压力容器用含氮不锈钢_黄嘉琥

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121.2300312.100013/。ASME-2011aEN134452009GB150—201163.4%76.4%60%。1971、0.1%~0.6%。EN134452009-273℃10。、、。N=0.1%~0.6%。。ASME-2011a12EN13445200914。GB/T20878—200723GB/T4237—2007GB/T3280—200713。。TH49TG142.71T-651B1001-4837201310-0042-12doi10.3969/j.issn.1001-4837.2013.10.007Nitrogen-BearingStainlessSteelsforPressureVesselHUANGJia-hu121.HefeiGeneralMachineryResearchInstituteHefei230031China2.ChinaStandardizationCommitteeonBoilersandPressureVesselsBeijing100013ChinaAbstractTypesofstainlesssteelforpressurevesselalmostareallausteniticstainlesssteelandduplexaustenitic/ferriticstainlesssteel.Thepercentagesofdesignationsofnitrogen-bearingsteelgradeindivid-uallyare63.4%76.4%and60%amongalldesignationsofausteniticandduplexstainlesssteeltypesusedinASME-2011aEN134452009andGB150—2011pressurevesselstandards.Nitrogencontentsofallduplexstainlesssteelsresearchafter1971allsuperausteniticstainlesssteelsandallsuperorhy-perduplexstainlesssteelsinstainlesssteelstandardsbasicallyare0.1%~0.6%callthemmiddleni-trogen-bearingstainlesssteel.10designationsofausteniticstainlesssteelcanusedfor-273℃speci-fiedinEN134452009areallnitrogen-bearingsteelgrade.Nitrogensolubilityandcontentinstainlesssteeltypesofnitrogen-bearingstainlesssteelnitrogeneffectforperformanceandstructureofstainlesssteelanduseofnitrogen-bearingstainlesssteelforpressurevesselarediscussed.Middlenitrogen-bear-ingN=0.1%~0.6%austeniticstainlesssteelshavebecomedthemostimportanthighperformance·24·stainlesssteelsinforeignpressurevesselstandards.12and14designationshaveindividuallyareusedinASME-2011aandEN134452009.ButthesesteelsarenotusedinChinapressurevesselstandard.Thereare23and13designationsinGB/T20878—2007andGB/T4237—2007orGB/T3280—2007only.Thispaperproposestodomoreworksusedforpressurevesselsonthisbasis.Keywordsnitrogen-bearingstainlesssteelpressurevessel120121。20123536.3t1608.7t45.5%。。≤0.04%。2。2。、、、。2。。。、。2.126%870~920℃。927℃0.023%593℃0.006%。、N≤0.02%。。2.21。11600℃、1400℃1000~1200℃1。1311。2。·34·3010251。。。。1/%2518.413.61600℃/%0.40.30.21400℃/%0.20.150.11000~1200℃/%1.40.90.63。1600℃N3N=0.0396/fN×PN槡2lgfN=eCrN×Cr+eCN×C+……PN2———atm1atmPN槡21eN———eNCr———eN2。21600℃eNCSiNiWMoMnCrVNbTieN+0.125+0.065+0.01-0.0015-0.01-0.02-0.045-0.11-0.06-0.053。25%0.4%~0.5%。0.4%~0.5%。0.8%~1.0%。2。。218Cr-Ni-N900℃18-8N≥0.23%Cr2N0.23%。314%、。N=0.021Cr+0.9Mn-0.204%、3。218Cr-Ni-N900℃32.3。。。。·44·CPVTVol30.No102013。。。1040~1090℃。4。314%Ni、3410。2.51.1~24~96~9。。。、、。、C≤0.03%1/31/4。S332070.40%~0.60%。0.50%50%。0.10.91%0.09%。1.4%10.91%。0.09%。