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2006273()Vol.27No.32006(107)JOURNALOFNORTHUNIVERSITYOFCHINA(NATURALSCIENCEEDITION)(SumNo.107):167323193(2006)0320210205X,,(,030051):,,.,,.,.,.,.,.:;;;:TH49:AInfluenceofTemperatureonVesselDesignMEIYing,CHENGZhi2gang,HUANGLi(Dept.ofMechanicalEngineering,NorthUniversityofChina,Taiyuan030051,China)Abstract:Accordingtoserviceconditionandtheoryofcorrelation,thispaperanalyzestheinfluenceoftemperatureonthevesselsdesigninchoosingofthevesselsmaterial,determiningofadmissiblestressanddesignmethods.Differentmaterialshavedifferentrangeofdesigntemperature.Designinghightemperaturevessels,graphitizationofcarbideandcarboncontentisseparatelyconsideredforcarbonsteelandcarbonmanganesesteel.Lowtemperaturematerialsmusthaveenoughductility.Determiningtheadmissiblestressofhightemperaturevessels,hightemperaturelastingandcreepstrengthmustbeconsidered.Forvesselsthatthermalstressmustbeconsidered,mustbedesignedaccordingtostressanalysismethod.Forlowtemperaturevessels,givingoutdecisionmethodsoflowstressorfallstressandtheirdesignmethods.Keywords:vessels;designtemperature;thermalstress;thermalstressratchet.,.,,.,,.,,;0,[1]4.,.X:2005210229:(200429):(19642),,..1,.:(0250)(0350);(-19475)(-40475)-90520580500(-196700).,:425,.,Fe3C3Fe+C(),,,,.525,0.04%.,,(C0.03%)1829400;1821222450;650,304,316H,,.,15CrMo,12CrMoV.12CrMo540,600.18CrMoWVA,530,325480.20Cr3MoWVA,(550560),.Cr5Mo,550,12Cr2Mo[2].,,MnöC.,(),16MnDR;;,3.5Ni,9Ni;;;..-4007MnNiCrMoVDR-50C2Mn09MnD,-7009MnNiD09MnNiDRGB15021998[3]15221.,16MnDR,15MnNbR,09MnNiDR,A516,A662,,.1[4].1Table1Metalbrandsandaperatingtemperaturesforlowtemperaturestreevesselöömm16MnRGB6654-20612015MnNbRGB6654-20106016MnDRGB6654-40610015MnNiDRGB3531-4566009MnNiDRGB3531-70660A516ASTM-50205A662ASTM-6050A203ASTM-100150,GB150.122002.GB150.1,(),(15MnNbR),(09MnNiDR),(09MnD)[5].2[R],,[R]=ö.112(107)(),(1)[R]=Rbönb,[R]=Rbönb,[R]=Rsöns,[R]=Rsöns(1)Rb,MPa;Rb,MPa;Rs,MPa;Rs,MPa;nb;ns.,420,(Cr2Mo)450,550,,[R]=RDönD,[R]=Rnönn(2)RD,MPa;Rn,MPa;nD;nn.,.,,.,.,.,,,,,,,,.,(),,ISO,,,[6].(20).3.,,.,,,.,,.().,.,,.[1].1),,$t1.1p(pMPa);2);3).,.,,..,,.,(),().,212()20063.,.,ASME.ASME,.1913ASME,.1920,,..ASMEÉÐ1,,,.ASMEÐ2,,..ASMEÐ2,,Ð1.,,.,.ASMEÐ2.Bree,,,[7]:1)0RpöRs0.5,Rt=R2söRp,(3)0.5RpöRs1.0,Rt=4Rs[1-(RpöRs)].(4)2)0.615RpöRs1.0,Rt=5.2Rs[1-(RpöRs)].(5)RpöRs0.615,RpöRs=0.3,Rt=4.65Rs;RpöRs=0.4,Rt=3.55Rs;RpöRs=0.5,Rt=2.7Rs.(6)Rp();Rs;Rt.,,,.,,.,,;,;.-20,,,.GB150298,-20,Rs1ö6,50MPa,,50,-20[3]141.,,1ö6,.,HGJ298GB150298,-20,Rs1ö630à,(Rs6Rs3.34),20,-20[8].,,,,50à,.30à,312(107)()..,,,,,[8].,2[9].3[9].2Table2CalculationoffirstoverallfilmstressöMPap(Di+D)2Dp(Di+D)4DpRi2D+M1PR2iDpDi4D-(3ö2)QDiD+1.27M2D2iD:p,MPa;D,mm;Di,mm;Ri,mm;Q,kg;M1,Nmm;M2,Nmm.3Table3MetalstresslimitforcommonpressurevesselömmöMPaRsö3.34Rsö620R61673.3540.83172570.3639.17263667.3737.05386064.3735.836210058.3832.516MnR616103.297.5172597.354.17263691.3250.83386085.3347.56210079.3444.1015MnVR616116.77651725112.2862.52636106.2959.173860100.355.8341).;,,MnöC.2),.3),;,5020-20,.:[1].GB150289[S].:,1989.[2].[M].:,1997:46.[3].GB15021998[S].:,1998.[4],.:[C].:,2001.[5].:[C].:,2001.[6].GB150289()[S].:,1989.[7],.()[M].:,1990:2352236.[8].[J].,2002,18(5):40.LiangMeng.Severalregulationsofdesigningpressurecontainerwithlowtemperature[J].ForestEngineering,2002,18(5):40.(inChinese)[9].[J].,2003,19(5):23.LiNing.Regulationdesignforlowtemperaturepressurevessel[J].BoilerPressureVesselSafetyofChina,2003,19(5):23.(inChinese)412()20063