搜索
2007611Regis Michel1•••CO22•2152NOHC11.5NOx+HCPM(x10)g/km00.5119912199632000420055201062015??199119962000200520102015?EGRNOx380204060Kw/liter020199319951998200120052009100150200250N-m/liter0501001993199519982001200520094CO219060%CO2175180185/km)40%50%Pen-20-40%18450%155160165170CO2(g/10%20%30%Diesel2040%CO216422%15015519961997199819992000200120022003200420050%•50%–1030%•50%–1030%•CO220g/km–•CO220g/km–580%90%21%VGT%VWLupo1.2L1998A1stvehiclewithVGTSegmentVGT50%60%70%CE/FD85%70%20%21%SkodaFabia1.9L2000BVWGolf1.9L,1995CFiatCroma1.9L1991DVWLupo1.2L1998A20%30%40%B30%92%AudiA82.5L1997E/FVWT42.5L1997VAN0%10%19941995199619971998199920002001200220032004Asegment/A•–••6•••CO2•719972007•@~4g/kWh•140N-mWG~2sec,VGT~0.5sec8VNT™•–•780CÆ830C•DPFDPF91800VNT2300190021002300130015001700BoostpressureKPa(A)PnumaticElectronic9001100012345678Timeinseconds(msec)(sec)10(msec)()VNTCACEngine–VNTCACVNTVGCCACVNTturboturboAirfilterExhaustline.AirfilterExhaustline.CACEngineCACCACCACturbo1turbo2CACAirfilterCat+DPFturbo2turbo11112Euro3+100%0025g/km)Euro4(2005)0.0200.025pePM(g-80%0.015TailPi0005Euro5?(2010)Euro6?(2015)Euro3+100%0.0100.005-80%+100%010020015025005Tier2Bin5(2010)TailPipeNOx(g/km)0.100.200.150.250.0513Tier2Bin56//EGR/EGR@DPTCFEGREGR@VNTEGR@/VNT14Tier2Bin5/6••CO22•15CO2Transport;Waste;3%Industrialprocesses;8%PassengerCars12%Transport;21%;8%Agriculture;9%PassengerCars%EnergyOtherTransport9%Energyuseexcludingtransport;59%CO16CO2CO2186186(g/km163-12%(g/km163-12%CO2130-20%CO2130-20%VoluntaryAgreementLegislativeTargets199520042012130VoluntaryAgreementLegislativeTargets199520042012130•CO2160g/km•08140g/km19952004201219952004201208140g/km•2012130g/km17CO2CO231%SUV+MPVCO221%5%43%AB/CD/ESUV+MPVVolSales(%)7%47%19%27%B/CD/EAAveCO2(g/km)124145175217DieselPen(%)15%42%65%80%TCGasPen(%)5%3%23%5%18•••CO2•19NllidG101M2005CO2GasolineDirectInjection(GDI)AdvancedValveTrainNaturally-aspiratedGas10.1M10.3M-5-10%HybridGDI+Turbo-15-20%-35-40%1.1M•GDI20%CO210%•10%20…40%50%CO2(%)30%drivecycleGDI410%20%uctionindGDIGDI0%0%50%100%150%200%250%300%350%400%450%500%ReduMPIIncreaseinPowertrainunitcost(%)-includingaftertreatment21…RenaultClio1.6LN.A.*1.2LTurboTurboGasvs.Gas(Ref)GasGas(Ref)FuelInjectionInjectionIndirectIndirectPower(hp)110100Torque(Nm)151146Fuelconsumption(l/100km)6.75.9-12%CO2(g/km160140-13%Nox(EUIVlimit)(g/km)008008Nox(EUIVlimit)(g/km)0.080.08Particulates(EUIVlimit)(g/km)00*N.A.=naturallyaspirated•13%CO2•GDICO215-20%2271M72M74M28%607064M66M69M71M72M74M2.8%405073%72%63%65%67%70%/-0.2%203028%69%01023%24%25%26%27%28%4%9%8%7%5%4%6.9%22.5%20072008200920102011201223200720072012CAGR≤1.2L0.51.827.8%≤18L0718224%2012*≤1.8L0.71.822.4%≤2.5L0.91.410.3%2.5L0.21.340.3%2012/•CO2*Compoundedannualgrowthrate•–2445L5.0L35L4.0L4.5L3.0L3.5L2.0L2.5L1.0L1.5L/25–50% –––15–CO220 g/km •–Tier2 Bin56k/–80kW/L––CO2–––26