ASME射线II级基础理论试卷

射线II级基础理论试卷RTLevelIIGeneralExamination姓名：答卷时间：地点：NameTimeLocation得分：评卷人：时间：MarksExaminerDate1.Ｘ射线管中，轰击靶的电子运动速度取决于：(C)A)阴极材料的原子序数B)灯丝材料的原子序数C)阴极和阳极之间的电位差D)整流电路的电流ThevelocityofelectronsstrikingthetargetinanX-raytubeisafunctionof:A)theatomicnumberofthecathodematerialB)theatomicnumberofthefilamentmaterialC)thevoltagedifferencebetweenthecathodeandanodeD)thecurrentflowintherectifiercircuit2.哪种源发出的射线其穿透力最大？(C)A)钴60B)220kVpＸ射线管C)15MeV回旋加速器D)铱192发射的电子Ofthefollowing,thesourceprovidingthemostpenetratingradiationis:A)cobalt-60B)220kVpX-raytubeC)15MeVX-raybetatronD)electronsfromiridium-1923.铱192源适用的厚度极限约为：(B)A)2英寸钢或当量厚度B)4英寸钢或当量厚度C)15/2英寸钢或当量厚度D)11英寸钢或当量厚度Aniridium-192gamma-raysourcehasanapproximatepracticalthicknesslimitof:A)2inchesofsteeloritsequivalentB)4inchesofsteeloritsequivalentC)15/2inchesofsteeloritsequivalentD)11inchesofsteeloritsequivalent4.单色Ｘ射线束：(D)A)是用来产生高对比度射线照片的窄射线束B)也叫做多频Ｘ射线束C)是只含有标识射线的Ｘ射线束D)是由单一波长射线组成的Ｘ射线束AmonochromaticX-raybeam:A)isanarrowbeamusedtoproducehighcontrastradiographs.B)isalsoreferredtoasaheterogeneousX-raybeam.C)isabeamcontainingonlycharacteristicX-radiation.D)isabeamconsistingofasinglewavelength.5.钴60源的半衰期为5.3年。用新钴源曝光一定时间可得到满意的射线照片，两年后用该钴源对同一工件进行照相，为得到同样的射线照片，曝光时间应：(C)A)不变B)约延长11%C)约延长31%D)约延长62～100%Cobalt-60isreportedtohaveahalf-lifeof5.3years.Byhowmuchshouldexposuretimebeincreased(overthatusedinitiallytoproduceexcellentradiographswhenthecobalt-60sourcewasnew)Whenthesourceistwoyearsold?A)nochangeinexposuretimeisneededB)exposuretimeshouldbeabout11percentlongerC)exposuretimeshouldbeabout31percentlongerD)exposuretimeshouldbeabout62to100percentlonger6.距1居里钴60源1英尺处的γ线强度约为：(A)A)15伦／小时B)1,000伦／小时C)1伦／分D)10毫伦／天Thegamma-rayintensityatonefootfromaonecuriesourceofradioactivecobalt-60isnearest:A)15roentgensperhourB)1,000roentgensperhourC)1roentgenperminuteD)10milliroentgensperday7.胶片特性曲线上，过两个特定密度点的直线的斜率叫做：(C)A)曲线的速度B)宽容度C)平均梯度D)密度Theslopeofastraightlinejoiningtwopointsofspecifieddensitiesonacharacteristiccurveofafilmisknownasthe:A)speedofthecurveB)latitudeC)averagegradientD)density8.有些Ｘ射线管中循环油的作用是：(D)A)润滑运动部件B)吸收二次射线C)降低需要的高电流D)散热ThepurposeforcirculatingoilinsometypesofX-raytubesis:A)tolubricatemovingpartsB)toabsorbsecondaryradiationC)todecreasetoneedforhighcurrentD)todissipateheat9.小焦点Ｘ射线管比大焦点Ｘ射线管的好处是：(B)A)发射的射线穿透力大B)得到的射线照片清晰度好C)得到的射线照片对比度低D)得到的底片密度高AnX-raytubewithasmallfocalspotisconsideredbetterthanonewithalargefocalspotwhenitisdesiredtoobtain:A)greaterpenetratingpowerB)betterdefinitionC)lesscontrastD)greaterfilmdensity10.