低浓度含铀废水的处理技术及其研究进展

©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:(1980),,,,,(,101149):,,:;;:TL94111:A:100028063(2007)0220090206IAEA,37317105Bq/L,,1111,,,::1);2);3),,:1);2);3)112,(UO22+),pH,pH3,pH=56,pH,113,,,,pH,1[1]1mg/LHgCdCr6+1100.050.10.5AsPdCuZnFpH0.51152069Bq/L1Bq/L(0104mg/L),©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[2]5mg/L,125,10000,,2,,,,,()4,22,,,;;,,,,,,,,,,,,99%211,,,,,pH913,10,,,,,60mg/L,10%:,pH=45,pH=1011,2%;2()2,0142%[3],pH=68,pH=1011,SO42-,,[4],,,(U)0105mg/L,pH69212,,,103104,pH2158,2080192,:©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(2000mm3500mm),2017,(U)0112mg/L0103mg/L[5]213:,,,,,,,214,,,,,,,:BaSO4+Ra2+=Ba(Ra)SO4+Ba2+pH10,148Bq/L,96%9914%,3311,,2021:1),;2);3):1)pH;2);3),,,,015g/L,pH78,(18152519)103Bq/L,918MPa,95%,40[6]22,,,99193%22(URE),312103,[7]31260,,,80,,5mg/L,(R1arrhlzus)80140mg/g,(IRA2400)313mg/g,(F2400)1520mg/g[8],[9],,,,,,g76912mg[10]2926©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[11],Eh,:,;,U2;,U()U(),U,,,,Roig[12],pHAl2O3Ras2chig22/UO22+39;50mL/h(14h)50%313,,(Phytoremediation),,[13],137Cs90Sr3H238,239,240,241PuU,,30000[14](Con2structedWetlands)(Rhizofiltra2tion)Wismut:2/m3,,50%[15],pH,,,1999,EdenspaceBTD9367,23,95%,31410,(PRB),,()314112070,,2090,,1):,,UO22+(),UO22+:Fe0Fe2++2e-,(1)UO22++4H++2e-U()+2H2O(2)Abdelouas[16](Fe0)24,U()0125913mg/LpH29pH,392,:©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(UO2nH2O)Fe0U()U(),:Fe0+UO22+=Fe2++UO2(3),,,pH29,Gu[17](UO22+),76mmol/L(18g/L),100%2)Wilkin[18],(pH213415;1416g/L)(CuCdNiZnHgAlMn)(As)24h,,:1200mL(pH2152,(U)5133mg/L)8g(140r/m)10d,,010052%,010048%3),,,,,[19]2,/1a,//60%70%(96%),Wismut,,pH[20]31412,,[21]20054,,pH,(U)12121mg/L01003mg/L4,,,,,,:[1].GB89781996,[S].[2].[M].:,2003:1252154.[3],,,.22[J].,1994,13(3):1722179.[4],,.[J].,2002,28(5):2742277.[5].[J].,1984,3(4):67268.[6].[M].:,2003:36237.[7],,,.22[J].,1993,19(1):27231.[8].[J].,1985,4(4):62265.[9],,.[J].,4926©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(4):1982202.[10],,,.[J].,2005,24(1):34237.[11]KalinM,WheelerWN,MeinrathG.Theremo2valofuraniumfromminingwastewaterusingal2gal/microbialbiomass[J].JournalofEnvironmen2talRadioactivity,2004,78(2):1512177.[12]RoigMG,ManzanoT,DiazM,etal.Enzymically2enhancedextractionofuraniumfrombiologicallyleachedsolutions[J].InternationalBiodeterioration&Biodegradation,1995,35(1/3):932127.[13].[M].:,2006:1442147.[14].2[J].,2002,13(2):2432246.[15].[J].,2001,20(3):1612170.[16]AbdelouasAbdesselam,LutzeWerner,NuttallEric,etal.RemediationofU()2contaminatedwaterusingzero2valentiron[J].Earth&PlanetarySciences,1999,328:3152319[17]GuB,LiangL,DickeyMJ,etal.Reductivepre2cipitationofuranium()byzero2valentiron[J].EnvironmentalScience&Technology,1998,32(21):336623373.[18]WilkinRT,McNeilMS.Laboratoryevaluationofzero2valentirontotreatwaterimpactedbyacidminedrainage[J].Chemosphere,2003,53(7):7152725.[19]SchneiderP,NeitzelPL,Osenbruck,etal.In2sitetreatmentofradioactiveminewaterusingreactivema2terialsresultsoflaboratoryandfieldexperimentsinuraniumoreminesinGermany[J].ActaHydrochim.Hydrobiol.,2001,29:1292138.[20]KlingerC,JenkU,SchreyerJ.Processesinpassiveminewaterremediationwithzero2valentironandligniteasreactivematerials[M]//MerkelBJ,Planer2FriedrichB,WolkersdorferC.Uraniumintheaquaticenvironment.Berlin:Springer,2002:5692586.[21],,,.[J].,2006,25(3):1532157.Treatmenttechnologyoflowconcentrationuranium2bearingwastewateranditsresearchprogressWEIGuang2zhi,XULe2chang(BeijingResearchInstituteofChemicalEngineeringandMetallurgy,CNNC,Beijing101149,China)Abstract:Withgrowthofthedischargeduranium2bearingwastewatercapacity,alowcostandeffec2tivetreatmenttechnologyisrequiredtoavoidtransferringanddiffusingoftheradioactivenuclides.Onthebasisofanalysesofthesourceandcharacteristicsofthelow2concentrationuranium2bearingwastewater,theconventionaltreatmenttechnologies,suchas,flocculatingsettling,ionexchange,concentration,adsorption,andsomeinnovatorytechnologies,suchas,membrane,microorganism,phytoremediationandzero2valentirontechnologyareintroduced.Keywords:low2concentrationuranium2bearingwastewater;treatmenttechnology;researchprogress592,: