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19997ACTAPETROLEISINICA204:025322697(1999)04200512553()():,,,,KvöKh:3;;,;;,,,:;;;;;1[17],,,,,,,,,2,200,;(1)1Table1Factorsaffectingeologicalmodels(10-3Lm2)014285500123456789(m)04090140240440(Lm2cm)52050100(m)112168224280336392448KvöKh01050110115012013014015016018110015m,015m3311,,,19973,,1967101989(),1998:766100724,,,1997(96050504)©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,,[8,9],,3,3,,500m,,,,,,,,,312KvöKh[10],(KvöKh),,,,,,KvöKh,KvöKh012,,,KvöKh,1Fig.1RelationsbetweenQföQuandthenumberoffractures313[1],,,,1,,,,,3456789;,3,,,,,,,,,314,,,,1,210-3Lm2810-3Lm2,140m,,,,(2520©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.2Fig.2Relationsbetweenoilrateofthefracturedhorizontalwellandfractureconductivity90m),,315(2),,,2,01410-3Lm23140m,20Lm2cm50Lm2cm100Lm2cm,,50Lm2cm316,3,90m,,,01410-3Lm2,,,,5010-3Lm2,111,,?3Fig.3Relationsbetweenthecumulativeproductionoffracturedhorizontalwellandthedistancebetweentheoutmostfractures,,,,317,3500m,3()(3),,,,,,,,318,(4)4,,,354©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.4Fig.4Productiondistributionoffracturedhorizontalwell(5fractures),3,56%,18%;4,54%,30%,4,,,,,;,,(1015),3195(Nf=3,T=36)Fig15QföQutemplateoffracturedhorizontalwell(3fractures),,?,,,,,(24),43,(40,90,140,240,440m),(5,20,50,100Lm2cm)(014,2,8,25,50)10-3Lm2,,(2)5,,,52(3)Table2RelationsbetweenQföQuandfracturelength(3fractures)(m)R240QföQu=110856(CföKm)01086501993590QföQu=110927(CföKm)01183401979140QföQu=111338(CföKm)012277019736240QföQu=111258(CföKm)012572019631440QföQu=111289(CföKm)01288301960711,2134,31,,,4520©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,41Kv,Lm2;Kh,Lm2;T,;Qf,m3;Qu,m3;Lf,m;Cf,Lm2õcm;Km,Lm2;Nf;Lw,m[1]JoshiSD.Horizontalwelltechnology.PennwellPublishingCorporation,1991:310.[2]ButlerR.Thepotentialforhorizontalwellsforpetroleumproduction.JCPT,1989,28(3):3947.[3]TankWJ,CurranBC,WadleighEE.Targetinghorizontalwells2efficientoilcaptureandfractureinsights.SPE37751,1997,601605.[4]GilmanJR,BowzerJL,RothkopfBW.ApplicationofshortradiushorizontalboreholesinthenaturallyfracturedYatesField.SPE28568,1994,2125.[5]VoDT,MarshEL,SienkiewiczLJ,etc.GulfofMexicohorizontalwellimprovesattic2oilrecoveryinactivewaterdrivereservoir.SPEReservoirEngineering,1997,12(3):6368.[6]BodnarDA,CliffordPJ,IsbyJS,etc.FirsthorizontalwaterinjectorsinPrudhoeBayField,Alaska.SPEReservoirEngineering,1997,12(2):104108.[7]GigerFM.Lowpermeabilityreservoirsdevelopmentusinghorizontalwells.SPE16406,1987,173183.[8]SolimanMY,HuntJLandE1RabaaW.Fracturingaspectsofhorizontalwells.JPT,1990,42(12):966971.[9]SolimanMY,HuntJL.Effectoffracturingfluidanditscleanuponwellperformance.SPE14541,1985,14.[10]KarcherBJ,GigerFMandCombeJ.Somepracticalformulastopredicthorizontalwellbehavior.SPE15430,1986,15.(19982072311999202202)554©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.whenwaterisexposedtoanexternalmagneticfield;(5)thecalculationisinagreementwithexperimentalresults.Keywords:magneticwater;porousrock;penetration;computersimulationASTUDYONFACTORSAFFECTINGTHEPERFORMANCEOFHYDRAULICALLYFRACTUREDHORIZONTALWELLINLOWPERMEABILITYRESERVOIRSACTA1999,20(4):5155.ZhangXuewenetal.(ChinaNationalPetroleumCorporation)Over200heterogeneousgeologicalmodelswereestablishedthroughreasonableabstraction.Bymeansofreservoirnumericalsimulation,thepaperhadsystematicallystudiedthefactorsaffectingtheperformanceoffracturedhorizontalwell,andQfracöQunfractemplatewasconstructed.Thefactorstakenintoaccountincludefracturedirectioncorrespondingtothedirectionofwell2bore,KvöKh,numberoffractures,lengthoffractures,fractureconductivity,distancebetweentheoutmostfracturesandlengthofunevenfractures.Thestudyshowsthattheoptimalnumberoffracturesmightbe3,theoptimallengthoffractureisrelatedtofractureconductivityandreservoirpermeabilityandforaspecificreservoir,theredoesexistanoptimalfractureconductivity.Distancebetweentheoutmostfracturesinfluencestheproductivityoffracturedhorizontalwell.Theproductivityoffracturesisrelatedtothepositionsoffracturesonfracturedhorizontalwellbore.So,itissuggestedthatthelengthorconductivityofmiddlefracturebeincreasedtoachievetheproductivitybalanceofdifferentfractures.Finally,QfracöQunfractemplatewasestablishedbasedonthestudiesofnumberoffractures,lengthoffractureandfractureconductivity.Keywords:horizontalwell;hydraulicfracture;numberoffractures;lengthoffractures;fractureconductivity;distancebe2tweenfracturesTHEFORMATIONOFREMAININGCRACKINFRACTURINGACTA1999,20(4):5660.LiWenkuietal.(Xi’anPetroleumInstitute)Thedifferentdeformationregulationsofrockunderloadingöunloadingisanalyzedinthispaperbasingontheoryandexperi2ment,therockdeformationunderloadingöunloadingisirreversible.Thefracturecannotbefullyclosedandwillproducere2mainingdeformation,whentheloadsactingonboundaredischargedandpöRtogetherwithE2öE1gainscertainvalue.TheYoung’sModulusandPoisson’sRatiounderunloadingarehigherthanthoseunderloadingbyanalyzingrealREcurvesofrocks.Itshowsthatremainingcrackshavebeenproducedinrocksamples.Thesitepracticesalsoprovethattheirreversib