基于因子分析的居住环境满意度的统计分析

I基于因子分析的居住环境满意度的统计分析——以丹东市为实例StatisticalAnalysisofLivingEnvironmentSatisfactionBasedonFactorAnalysis-TakingDandongasanExample辽东学院赵雪、王德龙、刘昆摘要随着中国经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高，人们对居住环境的要求也越来越高。了解中国最大的边境城市——丹东市的居民对居住环境满意度情况，对丹东市的可持续发展显得尤为重要。根据丹东市城市级别和特殊的区位优势,依照全面性、客观性、动态性、可比性和可量化的原则，本文从人文环境、安全环境、生活环境、经济环境、生态环境五大方面来设计了38个具体指标进行组织、分析、设计评价指标体系。通过分层随机抽样的方式对丹东市市内四区：元宝区、振兴区、振安区、新城区的居民进行探究性研究的问卷调查。共发放问卷80份，收回76份，经初步分析有效问卷73份，有效率91.25%。根据有效问卷进行分析整理，信度分析、指标合理性、问卷合理性通过检验。在此基础之上，进行正式研究的问卷调查，共发放问卷400份，收回353份，经初步分析有效问卷319份，有效率90.3%。根据有效问卷进行分析整理，问卷数据的信度分析、指标合理性、问卷合理性用户特征与丹东居民居住条件满意度的偏相关分析均通过检验，可以进行下一步因子分析。通过因子分析的方法将原有的38个评价指标降维为2个主因子，依次为生活质量因子和自然生态环境因子。评价结果显示丹东市居民居住环境满意度评价等级为3级，即一般。今后丹东市居民居住环境满意度在总体上还有待提高，尤其应重点加强经济环境的建设与自然生态资源的保护。自然生态环境因子的评价相对较高，所以良好的自然生态环境将会成为丹东经济发展的具大优势，使丹东成为一个可持续发展城市。关键词：居住环境；满意度；因子分析；马克威软件StatisticalAnalysisofLivingEnvironmentSatisfactionBasedonFactorAnalysis-TakingDandongasanExampleAbstractWithChina'seconomicdevelopmentandpeople'slivingstandardsimprovement,people'srequestforlivingenvironmenthasbecomehigher.ItisparticularlyimportantforthesustainabledevelopmentofDandongtounderstandlivingenvironmentsatisfactionconditionsofresidentsinDandong,China'slargestbordercity.BasedonthecitylevelandspecificlocationadvantagesofDandong,accordingtoacomprehensive,objective,dynamic,comparable,andquantifiableprinciples,thisarticledesigns38specificindicatorsfromfiveaspectsofhumanenvironment,secureenvironment,livingenvironment,economicenvironmentandecologicalenvironmenttoorganize,analyze,designandevaluatetheindexsystem.WedistributedexploratoryquestionnairetoresidentsinfourdistrictsofDandong:yuanbaodistrict,zhenxingdistrict,Zhen'andistrict,newdistrictbaseonstratifiedrandomsampling.80questionnaireswereissuedand76wererecoveredamongwhich73validquestionnaires,91.25%efficiency.Baseonanalysisofvalidquestionnaires,reliabilityanalysis,reasonablenessofindicators,rationalityofquestionnairereachexaminingstandard.Onthisbasis,aformalsurveywasconducted,400questionnairesdistributed,and353recoveredamongwhich,319validquestionnaires,efficiency90.3%.Baseonanalysisofvalidquestionnaires,reliabilityanalysis,reasonablenessofindicators,rationalityofquestionnaireandlivingconditionssatisfactionwereanalyzedbypartialcorrelationtestandfactoranalysiscanbeconducted.Theoriginal38evaluationdimensionwasreducedtotwomainfactorthroughfactoranalysismethodaslivingstandardfactorandecologicalenvironmentfactor.Fuzzycomprehensiveevaluationshowedthatresidents’livingenvironmentsatisfactionratingofDandongislevel3,thegenerallevel.Generallyspeaking,thelivingenvironmentsatisfactionofDandongneedstobeimprovedinfuture,inparticular,strengtheningtheeconomicenvironment.Keywords:livingconditions;satisfaction;factoranalysis;MarkwaySof目录摘要..............................................................................................................................IIII第1章导言......................................................................................................................11.1背景分析..............................................................................................................11.2研究的方法和技术路线......................................................................................21.2.1研究的方法................................................................................................21.2.2技术路线....................................................................................................3第2章丹东居民居住条件满意度研究设计..................................................................32.1丹东市居住环境模型建立的基本原则.............................................................32.2研究假设与立论依据.........................................................................................42.2.1人文环境与丹东居民居住条件满意度之间的关系................................42.2.2安全环境与丹东居民居住条件满意度之间的关系................................42.2.3生活环境与丹东居民居住条件满意度之间的关系................................52.2.4经济环境与丹东居民居住条件满意度之间的关系................................52.2.5生态环境与丹东居民居住条件满意度之间的关系................................52.3调查方案的设计.................................................................................................52.3.1调查研究的主要内容.................................................................................52.3.2问卷设计.....................................................................................................52.3.3调查程序.....................................................................................................7第3章丹东居民居住条件满意度探索性研究..............................................................73.1探索性研究样本概况..........................................................................................73.2数据质量分析......................................................................................................83.2.1信度分析.....................................................................................................93.2.2指标合理性与问卷合理性检验...............................................................123.2.3丹东居民居住条件满意度分析...............................................................14第4章正式样本的验证与分析......................................