搜索
X,,(,,100871):92,,,:;;;:X22;TV21314:A:100126791(2002)0120014207,,,,,,,,,,1(USEPA)1996EML/IMES(ExposureModelsLibraryandIntegratedModelEvaluationSystem)9230,33,29[1]111()1[1]13120021ADVANCESINWATERSCIENCEVol113,No11Jan1,2002X:2000211207;:2001203205:(49901016):(1971-),,,,1Table1CharacteristicsofsurfacewatermodelsCEQICM//---CEQR1/---CEQRIV1---CEQW2///---CORMIX///---DYNHYD5/------DYNTOX------EUTRO5///---EXAMS////HEC-5Q/---/---HEC-6//---HSPF//////HYDRO2DV/------HYDRO3D/------MEXAMS///MICHRIV/---MINTEQA2//PCPROUTE---/PLUMES///------QUAL2E/---REACHSCANRIVMOD//---SEDDEP/---SLSA//---SMPTOX//TOXI5//////TWQM/WASP5///////WQAM///---WQRRS//---112,,,,2[1]511:2Table2CharacteristicsofgroundwatermodelsBIOPLUMEII//CATTI//CFEST////CHAINT////CHEMFLO//DPCT////FEMWASTE////GETOUT//GLEAMS///HST3D////MMT///MOCDENSE////NWFT/DVM//PRINCETON////PRZM////RITZ/RUSTIC////RWH////SAFTMOD////SESOIL////SHALT/////SUTRA////SWANFLOW//---SWENT/////SWIFT////SWIP2////TETRANS//TRAFRAP-WT////TRANS/////TRUST///USGS2D-MOC////VADOFT//WORM/113,,,,,(),3[1]61133Table3Characteristicsofnon2pointsourcemodelsAGNPS//min/s/---ANSWERS/min/s/---BASINS///d/h//CREAMS/min/s//DR3M2QUAL/min/s/---EPICd/h///FHWAa//---GLEAMS/d/h///GWLF///d/h/---HELPd/h/------HSPF///min/s//MRI///a///---NPSMAP///d/h---P82UCM/min/s---PREWET/d/h/PRZMd/h//Q2ILLUDASd/h---SIMPLEa/---SLAMM/d/h---SLOSSPHOS/a/---STROM/d/h/---STREAMd/h/SWAT//d/h////SWMM/min/s///SWRRBWQ//d/h///USGSREGR//a/---WATERSHED//a/---WMM//a//WQAM////a////2211,[2,3]:(1),,,,,(2),FORTRANBASIC,,,,,(3),711:,,,,(4)MS2DOS,,212,,(GIS)GIS,GISAGNPS2Arc/Info[4](AgriculturalNon2Point2Source)SWRRB2GRASS[5](SimulatorforWaterResourcesinRuralBasins)SWAT2Arc/Info[6](SoilandWaterAssessmentTool)ANSWERS2GRASS[7](AerialNonpointSourceWatershedEnvironmentResponseSimulation)HSPF2Arc/Info[8](HydrologicSimulationProgram-Fortran),GIS,GIS[9]GIS,:(1),,GISSQL(StructuredQueryLanguage)(2)GIS,GIS,GISGIS,,,(3)GIS,,GIS,,GIS,3,GIS,,/1:81131Fig11Structureofthewatermodelsmanagementsystem4,:(1);(2)GIS,,;(3)GIS,GIS,;(4),,,GIS,,,[10]:[1]USEPA.ExposureModelslibraryandintegratedmodelevaluationsystem[R].EPA/600/C292/002,1996.[2]GoodchildMF,SteyaertLT,ParksBO,etal.EnvironmentalmodelingwithGIS[M].OxfordUniversityPress,1993.[3]GoodchildMF,SteyaertLT,ParksBO,etal.GISinenvironmentalmodeling[M].OxfordUniversityPress,1996.[4]JankowskiP,HaddockG.Integratednonpointsourcepollutionmodelingsystem[A]1NCGIASecondInternationalConfer2ence/WorkshoponIntegratingGeographicInformationSystemsandEnvironmentalModeling[C].Brackenridge,ColoradoUSA.September126-30,1993.911:[5]ArnoldJG,WilliamsJR,NicksAD,etal.SWRRBabasinscalesimulationmodelforsoilwaterresourcesmanagement[M].TexasA&MUniversityPress,CollegeStation11990.[6]BianL,SunH,BlodgettC,etal.AnintegratedinterfacesystemtocoupletheswatmodelandArc/Info[A]1ThirdIn2ternationalNCGIAConference/WorkshoponIntegratingGISandEnvironmentalModeling[C].SantaFe,NewMexico,January21-25,19961[7]EngelBR,SrinivasanR,ArnoldJ,etal.NonpointSource(NPS)PollutionModelingUsingModelsIntegratedwithGeo2graphicInformationSystems(GIS)[J]1WaterScienceandTechnology11993,28(3-5):685-6901[8]Al-AbedN,WhiteleyHR.ModelingWaterQualityandQuantityintheLowerPortionoftheGrandRiverWatershed[A].OntarioProcoftheInternationalSymposiumonWaterQualityModeling[C].April2-5,1995,OrlandoFL1ASAE(AmericanSocietyofAgriculturalEngineers).StJosephMI11995,213-2221[9],1[J]1,1998,19(3):87-90.[10]BennettDA1Aframeworkfortheintegrationofgeographicalinformationsystemsandmodelbasemanagement[J].IntJGeographicalInformationScience,1997,(11):337-357.WaterenvironmentmodelsandtheirmodelbasemanagementXLIBen2gang,TAOShu,CAOJun(DepartmentofUrbanandEnvironmentalSciences,MOELaboratoryofEarthSurfaceProcess,PekingUniversity,Beijing100871,China)Abstract:92watermodelsissuedinUSA,includingsurfacewatermodels,groundwatermodelsandnon2pointsourcesmodels,wereanalyzed1Thegeneralfeaturesofthemodelsandtheirrestrictioninapplicationwerediscussed1Itissuggestedthatthesemodelscanbeefficientlymanagedusinggeographicalinformationsystemandmodelbasemanagementtechnology1Aframeworkofsuchamanagementsystemwasproposed1Keywords:waterenvironmentmodels;geographicinformationsystem;modelbase;management0213XTheprojectissupportedbyNationalNaturalScienceFundofChina(No149901016).