定影液使用一定时间后活度会降低，这是因为：(C)A)起作用的成分蒸发掉B)起作用的成分被射线照片吸收掉C)定影液里堆积了可溶性银盐D)起作用的成分沉淀到槽子底部Theactivityofthefixerdiminishesafterbeingusedforaperiodoftimebecause:A)theactiveingredientsevaporateB)theactiveingredientsareabsorbedbytheradiographC)thefixersolutionaccumulatessolublesilversaltsD)theactiveingredientssettletothebottomofthetank11.降低射线照相对比度的一种方法是：(C)A)增大射线源到物体的距离B)减小物体到胶片的距离C)减小射线的波长D)在制造厂推荐的范围内延长显影时间Onemethodofreducingradiographiccontrastisto:A)increasethedistancebetweentheradiationsourceandtheobject.B)decreasethedistancebetweentheobjectandthefilm.C)decreasethewavelengthoftheradiationused.D)increasedevelopmenttimewithinmanufacturer'srecommendations.12.Ｘ射线额定值为250kVp，该射线管的最高工作电压为：(A)A)250,000伏峰值B)250kV有效值C)250,000,000伏均方根值D)250kV平均值AnX-raytubeisratedforamaximumof250kVp.Thistubemaybeoperatedatamaximumof:A)250,000voltspeakvoltageB)250kVeffectivevoltageC)250,000,000voltsrmsvoltageD)250kVaveragevoltage13.一个电压调节器由铁芯变压器组成，变压器只有一个绕组，绕组上有许多插头。这种电压调节器叫做：(C)A)高压变压器B)灯丝变压器C)自耦变压器D)电源变压器Avoltageselectorconsistingofanironcoretransformerwithasinglewindinghavingaseriesoftapsatvariouspointsonthewindingiscalled:A)ahigh-voltagetransformerB)afilamenttransformerC)anautotransformerD)apowertransformer14.材料阻挡或部分阻挡Ｘ射线和γ射线通过的能力叫做：(C)A)穿透B)绝对值C)吸收D)宽容度TheabilityofamaterialtoblockorpartiallyblockthepassageofX-raysandgammaraysisreferredtoas:A)penetrationB)absolutionC)absorptionD)latitude15.与低压射线照片相比，高能射线照片：(B)A)对比度较高B)宽容度较大C)受散射线影响较大D)以上都不对Incomparisionwithlower-voltageradiographs,high-energyradiographsshow:A)greatercontrastB)greaterlatitudeC)greateramountsofscatterradiationrelativetoprimarybeamintensityD)noneoftheabove16.Ｘ射线管窗口放置滤波器的目的是：(C)A)产生二次射线以增强Ｘ射线束B)滤掉短波长Ｘ射线以获得“较软”的射线C)滤掉“软”射线以获得比较单纯的Ｘ射线束D)使Ｘ射线强度容易调整FiltersusedattheportoftheX-raytube:A)intensifytheX-raybeambycontributingsecondaryradiationB)filtershortwavelengthX-raybeamstoprovide“softer”radiationC)filterout“soft”radiationtoprovideamorehomogeneousX-raybeamD)providethemostreadilyadjustedmeansofmodifyingX-rayintensity17.施加于Ｘ射线管的电压会影响：(C)A)射线的质B)射线的强度C)A和B都是D)A和B都不是ThekilovoltageappliedtoanX-raytubeaffects:A)thequalityofthebeamB)theintensityofthebeamC)bothAandBaboveD)neitherAnorBabove18.射线照片的几何不清晰度：(B)A)与物体到胶片的距离成正比，与焦点尺寸成反比B)与焦点尺寸成正比，与源到胶片距离成反比C)与物体到胶片距离成反比，与源到胶片距离成正比D)与焦点尺寸以及物体到胶片距离成反比Theamountofunsharpnessorblurringofaradiographis:A)directlyproportionaltotheobject-to-filmdistanceandinverselyproportionaltothesizeofthefocalspot.B)directlyproportionaltothesizeofthefocalspotandinverselyproportionaltothesource-to-filmdistance.C)inverselyproportionaltotheobject-