搜索
28120092SICHUANENVIRONMENTVol128,No11February2009:2008209202:(1983-),,,2006,1,1,2(1.,610065;2.,610041):,,,,,,,,,:;;;:X53:A:100123644(2009)0120073205RetrospectandProspectonResearchofSoilEnvironmentalQualityLIUDong2mei1,SUNHui1,FANGZi2li2(1.DepartmentofEnvironmentalScience&Engineering,SichuanUniversity,Chengdu610065,China;2.SichuanInstituteofEnvironmentalProtection,Chengdu610041,China)Abstract:Asanimportantpartofsoilquality,soilenvironmentalqualityindicatesthecapacitytocontain,absorbanddegradeenvironmentalpollutants.Asfarthereisnoadmitteddefinitionofsoilenvironmentalquality.Asareference,Dr.ChenhasproposedthatSoilEnvironmentalQualitymeantadaptabilityofthesoil,withinacertaintimehorizonandspatialdimensionbasedonitsnaturalpropertyforitssustainableutilizationandconcernedenvironmentalfactorsaffectingthesurvivalandreproductionofhumanandotherlivingbeingaswellasthedevelopmentofsocialeconomy.Thisarticlereviewsthestudiesathomeandabroadonsoilenvironmentalqualityfromtherespectsofthesoilpollution,environmentalcapacity,transferenceandconversionofcontaminants,ecologicalsecurityandremediationtechnology.Besides,thefutureresearchesareprospected.Itispointedoutthat,inChina,theworkofresearchesonsoilenvironmentalqualityisstillpoor.Especiallyitneedsurgentstrengtheningofsustainingpollutantspreventionandriskassessmentofsoilpollution.WiththeincreasingsoilpollutioninChina,theresearchandapplicationonsoilenvironmentalqualitywillbeveryimportantonagriculturalsecurity,foodsecurity,andecologicalsecuritytheoreticallyandpractically.Keywords:Soilenvironmentalquality;soilpollution;soilenvironmentalcapacity;soilquality120,,19911992,1994DefiningSoilQualityforaSustainableEnvironment,[1]DoranParkin,,[2],,,,[3],,,,,,,,[4],,,,,,,,,,,,,,2211,,,,90%[5],,21111,,,,,,,Hg115104t,Cu340104t,Pb500104t,Mn1500104t,Ni100104tCdPbCuZn,24320,6016104hm2,20%,80%,PbCdHgCu21112,(PAHs)(PCBs)(PCDD/PCDFs),,,,,(PAHs)316107hm2,116107hm2,16%20%1104hm2,,,600mg/kg,[6],,10PAHs,PAHs4728,,[7]21221211,,,[8],POPs,POPs()[9],,,[8],()()21212,,,,,,;;;(kg/ha)[10],21321311,,,,,,,,,;,,,,2060cm,,60100cm[11]21312(PCBs)(PAHs)(PCDD/PCDFs),PCBs[12],Stuart&HarradPCBs,PCBs9311%[13]PCBs,,PCBs,PCBs[14]PAHsPAHs,,PAHs15cm,20cm[15]PCDD/PCDFsPCDD/PCDFsPCDD/PCDFs[16]PCDD/PCDFs571:,,PCDD/PCDFs,[17]214,,,,,,21411[18],,,,PbCdZn,,,,,,,21412,,,30%50%,;Hg,,31%[19],[20],,,,[21],,,,215,,,21511,,,,[22][23],,,21512,,,[24][25][26][27][28],,,,,[29]21513,[30][31][32][33]863,[34],[35,36]3,6728,,311,,,,,,,,,,,,312,,3S,,,,313,,,,,,,,,,,314,,,CdAsPbHg,,,,:[1]SherwoodS,UphoffN.Soilhealth:research,practiceandpoli2cyforamoreregenerativeagriculture[J].AppliedSoilEcology,2000,15(1):85297.[2]DoranJW,ParkinTB.DefiningSoilQualityforaSustainableEnvironment[M].Madison,Wisconsin:SSSASpecialPublica2tion,1994.3221.[3],,..[J].,1997,29(3):1132120.[4],,,,.[J].,2006,25(4):8212827.[5],.[J].,2003,22(4):5052508.[6],,,.[J].,2006,25(12):154421548.[7],,,.[J].,2003,23(2):1132116.[8]TiktakA,AlkemadeJRM,Grinsvenvan,etal.Modellingcadmi2umaccumulationataregionalscaleintheNetherlands[J].NutrientCyclinginAgroecosystems,1998,50(13):2092222.[9]LoftsS,TippingE,etal.Calculationofcriticalloadsforcadmi2um,leadandmercury[R].Alterra2Reportl104,Wageningen,2005.[10].:[M].:,1995.60261.[11],,.[J].,2005,24(8):7212727.[12]DallaValleM,JuradoE,DachsJ,etal.Themaximumreservoircapacityofsoilsforpersistentorganicpollutants:implicationforglobalcycling[J].EnvironmentalPollution,2005,134(1):1532164.(115)771:[4]KEXian-kun,YUGe1Impactsoflargeriversandhumanbe2ingsactivetiesonJiangsutidalflats[A]1InProceedingsoftheFifthMICESymposiumforAsiaandthePacific:EcosystemandEnvironmentofTidalFlatsCoastEffectedbyHumanBeingActiv2ities[C]1Nanjing:NanjingUniversityPress,1990.362491[5]1[M]1:,1999.6221351[6]1[J]1,2004,20(7):202241[7]1[J]1,2003,12(2):582631[8],,1[J]1,2004,23(1):832851[9],1I1[J]1,2002,22(7):1005210111[10],,,1[J]1,2000,20(6):54525571[11],,1[J].,2005,24(3):802871[12]1[D]1:,2006.692781(77)[13]HarradSJ,SewartAP,AlockR,etal.Polychlorinatedbiphen2yls(PCBs)intheBritishenvironment:sinks,sourcesandtem2poraltrends[J].EnvironmentPollution,1994,85(2):1312146.[14],,.[J].,1995,15(4):4232431.[15],,.PAHs[J].,2004,13(3):3232326.[16]KapilaS,YandersAF,OrazioCE.Fieldandlaboratorystudiesonthemovementandfateoftetrachlo2dibenzo2p2dioxininsoil[J].Chemosphere,1989,18(16):1297213041.[17]JacksonDR.Mobilityofpolychlorinatedaromaticcompoundsinsoilcontaminatedwithwoodpreservingsoil[J].AirWasteMan2ageAssoc,1990,40(8):112921133.[18]VandermoereF.PsychosocialhealthofresidentsexposedtosoilpollutioninaFlemishneighbourhood[J].SocialScience&Medicine,2008,66(7):164621657.[19],,,.[J].,2001,21(6):6602663.[20],,,.[J].,2004,41(1):972102.[21],.[J].,2001,32(5):2352237.[22],.[J].,1997,18(3):72276.[23],,.[J].,2000,19(2):1302135.[24],,,.[J].,2002,3(7):45250.[25]KaoCM,ChenYL,ChenSC,etal.EnhancedPCEdechlori2nationbybiobarriersystemsunderdifferentredoxconditions[J].WaterResearch,2003,37(20):488524894.[26]MastenSJ,DaviesSHR.Effectsofin2situozonationforthere2mediationofPAHcontaminatedsoils[J].JournalofContami2nantHydrology,1997,2