121234531.2.3.4.5.4151.11)•6••72)••8(3)91—3—4—5—6—7—8—101.2(longitudinalcrack)(longitudinalcornercrack)/(star/spongycrack)(deeposcillationmark)(transversecrack)(cornercrack)(slagentrapment)(pinhole,pencilpipe)(slivers)depression(carbonpick-up)/sticking/breakout(SENerosion)112122.10.525C010MnO010TiO2015F-05SrO015Fe2O305K2O010BaO019B2O305Li2O010MgO013Al2O3025Na2O2245CaO1756SiO2%%%Chemicalcompositionofmouldfluxes132.2/142.32.3.1•••1516Ar2.3.21718***2.3.319***202.3.421—3004005006007008009001000-0.4-0.20.00.20.40.60.8g/cm3222.3.5231····2425()απ+−•=fNVNSinSyCp5002Smmfcycle/minmmVcm/minN1.52815mm20mm26VcTmRmQd2728)(02.0abVQSdR=dmmSRa,bmVm/minQKg/T292*/*tNTpK.C.MillstN0.5Tp*12mm0.10.2mm30**“/”3132d1=0.25Vc-0.29,0.8-1.8m/mind1=5.03104Vc-0.797Tm-1.803S0.329tf-1.057tp0.730,1.2-5.0m/mind1=0.143-0.003f/60d1=79.1512Vc-0.628Tm-0.866S0.341tf-0.076tp0.116d=0.9464Vc-0.4895ddlTmVcStftpf333***343536373839404142Statisticalrelationshipsbetweenpowderconsumptionandspecificareaofstrands434FFlFsslFFF+=lldAVcVmF)(−=ηHFss×=η44451.260.941.271.111.38(CaO+MgO)/SiO20005.54.1B2O30.20.62.56.10.7Fe2O39.512.68.11012.6R2O3.264.622.8Al2O331.633.327.43128SiO239.831.434.934.538.6CaO+MgOFECBA4660801001201401609009501000105011001150meltingpoint()frictionforce(N/cm2)00.10.20.30.4950100010501100115012001250Solidificationtemperature()Frictioncoefficient47482.3.6****49123/456)50//[C][H]51**liquidcryglassslagCutotalkdkdkdRR)/()/()/(/+++=*7652535455.Vc561500160017001800190020001120114011601180120012201240kw/m2573.////58593.1603.1A[C]=0.070.150.090.16L6162BCuPSCD•[Mn]/[S]•AlNbVTiB,,E15151525,15301540,63F–,–,,;––64G,,T=2040,;T10,T,,,,,H5mm,1mm/s,6510%SEN66676869707172730.00.51.01.52.02.53.03.54.0No.1No.2No.3No.4FeNiFeNi0045.695Rc/%≤1090≤114011871258Tbr/0.2850.3040.2040.1451300/Pa.S1128116411151133Tm/0.910.941.111.13CaO/SiO28.438.438.43/C6.054.409.908.80Na2O+K2O4.052.255.404.50F3.484.355.625.62MgO00.000.540.54Fe2O30.180.211.501.50Al2O334.0431.8238.2436.48SiO230.9730.0442.4741.18CaONo.4No.3No.2No.17412345751Tbr2CaO/SiO2F376TbrCP=[%C]+0.02[%Mn]+0.04[%Ni]0.1[%Si]0.1[%Mo]0.04[%Cr]CP=0.060.18%Tbr115760.0lnCP0.4%Tbr110368.5lnCPTbr105176.4ln1300poise77Tbr78CaO/SiO21.21.41.4F3CaO.2SiO2.CaF2793.21212803.3813.3123482051015202530No.1No.2No.3No.4/%FeNiFeNi16Mn83841NiCr2134853.4Ni/Cr0.55AISI304[C]0.1%10#86870.00.40.81.21.6Tc1100Tc1130Tc1150Tc1150881234567893.5/3.5.11015mm90913.5.292AISI30410#3.5.3933.5.4/9495963.6//Ar9798991001011021033.71041%,,?,,?×BN,×,BNSiC,,?1053.8••79%174%•1061234561073.9(1)ZrO2,(2)(3)F1084123451094.1*820*Tm1300TcE1ETp3.41101113.4.41121200E3.4.41134.21141154.3ACaO/SiO20.9511401160118012000246Awt0204060800246AwtwtCaO/SiO2EEMaxE1.170.5932.9032.31901000.950.635.825.198595E105J/mol116MnO024681025035045055065075085095010501150T107a/m2s-1123451---MnO=02---MnO=3.5%wt3---MnO=5.5%wt4---MnO=7.5%wt5---MnO=10.0%wt124.411714.49642.6280.9CaF2Na2OAl2O3SiO2CaO0204060123456mMnO0204060123456mFeO118-32.23%256.53FeO-9.73%341.78MnO-18.93%306.8—378.5w/c1195.1205.1(1)121(2)122(3)123(4)124(5)“”Al2O3“”125(6)126735~50mm()1275.21234128129023-6510246913983362315wangqian66@vip.sina.com