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(,100039)NEUTRONRADIOGRAPHYZhengShicai(XinliMachineryPlant,Beijing)11920,,20,,1930,(W.Bothe)(H.Becker)A,,C,C,0.22cm-1,C0.46cm-1J.,,0,,,10-910-6s,B,10.60min1946,,1955,J.ThewlisHarwellBEPO,60,,,,:(1)(2)(3)XC,:(1)(2)(3),,XC,,,2,XCXC,,,,,,,,,,10-2010-16s,10-22s,,67322820008NDTVol.22No.8Aug.2000©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,(n,n),,,,,,,,100keV,34MeV,,,,,,,,C,,(n,C),,,,135Xe2.6510-22m2,18O10-32m2,,,A,,23200MeV(810MeV),,(n,2n)(n,np),,821,,,,X,C8210.01eV1.610-21J0.010.5eV1.610-218.010-20J0.5eV10keV8.010-201.610-15J,10keV2.0MeV1.610-153.210-12J2.0MeV3.210-12J,,I=I0e-LnxII0Lnx33.1821,,,8211.2.3.4.5.6.7.DL822,XC,,,,,,773:©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.822,XC3.2AC,,C,,,,,,,En822,823,,,,,822nöcm2s10104,103106,105108,104106823öMeVnögs238Pu-Be(A,n)89a44.7107241Am-Be(A,n)458a41107241Am-242Cm-Be(A,n)163d41.2109244Cm-Be(A,n)18.1a42.4108252Cf2.65a2.331012210Po-Be(A,n)138d4.31.281010124Sb-Be(C,n)60d0.0242.7109,,,,824824öcm-11.53600.186000200000.161350.063175,,,,,::105nöcm2();:109nöcm2();:105107nöcm23.3821,LöD,Ug=DLT,LöD:LöD10;:LöD=505003.4,C,873:©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,A,BC,,,,,;,,,,C82582510-26m2öMeV9.35A4.738.37A2.3200C95802400ee0.140.13415C-1.441.440.1143s57min4.4minCXC2.410.020.50.451.5414s54minBB3.30.428202.35h1.26minBB1.29,0.0951.04,1.1082.146.7hB0.8,0.10.441.100.032.4min24.5s254dBBB1.64,0.482.871.5,0.660.9882.69dB0.4123.5,,()(823a);,()(823b),,,C,,(a)(b)8231.2.3.4.5.,,;,,,,,,,,,105106nöcm2,50100Lm4,:A105107nöcm2s,0.250.5mm,3mömin5,973:©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,,,,,,,,,,4.24.5eV,10-26m2;10-25m2;7.4eV,310-26m2,1.110-27m2,,66.160,,X,C:(1),(2)(3)(4)(5)6.26.2.1,,,XC,,824,(a)(b)8246.2.2,,,XC,,,6.2.3,,0.25mm,0.038mm:2000201210(354)Leff=L3+2L2tgH=483+220tg6487mm4(1)(1),(2)Gmin=24.62(K=1.1)Gmin=19.37(K=1.06)G=20X,(1),(2)(1),(2)(2)G=20X,(3)(5)100%N,L3Leff,,B(3),,G=20X,fRfR,f1..:,1994.172-1802..:,1989.102-106:1999208231083:©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.