加拿大污染场地的管理方法及其对我国的借鉴

,,(,210042):,10,,:;;:X32:A:1673-4831(2009)03-0090-04ApproachtoManagementofPollutedSitesinCanada.SHANYan2hong,LINYu2suo,WANGGuo2qing(NanjingInstitu2teofEnvironmentalSciences,MinistryofEnvironmentalProtection,Nanjing210042,China)Abstract:AdetailedintroductionwaspresentedtohowCanadahandlespollutedsitesinitsterritory.Itfollowsthefollow2ingsteps:(1)identifysuspectedsites;(2)investigatehistoryofthesite;(3)conductinitialsamplingtest;(4)classifythesiteaccordingtotheCanadianCouncilofMinistersoftheEnvironment(CCME)nationalclassificationsystem;(5)carryoutsecondarysamplingtest;(6)reclassifythesiteaccordingtotheCCMEnationalclassificationsystem;(7)de2velopremediation/managementstrategy;(8)implementthestrategy;(9)verifytheeffectbysamplingtestandprepareafinalreport;and(10)performlong2termmonitoring.Toimplementthesteps,Canadahaslaiddownaseriesofguidancedocuments.DiscussionwasconductedaboutthevalueoftheapproachasreferenceforChinaindevelopingapollutedsitesmanagementsystem.Keywords:pollutedsite;approachtomanagement;Canada,,,,,,,,,,,,,1:;,[1]101.1,:1.2:,:(2007BAC16B06);(200709003):2009-03-172009,25(3):90-93,108JournalofEcologyandRuralEnvironment1.3(1):()(:;:)(2):,,(3):,(4):(5):(6):,,,1.4(CCME)(nationalclassificationsystem,NCS),,NCS,NCS(70)(5070)(3750)(37)4NCS39(1),100,3333334,4,NCS,0,;100,[2]1Table1Factorsscoringsysteminthenationalclassifica2tionsystemforpollutedsitesofCanada1.51.3,,1.6NCS,1.71131.5,1.7.121,,,,,,,:(1);(2)();(3);(4);(5)1;(6)(,);(7);(8);(9)pH5pH9,;(10),;(11)193:;(12)1.7.2,,,,,1.8,,,,;,,1.9,3,,,;,,1.10,,,,1.71.810,1022.1,:;;(1989)(1986)(1991),,,([2004]47),,,,,,[3],20066[4];20075(),[5],,,,,,,2.2,10,(2),29252[6-22]Table2GuidancedocumentsforimplementationofthestepsforaddressingpollutedsitesofCanada1(1999)2(1998)3:(1997)4(1997)5()(1997)6(1997)7(1996)8(1996)9(1996)10(1995)111(1994)12(1994)13:(1993)14:(1993)15(1993)16(1992)17(1991)18(1991),:(1):(GB30951996)(GB38382002)(GB/T1484893)(GB156181995),()(2):(3):,,(4):,,,:[1]DillonConsultingLimited.AFederalApproachtoContaminatedSites[R].Ottawa:CanadianContaminatedSitesManagementWorkingGroup,2000.[2]NationalClassificationSystemforContaminatedSites[R].Win2nipeg:CanadianCouncilofMinistersoftheEnvironment,1992.[3].[Z].:,2004.[4].[Z].:,2006.[5],.()[Z].:,2007.[6]CanadianCouncilofMinistersoftheEnvironment.EnvironmentalQualityGuidelines[R].Ottawa:CCME,1999.[7]HealthCanada.ProceduresforConductingHumanHealthRiskAssessmentsatContaminatedSitesinCanada[R].Ottawa:HealthCanada,1998.[8]CanadianCouncilofMinistersoftheEnvironmental.AFrameworkforEcologicalRiskAssessment:TechnicalAppendices[R].Otta2wa:CCME,1997.[9]CanadianCouncilofMinistersoftheEnvironment.GuidanceDoc2umentontheManagementofContaminatedSitesinCanada[R].Ottawa:CCME,1997.[10]EnvironmentCanada.ARiskManagementFrameworkforContami2natedSites,ADiscussionPaper(FirstDraft)[R].Ottawa:Envi2ronmentCanada,1997.[11]CanadianCouncilofMinistersoftheEnvironment.RecommendedCanadianSoilQualityGuidelines[R].Ottawa:CCME,1997.[12]CanadianCouncilofMinistersoftheEnvironment.AFrameworkforEcologicalRiskAssessment:GeneralGuidance[R].Ottawa:CCME,1996.[13]CanadianCouncilofMinistersoftheEnvironment.AProtocolfortheDerivationofEnvironmentalandHumanHealthSoilQualityGuidelines[R].Ottawa:CCME,1996.[14]CanadianCouncilofMinistersoftheEnvironment.GuidanceMan2ualforDevelopingSite2SpecificSoilQualityRemediationObjec2tivesforContaminatedSitesinCanada[R].Ottawa:CCME,1996.[15]CanadianCouncilofMinistersoftheEnvironment.ProtocolfortheDerivationofCanadianSedimentQualityGuidelinesfortheProtec2tionofAquaticLife[R].Ottawa:CCME,1995.[16]CSAZ768,Phase1EnvironmentalSiteAssessment[S].[17]CanadianCouncilofMinistersoftheEnvironment.SubsurfaceAs2sessmentHandbookforContaminatedSites[R].Ottawa:CCME,1995.(108)393:,pH,3,,,,,,3(1),,CrCu,-CuNiCr(2),:[1],,,.[J].,2008,27(2):488-492.[2],,,.[J].,2005,21(4):54-57.[3],,.[J].,2003,19(2):38-42.[4],,.[J].,2001,38(2):212-218.[5],,,.[J].,1994,5(1):89-94.[6].[M].3.:,2002:25-177.[7],,,.[J].,2007,26():300-302.[8],,,.[J].,2007,28(1):182-188.[9],,,.Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr,Cd[J].,2002,21(2):110-116.[10]IYENGARSS,MARTENSDC,MILLERWP.DistributionandPlantAvailabilityofSoilZincFractions[J].SoilScienceSocietyofAmericanJournal,1981,45(3):735-739.[11],,,.[J].,2003,22(3):289-292.[12],,,.[J].,2000,22(6):37-40.[13],,,.[J].,2006,37(3):479-481.[14],,,.[J].,2008,39(4):942-945.[15],,.Cr[J].,2005(5):21-24.[16].Zn[J].,1990(3):118-122.:(1978),,,,E2mail:[e-mail](93)[18]CanadianCouncilofMinistersoftheEnvironment.GuidanceMan2ualonSampling,Analysis,andDataManagementforContamina2tedSitesVolumeI:MainReport[R].Ottawa:CCME,1993.[19]CanadianCouncilofMinistersoftheEnvironment.GuidanceMan2ualonSampling,Analysis,andDataManagementforContamina2tedSitesVolumeII:AnalyticalMethodSummaries[R].Otta2wa:CCME,1993.[20]EPA542-B93-005,RemediationTechnologiesScreeningMatrix[S].[21]CanadianCouncilofMinistersoftheEnvironment.NationalGuidelinesforDecommissioningIndustrialSites[R].Ottawa:CC2ME,1991.[22]EPC2CS34,InterimCanadianEnvironmentalQualityCriteriaforContaminatedSites[S].:(1967),,,,,E2ma