314%、/%18202224252628/%Mn=2%0.220.250.300.340.360.380.42Mn=4%0.250.290.330.380.400.420.46Mn=6%0.290.330.370.410.430.460.5044PWMoSiCrMnCuNiN2.521.61.31.20.90.70.60.12.521.61.31.21.111.431.6710。。18%。·54·3010251。。33.1N≤0.04%。0.015%0.02%0.03%。3.218%18-818-12304304L316316L317317L321316Ti316CbN≤0.10%0.11%。。。0.04%。0.1%。。。。N≤0.04%。。2080ASTMA240ASTMA479N≤0.10%。、N≤0.10%。。ISO9328-72004N≤0.11%、、。、、ENEN10088-12005、EN10028-72000、EN10216-52004、EN10217-72005、EN10222-52000N≤0.11%。EN10028-72007EN102722007N≤0.10%。18%1.4335X1CrNi25-211.4563X1NiCrMoCu31-27-4。EN10088-120058517。17、、、。。GB/T20878—20076、GB/T4237—2007GB/T3280—200712、GB24511—20095N≤0.10%、、。3.30.10%~0.4%0.6%。0.4%0.6%。。18%0.1%~0.25%304N304LN316N316LN317LN。、、。。。3.40.4%~0.6%。0.8%~1.0%。·64·CPVTVol30.No1020130.6%。。、。。3.50.1%~0.4%0.6%。N≤0.1%。2030329ЭИ6541Cr17Ni11Si4AlTi3RE6000Cr18Ni5Mo3Si2。。1971~19890.1%~0.25%230400Cr23Ni4N220500Cr22Ni5Mo3N329J100Cr25NiMo2N。1990~19990.25%~0.35%S32520S32550S32750S32760S39274。2000PRE≥45S32906S33207PRE20~300.2%0.25%。UNSS32001S32101S32011S32201S32202S32304S32002。18-818-12。4。。。5。5160%~76.4%。50%~85%。。20.1%~0.6%。30.1%~0.6%。4。ASME-2011a12EN13445200914。GB150—2011。GB/T20878—200723GB/T4237—2007GB/T3280—200713。5ASME-2011a8EN13445200968GB150—20111。6EN13445200910≥-273℃。55.10.15nm。。1.4%。。0.1%RmRp0.260~100MPa3。·74·3010251。30%~40%。-196℃KV260J。25%~30%。-40℃KV240J。5/%/%/%ISO/DIS1551020081097770.696243157.3131292.3ASTMA95920091297551.8109124653.2201785.0EN10088-12005957882.185402880.01010100GB/T20878—2007773849.46662343.911981.8ISO/DIS155102008121210070710055100ASTM212095.21201191.799100EN10088-12005101010060610044100GB/T20878—20076610030310033100GB/T4237—2007GB/T3280—2007423378.632121378.110880.0ISO9328-72004403485.035171282.955100ASTMA2402007986667.381133761.7171694.1EN10028-72007403280.035151277.155100GB24511—200914857.1115045.533100ASME-2011a714563.460231258.3111090.9EN134452009554276.449221473.566100GB150—201115960.0115045.544100ASME-2011a8810040410044100EN1344520096610030310033100GB150—201111100————11100-273℃EN13445200910101001055100———-196℃EN134452009151173.3157473.3———EN134452009-273℃105、5-196℃15114。。5.2。、、。·84·CPVTVol30.No102013NH3NH+4pH。H+pH。16~302。Ni2Mo2N。PRE8。PRE=Cr+3.3Mo+16N、Mo>3%PRE=Cr+3.3Mo+30N。。5.3。、、、。。、。Cr23C6Cr2Nσ。5。。650~950℃Cr2N。Cr2N88%。Cr23C693%。。。1。Cr2NCr23C6。Cr2N650~950℃Cr23C6400~950℃。。218-818-12N≤0.04%0.10%0.11%。。4316LCr2N。4022Cr17Ni12Mo2N=0.12%316LTTS——6022Cr17Ni12Mo2Ra≈0.01316LRa≈0.1。18%0.9%1≤0.10%≤0.11%。。。。。318-818-12304N304LN316N316LN0.10%~0.16%317LN0.10%~0.22%。。5304L。43。·94·3010251Cr23C6。σ、χ。60Cr17Ni13Mo5M23C6χ。a650℃1hb650℃10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