyonResourceandEnvironmentTechnologyForesightinChinaandJapanYuanZhibin,MuRongping,ChenFeng(InstituteofPolicyandManagement,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100190,China)Abstract:Technologyforesightstudyisbecomingthehotspotofresearchinthepastfewyears.TechnologyforesightstudyiscurrentlynecessaryintheparticipationofChinaininternationalcompetitionandconstructionoftheinnovativecountry,butalsoistheimportantbasisofthegovernmentformulatingscienceandtechnologydevelopmentstrategiesandpolicies.ThispapergivesbriefintroductionoftheDelphisurveyinresourceandenvironmenttechnologywhichisthesub-projectbelongingtotheprojectoftechnologyforesightresearchuntil2020inChina.Theresultsofresourceandenvironmenttechnologyforesight(suchassub-fields,numberoftopics,top10topicsintermsofintegratedindexofimportance,questionnairedistributionandrecovery,etal.)werecomparedwiththe7thtechnologyforesightinJapanin2001.Someprimaryconclusionsaredrawnfinally.KeyWords:TechnologyForesight;DelphiSurvey;ResourceandEnvironmentTechnology;ComparativeStudy,、。,,。“20”,7。:①,;7“”“”;②10,,10;,(LCA)、;③,,。:[1],,.[J].,2002(7):15-18.[2]HARIOLFGRUPP,HAROLDA.LINSTONE.Nationaltechnologyforesightactivitiesaroundtheglobe:resurrectionandnewparadigms[J].TechnologicalForecastingandSocialChange,1999,60:85-94.[3]SCIENCE,TECHNOLOGYFORESIGHTCENTEROFNATIO-NALINSTITUTEOFSCIENCE,TECHNOLOGYPOLICY(NISTEP).Scienceandtechnologyforesightsurveydelphianalysis[R].NISTEPREPORT,2005:2-3.[4]SCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYFORESIGHTCENTEROFNATIONALINSTITUTEOFSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYPOLICY.Theseventhtechnologyforesight-futuretechnologyinjapantowardtheyear2030[R].NISTEPREPORT,2001:352-355.(:),,:9··

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