ASME无损检测工艺(RT)

RADIOGRAPHICEXAMINATIONPROCEDUREFORBUTTWELDSRevision0Date30/04/2007Page1of19RADIOGRAPHICEXAMINATIONPROCEDURE3210REVISIONPREPAREDBYREVIEWEDBYAPPROVEDBYAIRADIOGRAPHICEXAMINATIONPROCEDUREFORBUTTWELDSRevision0Date30/04/2007Page2of191.General1.1Thisprocedureisappliedtothex-rayradiographicexaminationofweldsforpressurevesselsinaccordancewithASMECodeSectionI、SectionVandSectionDivision1Ⅷ&2.1.2Thisprocedureisusedtodefectdiscontinuitiesinferrousweldsandwaterialwithathicknessrangebetween4mmand50.8mm.2.QualificationofExaminationPersonnel2.1Anypersonengagedintheradiographicexaminationshallbequalifiedandcertifiedasaradiographicexaminerinaccordancewith“WrittenPracticeforNDEPersonnelTraining,Examination，QualificationandCertification”2.2RadiographersshallbeatleastlevelⅠ,RadiographicinterpretersshallbeatleastlevelⅡ.3.Equipment,ToolsandMaterials3.1x-rayequipmentshallbeselectedfromTable1.Table1TypeManufactoryMax.TubeVoltage(kVp)Max.TubeCurrent(mA)Focus.Size(mm)Permittedmax.materialthickness(mm)(steel)300EG-S3RIGAKVCORPORATION30052.5×2.550250EG-S3RIGAKVCORPORATION25052.0×2.0303.2Film3.2.1FilmselectionshallbeinaccordancewithASTME-1815,StandardTestMethodforFilmSystemsforIndustrialRadiography.Theclassificationtableoffilmshallbeprovidedbythefilmmanufacturer.FilmsystemclassesSpecial,,,,WⅠⅡⅢ-A,andW-Barepermitted.RADIOGRAPHICEXAMINATIONPROCEDUREFORBUTTWELDSRevision0Date30/04/2007Page3of19Dependingonthex-raypenetrationthickness,asuitablefilmshallbeselected.Whenusingtwofilmsmethod;twodifferenttypesoffilmshallbeselected.3.2.2FilmKODAKAA400maybeused.3.3IntensifyingScreensAsuitableleadscreenshallbeselectedfromTable2.Table2ThicknessofleadScreen(mm)TubeVoltageFrontBack＜150kVp0.030.03150～300kVp0.030.103.4DensitometerandStepWedgeCalibrationFilm3.4.1ThetransmissiondensitometerlistedinTable3shallbeusedforjudgingradiographdensity.Thedensitometershallbecalibratedagainstthestepwedgecalibrationfilmatleastevery90daysduringusebytheNDELevelorExaminer,inaccordancewⅡⅢith“DensitometerCalibrationProcedure”.Thestepwedgecalibrationfilmshallhavebeenverifiedwithinthelastyearbycomparisonwithanationalstandardsteptablet.Table3TypeManufactoryMea.RangeMea.,PrecisionTD-210AZheJiangWenzhounon-destructivetestinginstrumentfactory0.00-4.00D±0.03D3.4.2Periodiccalibrationverificationchecksofthedensitometerandthestepwedgecalibrationfilmshallbeperformedper3.5ImageQualityIndication(IQI)3.5.1TypeandmaterialofIQIs3.5.1.1ThewiretypeIQIpresentedasFig.1andTab.4shallbeused.TheRADIOGRAPHICEXAMINATIONPROCEDUREFORBUTTWELDSRevision0Date30/04/2007Page4of19wiretypeIQIshallbemanufacturedandidentifiedinaccordancewiththerequirementsinSE-747.3.5.1.2Thewiresshallbefabricatedfrommaterialoralloywithsameorlessradiationabsorptionthanthematerialbeingradiographed.Table4WireIQISizesandwireIdentityNumbersWireDiametersin.(mm)SetAWireIdentitySetBWireIdentity0.0032(0.08)10.010(0.25)60.004(0.1)20.013(0.33)70.005(0.13)30.016(0.41)80.0063(0.16)40.020(0.51)90.008(0.2)50.025(0.64)100.010(0.25)60.032(0.81)113.5.2IQISelection3.5.2.1ThedesignatedessentialminimumwirediametershallbeasspecifiedinTable5.Table5IQISELECTIONSourceSideIQIFilmSideIQINominalSingle-WallMaterialThicknessRange,in(mm)EssentialWireDiameterin.(mm)WireIdentityEssentialWireDiameterin.(mm)WireIdentity≤0.25(≤6.4)0.008(0.2)50.006(0.16)4＞0.25~0.375(＞6.4~9.5)0.010(0.25)60.008(0.2)5＞0.375~0.5(＞9.5~12.7)0.013(0.33)70.010(0.25)6RADIOGRAPHICEXAMINATIONPROCEDUREFORBUTTWELDSRevision0Date30/04/2007Page5of19＞0.5~0.75(＞12.7~19.1)0.016(0.4)80.013(0.33)7＞0.75~1.00(＞19.1~24.5)0.020(0.51)90.016(0.41)8＞1.00~1.50(＞25.4~38.1)0.025(0.64)100.020(0.51)9＞1.50~2.00(＞38.1~50.8)0.032(0.81)110.025(0.64)103.5.2.2Forweldswithreinforcements,thethicknessonwhichtheIQIisbasedisthenominalsinglewallthicknessplustheestimatedweldreinforcementnottoexceedthemaximumpermittedbytheSectionⅧDivision1.Forweldswithoutreinforcements,thethicknessonwhichtheIQIisbasedisthenominalsinglewallthickness.InbothcasesbackingringsorstripsshallnotbeconsideredaspartoftheweldthicknessinIQIselection.3.5.3PlacementofIQI(s)3.5.3.1TheIQI(s)shallbeplacedonthesourcesideofthepartbeingexamined.WhenconfigurationorsizepreventsplacingtheIQI(s)onthepartorweld,theIQI(s)maybeplacedonaseparateblockincompliancewithPara.T-277.1ofSectionV.ASME.Theseparateblockshallbeplacedascloseaspossibletothepartbeingradiographed.3.5.3.2WhereinaccessibilitypreventshandplacingtheIQI(s)onthesourceside,theIQI(s)shallbeplacedonthefilmsideincontactwiththepartbeingexamined.AleadletterFshallbeplacedadjacenttoorontheIQI(s).3.5.3.3TheIQI(s)shallbeplacedontheweldsothatthelengthofthewiresisperpendiculartothelengthoftheweld.Theidentificationnumber(s)and,whenused,theleadletterFshallnotbeintheareaofinterest,exceptwhengeometricconfigurationmakesitimpractical.3.5.4NumberofIQIs3.5.4.1Whenoneormorefilmholdersareusedforanexposure,atleastRADIOGRAPHICEXAMINATIONPROCEDUREFORBUTTWELDSRevision0Date30/04/2007Page6of19oneIQIimageshallappearoneachradiograph.3.5.4.2Ifthedensityoftheradiographanywherethroughtheareaofinterestvariesbymorethanminus15%orplus30%fromthedensi